Fasali da mazauninsu
Katantanwa zebra mussel wanda ke cikin matattarar ruwa mai ƙarfi, wanda ke kiyaye shi daga tasirin tasirin waje. Harsashin kansa ya ƙunshi bawul iri biyu, kamar kowane bivalve.
"Gidan" na mollusk a cikin girma ya kai 4-5 santimita a tsawon kuma 3 santimita fadi. A lokaci guda, launi na iya zama daban-daban - daga kodadde rawaya zuwa shuɗɗan shuɗi da kore. Ana samun galma galibi a cikin ruwan gishiri, kodayake cikakken suna a kafofin da yawa ya bayyana kamar “Kogin Dreissena«.
Ana samun yawancin jama'a a cikin Tekun Azov da Black, kuma ruwan Tekun Kaspian da na Aral suna da wadatar Dreissens. A waje da ruwan gishiri, waɗannan mollusks na iya dacewa da rayuwa a cikin maɓuɓɓugan ruwa masu gudana, don haka ana iya samun su a kusan kowane jikin ruwa na Eurasia.
A hoto, kogin Dreissena
Mutane suna amfani da kifin kifin a matsayin matattarar halitta don ruwa, tunda zebra mussel, bayan ya wuce ruwa ta cikin kansa, ya tsarkake shi kuma ya wadatar da shi tare da abubuwan da ke da tasiri akan haɓakar algae.
Don haka, a cikin akwatin kifaye na gida, zebra mussel yana matsayin matattara mai amfani da ado, kuma yana zama tare da kowane ɗayan mazauninta. Kunnawa hoton zebra mussel duba ban sha'awa kewaye da abubuwa masu ado.
Hali da salon rayuwa
Dreissena - takaddar tafiya, wanda, saboda keɓaɓɓun hanyoyin rayuwa, a hankali yana kame kansa da zama da sababbin wuraren zama, yana yaɗuwa a cikin ruwan duniya baki ɗaya. Iyakar abin da aka keɓance sune yankuna na arewa, inda suke da sanyi sosai don katantanwa. Mollusk din yana motsawa a duk duniya, yana manne da sassan karkashin ruwa na jiragen ruwa da jiragen ruwa, kuma dutsen yana ninka duk lokacin dumi.
Mafi zurfin jin daɗi don katantanwa ya kai mita 1-2. Koyaya, ana samun zurfin dokin zebra mai zurfin - matsakaicin zurfin da aka rubuta shine mita 60. Tare da ingantaccen abinci mai gina jiki (idan ruwan ya cika da abubuwan alaƙa masu mahimmanci), zebra mussel yana girma da sauri sosai.
Tuni a cikin shekarar farko ta rayuwa, tana iya kaiwa tsawon sama da centimita 1, yayin da a shekara ta biyu wannan adadi ya ninka. Ci gaba mai ƙarfi yana ci gaba tsawon rayuwar katantanwa. Tabbas, idan yanayin muhalli ya dace.
Babban mutum zai iya wucewa ya tace ruwa kusan lita 10 kowace rana. Snaananan katantanwa, waɗanda ke buƙatar abinci mai yawa don saurin ci gaba, ba sa aiki sosai - tare da nauyin gram 1, mollusk na iya sarrafa kusan lita 5 na ruwa kowace rana.
Wannan adadin aikin yana ba da damar tarin ƙwayoyin zebra su tsabtace jikin ruwa da sauri. Don haka, idan naman zebra 1000 suka yi girma a cikin ruwa lokaci ɗaya (kuma irin waɗannan abubuwan suna da yawa sosai), a cikin rana ɗaya za su iya share kusan murabba'in mita 50. mita na ruwa.
Bugu da kari, wakilan nau'ikan nau'ikan abinci ne masu kishi don kifi da yawa, kifin kifi da sauran katantanwa. Saboda haka, don kamun kifi, an shawarce ku da kuyi amfani da zebra mussel. Babban balagaggen zebra mussel yana jagorantar salon rayuwa, wanda ya haɗa kanta da kowane yanayi mai wahala. Tare da ƙaruwa sannu-sannu a cikin yawan mollusks, za su iya rufe ƙasan da abubuwan da ke kanta a kan ta da launi mai kauri.
Don rayuwa mai dadi, zebra mussel tana hade da bishiyoyi da kwale-kwale, da bututu karkashin ruwa da kuma tara, ta yadda wani lokacin yana wahalar da ruwa shiga. A kusancin samar da masana'antu, dole ne a tsabtace irin waɗannan wuraren a kai a kai daga yawancin kifin kifin.
Yawan cunkoso na wakilan jinsin yakan faru, lokacin da adadin mutane yakai 1 sq. mita ya kai dubun dubbai. A irin wadannan wuraren hakar zebra mussel Abu ne mai sauƙi.
Abinci
Shekar Dreissena ya kunshi bawuloli biyu da aka rufe. Jikin katantan yana wakiltar yadudduka biyu na mayafin, wanda tsakanin su akwai cilia, waɗanda ke da alhakin zagawar ruwa. Dreissena kuma yana da ramuka biyu - don ci da fitarwa na ruwa mai tacewa.
Waterauke ruwa a ciki, mollusk ɗin yana tace shi, yana karɓar ƙwayoyin cuta da kuma cire iskar oxygen da ke narkewa a cikin ruwan. Duk abin da kamar bai dace da kayan masarufin ba an cire shi tare da ragowar ruwan da aka tace.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai
Tsarkin ruwa na iya zama da fa’ida sosai zebra mussel a cikin akwatin kifaye, amma ya fi dacewa da mutum daya kawai don kauce wa yawaitar mutane. Matsakaicin rayuwar zebra mussel shine shekaru 4-5, amma, akwai masu dogon rai, wanda shekarunsu suka kai shekaru 7-8.
Yawan ruwa na katantanwa yana shafar ingancin ruwa da jikewarsa tare da abubuwan amfani masu amfani. Katantanwa na jima'i suna shirye don kiwo a tsakiyar lokacin bazara lokacin da yanayin yanayin ruwa ya fara tashi. Wannan aikin yana ci gaba a duk lokacin bazara, har zuwa farkon kaka kuma ya ƙare, kuma, tare da raguwar zafin jiki.
Dreissena ta tofa ƙwai da yawa cikin ruwa lokaci guda. Ana saka ƙwai a cikin buhu cike da zafin katantanwa. Sannan hadi daga waje yana faruwa, bayan haka sai tsutsar ta fara girma.
Tsutsa na yawo na kwanaki da yawa har sai ya iya tsirar da wata ƙaramar harsashi don kansa, sannan a hankali ya nitse zuwa ƙasan. Bayan samun wuri mai dacewa don rayuwa ta gaba, tsutsa ta saki gamsai na musamman (zaren inssun), wanda ke haɗa shi saman, a hankali yana tauri.
Don haka, yadudduka da yawa na katantanwa a hankali zasu iya mamaye juna, yayin jagorantar ingantacciyar hanyar rayuwa don molo. A cikin yanayi na musamman, katantanwa na iya barin yankin da aka zaɓa. Mollusk ɗin ya rabu da zaren daɗaɗɗen byssun kuma a hankali yake rarrafe tare da ƙasan don neman sabon wurin rayuwa.
Idan babban rukuni na katantanwa an ciyar dashi isasshe, haifuwa yana da sauri sosai. A cikin kowane mita mai siffar sukari, zaku iya samun daga mutane 50 zuwa 100 matasa. Amma, kar ka manta cewa ƙananan dabbobi da ƙwai Dreissen abinci ne ga sauran mazaunan duniyar da ke karkashin ruwa, ma'ana, ba dukansu za su girma har zuwa shekarun manya ba.
