Fasali da mazaunin kurege
Wannan dabba mai shayarwa daga halittar hares tana da ban mamaki, da farko, saboda girmanta: tsawon jiki fiye da rabin mita, wani lokacin yakan kai santimita 70, kuma nauyin: zomo daga kilogiram 4 zuwa 5, kuma hares har zuwa kilogiram 7.
Kurege wanda aka rarraba a duk nahiyoyi, kuma saboda yawansa, masana kimiyya da masu ilimin halitta sunyi nazari sosai akansa, kuma bayyanarsa da halayensa sanannu ne ga duk masu son yanayi. Bayyanar kurege halayyar mutum ce sosai, kuma ba shi da wahala a rarrabe shi daga masu zuwa - wakilan umarnin Lagomorphs.
Idanun dabbar suna da inuwa ta asali mai launin ja-launi. Tsarin dabba mai rauni ne, kuma mafi yawan kunnuwan jiki, gaɓoɓi da jela (duhu a saman da mai sifa) suna da mahimmanci rarrabe zomo daga farin kurege.
Launin dabba yana da ban sha'awa saboda nau'ikansa, saboda dabbobin suna narkewa kuma suna canza launukansu sau biyu a shekara. Kamar yadda kake gani akan hoton kanzon kurege, a lokacin bazara ana banbanta gashinta mai siliki da sheki ta launin ruwan kasa, ruwan kasa-zaitun, launukan ocher-launin toka da launuka masu ja.
DA hunturu kurege kurege whitens muhimmanci. Koyaya, bai taɓa zama fari ba kamar dusar ƙanƙara, wanda hakan ke zama sananne musamman a cikin wuraren duhu na gashin a gaban bayanta, haka kuma a cikin launin fur ɗin akan kunnuwan da kan zomo.
Wannan dalla-dalla na bayyanar wasu alamomi ne da yawa da za'a iya rarrabe kurege dasu yayin haduwa, misali, shi dan uwan farin kurege ne, wanda a lokacin hunturu yana da cikakkiyar launin fari mai dusar ƙanƙara, ban da ƙirar kunnuwan da suka yi baƙi a cikin ƙasa mai dusar ƙanƙara, wanda saboda shi zomo ne kurege ya zama gaba daya ganuwa a tsakiyar yanayin yanayin hunturu.
A hoto, kurege a cikin hunturu
Akwai zomayen Turai da Asiya, haka ma a Ostiraliya da Kudancin Amurka. Sun sami nasarar wuce gona da iri kuma sun sami asali a wasu yankuna na Arewacin Amurka da kuma a New Zealand, inda aka kawo su musamman don kiwo.
A Rasha, an rarraba dabbobi a ko'ina cikin ɓangaren Turai, har zuwa tsaunukan Ural, kuma ana samun su a yankin Asiya: daga Siberia zuwa gefen Gabas ta Tsakiya. Suna zaune a cikin gandun daji-steppe da steppe, har ila yau suna zaune a yankunan tsaunuka da yankunan daji da yawa.
Kodayake sun fi son buɗe wurare gabaɗaya, abin da ke halayyar alamar kurege... Amma mafi mahimmanci, waɗannan dabbobin suna son zama a ƙasar noma tare da wadatattun kayan hatsi.
Yanayi da salon kurege
Alƙawarin, da zarar aka zaɓa, zuwa wurin zama yana da halaye masu kyau kurege, da bayanin hanyar rayuwar wadannan dabbobi ya kamata ta fara da bayanin cewa wadannan dabbobin ba su da saurin yin hijira da doguwar tafiya.
Suna zaune a ƙananan yankuna (ba su fi kadada hamsin ba), suna zaune a kansu na dogon lokaci. Wataƙila waɗanda ke zaune a cikin tsaunuka ne kawai ke saukowa zuwa tsaunuka a lokacin hunturu, kuma idan dusar ƙanƙara ta narke, sai su sake tashi.
Canjin yanayi kaɗai a yanayin yanayi, bala'o'in muhalli da sauran abubuwan gaggawa na iya tilasta musu barin wurin da suka saba. Dabbobi sun fi son rayuwar dare da ta rana.
Kuma da rana, dabbobi suna ɓuya a cikin kabarinsu, waɗanda galibi ake girkawa kusa da daji da bishiyoyi. Wasu lokuta dabbobin ma sukan mamaye gidajen wasu dabbobi da aka watsar da su: marmot, badgers da kuma fox.
Kamar dukkan wakilan halittar zomo, zomo mai narkewa daga kai zuwa wata gabar jiki sau biyu a shekara. Guguwar bazara da faɗuwa, wanda yakai kwanaki 75 zuwa 80, ya canza gaba ɗaya irin kurege, wanda ke taimakawa dabbobin su haɗu da yanayin da ke kewaye da su, gwargwadon yanayin shimfidar wurare daban-daban, kuma ya zama ba a san maƙiyansu ba, wanda daga shi sai dogayen ƙafafu kawai ke adana zomo.
Ikon gudu da sauri shine wata fa'idar waɗannan dabbobi. Kuma matsakaici gudun kurege, wanda zai iya haɓaka a cikin mawuyacin yanayi akan ƙasa mai kyau da ƙarfi, ya kai har zuwa 70-80 km / h. A cikin nau'in hares, wannan rikodin rikodi ne.
Cikin saurin kafafu, kurege ya fi dan uwansa, farin zomo yawa, yana saurin fi shi gudu da sauri. Koyaya, kurege bai saba da yanayin yanayi mara kyau ba, kuma galibi ana samun raguwar al'umominsu sosai a lokacin damuna mai tsanani.
Kurege, kamar yadda da kurege, sun daɗe suna abin da aka fi so game da farautar kasuwanci da wasanni. Kuma yawancin wadannan dabbobin ana kashe su kowace shekara saboda naman su mai dadi da fatun dumi.
Abinci
Rusaks dabba ce mai yawan ciyawa, suna ɗokin cin hatsi iri-iri, buckwheat, sunflowers, chicory, alfalfa, clover, fyade da dandelions. Da daddare, don neman abinci, da son cika tumbinsa, kurege na tafiya har zuwa kilomita da yawa, yayin gwada dogayen ƙafafunsa don ƙarfi.
Saukarwa kan ƙasar noma, waɗannan dabbobin na iya cutar da girbin lambunan kayan lambu, gonaki da na hunturu, suna cin hatsi na ɗan adam da kankana, kayan lambu, da 'ya'yan itatuwa. Unguwan zomo na iya zama mara dadi ga wayewar ɗan adam wanda yakan zama babban bala'i.
Kuma a wasu ƙasashe, alal misali, a Ostiraliya, hares har ma ana ayyanawa a matsayin mummunan cuta. A lokacin hunturu, in babu wadataccen abinci mai gina jiki, zomo yana jin daɗin cizon haushi, yawanci yakan haifar da mummunan bala'i ba kawai bishiyoyi ba, har ma da manyan bishiyoyi.
Wadannan dabbobin sun fi son cin abinci a kan tsintsiya, hazel, itacen oak ko maple, yayin da fararen zomo da yawa sukan zabi aspen ko willow don cin abincinsu (kuma wannan wani banbanci ne tsakanin waɗannan wakilan masu haske na nau'in zomo).
Fasa dusar ƙanƙan da ƙafafunsu, zomo ya tono abincin tsire a hankali da treea treean itace daga ƙarƙashinta. Kuma yawancin dabbobin da suke samu galibi wasu dabbobi suna amfani da su, alal misali, jakar da ba sa iya share dusar kankara da kansu.
A lokacin bazara, zomo mai launin ruwan kasa yana ci da ɗan ƙaramin tsire-tsire, ganye da tushe, galibi yana lalata tushen bishiyoyi da bishiyoyi waɗanda suke fara girma, kuma a lokacin rani suna cin 'ya'yansu.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rayuwar kurege
Kurege na Turai suna da 'ya'ya sosai, amma yawan zuriya ya dogara sosai da lokacin shekara, shekarun kanzon kurege da ke haifar da zuriya, da kuma yanayin yankin da waɗannan dabbobin suke rayuwa.
A Yammacin Turai, a matsakaita, zomon mata yakan kawo yara biyar a shekara. Litaya ɗaya na iya ƙunsar daga zomo 1 zuwa 9. Kuma lokacin kiwo, farawa da isowar bazara, yana ƙarewa a watan Satumba.
Duk da yake a cikin ƙasashe masu zafi, ana farawa a zahiri a watan Janairu kuma yana ci gaba har zuwa ƙarshen kaka. Mafi yawan 'ya'ya sune zomayen masu shekaru.
Beaukar zuriya tana ɗaukar makonni 6-7. Kafin haihuwar zomaye, mata sukan shirya wuraren ciyawar da ba su da ma'ana ko kuma su haƙa ƙananan ramuka a ƙasa.
Sabon zomayen da aka haifa nauyinsu yakai gram 100, jikinsu yana rufe da furfura mai taushi, kuma tare da buɗe ido tuni sun shirya don kallon duniyar da ke kewaye dasu.
A kwanakin farko suna ciyar da madarar uwa, amma bayan kwana goma sai suka zama masu karfi har su kansu suke kokarin shan abincin na ganye, a kowace rana kara dacewa da irin wannan abinci.
Kuma tun suna da wata ɗaya a shirye suke su fita zuwa cikin wata babbar duniya wacce ba a santa ba don fara rayuwar manya. Shekarun zomo masu karancin shekaru, kuma galibi a cikin daji ba kasafai suke rayuwa sama da shekaru bakwai ba. Bugu da kari, dabbobi da yawa suna mutuwa tun suna kanana.
Koyaya, suna haihuwa cikin sauri, sabili da haka, duk da cewa su dabbobin farauta ne, yawancin zomo a yau ba sa fuskantar barazana.
