Fasali na dabbobin gida da na gida
Da yawa suna da masaniya da hamsters kamar mazaunan gida, kyawawan dabbobi, masu ban dariya da abokantaka.
Amma a dabi'ance, wadannan mazaunan dabbobi ne masu hadari wadanda hatta a zahiri sun sha bamban da na 'yan'uwansu. Suna yin barazana ga mutane da kuma albarkatun da ke cikin gonar.
Fasali da mazauninsu
An kama a Siriya a cikin 1930 dabba mai kama da hamster... Sha'awar wannan dabba ta dogara ne akan binciken "linzamin Siriya", wanda yara ke wasa dashi a cikin Assuriya ta d with a. Zuriyarsa sun zama magabatan babban gidan hamsters na zamani.
Yaduwar beraye a Asiya ta Tsakiya, yankuna masu tsayi na Gabashin Turai, sannan kuma yadawo zuwa China da Amurka wani bangare ne saboda amfani da dabbobi a matsayin kayan dakin gwaje-gwaje da gidan wasu halittu marasa kyau. Gabaɗaya, an rarrabe nau'ikan nau'ikan 20 da ke warwatsa haƙori na babban nau'in hamster steppe (na kowa).
A cikin hoton akwai hoton hamster
Aan ƙaramar dabba ce da ta kai tsawon 35 cm, tare da jiki mai faɗi, babban kai a gajeriyar wuya. Wutsiya ta kai cm 5. Matsakaicin nauyi ya kai gram 600-700. Earsananan kunnuwa, eriya a kan bakin bakin da kuma baƙaƙen idanu masu bayyana a cikin manyan katako suna ƙirƙirar kyakkyawar alama ga ƙwanƙollen ƙafa a kan ƙananan ƙafafu tare da yatsu dauke da armedan gajeran faratan rami da ramuka.
Dabbar tana da kariya ta kaifi da kuma hakora masu kauri, wadanda ake sabunta su tsawon rayuwar su. Gashi na hamster ya ƙunshi tushen gashi da babban sutura wanda ke ba da kariya koda a cikin ranakun sanyi mara sanyi. Launin gashi galibi rawaya ne ko launin ruwan kasa, ƙasa da sau da yawa ana samun launuka masu launuka uku, baƙi da fari.
Akwai nau'ikan bred sama da 40 tare da launuka masu launin ja, lemu da ruwan toka, launuka daban-daban siffofi da wurare. Yankin rarrabawa dabbobin gida fadi saboda rashin fahimtarsu. Zai iya daidaita kusan ko'ina: wurare masu duwatsu, steppes, bel bel, gandun daji - a cikin burrows yana ɓoye daga makiya da mummunan yanayi.
Babban yanayin mazaunin shine kasancewar abinci. Dabbobi suna da matukar son yankuna tare da gonakin hatsi; galibi suna sanya kabarinsu daidai kan ƙasar shukar. Daban-daban magungunan kashe kwari da ciyawa a cikin noman ƙasar suna sa dabbobin barin gidajensu su koma wasu wurare. Settleauyukan mutane suna nunawa da wadataccen abinci, don haka mazaunan ƙauye sukan ziyarci sheds da gine-ginen yadi da kayayyaki.
Wani fasali na hamsters shine wadatar kasuwancin su mai ban mamaki. Burrows ya kai girman girma idan aka kwatanta shi da girman dabbobi: har zuwa 7 m faɗi kuma zuwa zurfin 1.5 m. Abincin da aka adana yana ɗaukar nauyin ɗaruruwan ɗari sama da matsakaita hamster.
Kusoshi na kunci na musamman a cikin nau'i na fata na fata na fata yana ba da damar ɗaukar har zuwa 50 g na abinci ta ƙara ƙarar sau da yawa. Manoma na fama da asara daga fashin hamster. Dukkanin tsarin an haɓaka don tsayayya da mamayar ɓoyayyiyar iska. Su da kansu ma abin farauta ne a yanayi don tsuntsaye na ganima da na mujiya, ɓatattun abubuwa da kifi.
Hali da salon rayuwa
A dabi'unsu, hamsters masu son kai ne, masu gaba da gaba ga duk wanda ya keta yankinsu. Suna kiyaye dukiyoyinsu har zuwa hekta 10-12 a girma. Girman abokan gaba ba shi da matsala; akwai sanannun lokuta na hare-haren ɓoyi akan manyan karnuka.
Idan rodents masu alaƙa suka gudu daga saduwa da mutum, masu tayar da hanzari na iya kai hari. Cizon haƙori na da zafi, na iya haifar da kamuwa da cututtuka da yawa, kuma ya bar yadin da aka saka.
Rashin nuna rashin hankali ana nuna shi ma ga daidaikun mutane. Masu rauni ba za su iya kubuta da rai daga dangi masu ƙarfi da ƙarfi ba idan suka ɗauke su maƙiyi a lokacin saduwa ko kuma kawai su lura da baƙon da ba a so a wurin ajiyar su. Ayyukan dabbobi suna bayyana kansu a cikin maraice. Hamsters dabbobin dare ne... Da rana suna ɓoyewa a cikin ramuka, suna samun ƙarfi don farauta mara tsoro.
Gidaje masu zurfin gaske suna karkashin kasa mita 2-2. Idan ƙasa ta ba da damar, to hamster zai shiga cikin ƙasa kamar yadda ya yiwu. An tanadar da tantanin halitta da fitarwa sau uku: "kofofi" biyu don sauƙin motsi, na uku kuma yana kaiwa ga ma'ajiyar kayan abinci tare da kayan aiki don hunturu rayuwar dabbobi.
Hamster yana amfani da tarin abinci kawai a cikin yanayin sanyi da sanyi da farkon bazara. A sauran lokutan, abinci ya ƙunshi abinci daga yanayin waje. A saman ramuka akwai tarin tulin ƙasa, waɗanda aka yayyafa shi da ƙusoshin hatsi. Idan gizo-gizo ya tara a bakin ƙofar, to mazaunin an watsar da shi, hamma suna tsaftace gidajen.
Ba duk hamsters suke hibernate ba, wasu jinsunan ma sun zama farare don haka da wuya a lura da masu neman dusar kankara. Waɗanda ke jiran yanayi mai wuya a cikin barcin da ake yi lokaci-lokaci sukan kasance a farke don su wadata kansu da wadatattun wuraren ajiya. Lokacin da duniya ta fara dumama, a cikin watan Fabrairu, Maris ko farkon Afrilu, to lokacin farkawa ne na ƙarshe.
Amma kafin daga ƙarshe ya tafi, hamster zai ci gaba da cin abinci a kan kayayyaki, ya sami ƙarfi, sannan ya buɗe ƙofofin da fita daga ramin. Na farko, maza suna fitowa daga ramuka, kuma kadan daga baya, mata.
Dangantakar aminci tsakanin su an kafa ta ne kawai don lokacin saduwa, in ba haka ba suna wanzuwa daidai. Ikon hamsters don yin iyo da kyau yana da ban mamaki. Suna hura kumatun kuncinsu kamar jaket ɗin tsira wanda yake hana su ruwa.
Hamster abinci
Abincin abinci na beraye ya bambanta kuma ya dogara da yankin mahalli. Hatsi na hatsi zasu yi nasara kusa da filayen, kayan lambu da kayan abinci kusa da mazaunin ɗan adam. Akwai lokuta da yawa na hamsters suna kai hari ga kaji matasa, idan babu mai kare su.
A kan hanyar zuwa lambuna masu lambuna ko lambuna, dabbobi ba za su ba da ƙananan ƙwari da ƙananan dabbobi ba. Abincin abincin ya mamaye abincin kayan lambu: hatsi na masara, dankali, baho na fis, rhizomes na ganye da ƙananan bishiyoyi.
Kusa da mazaunin mutum hamsters suna cin abinci komai, shi babban mafarauci ne. Mazauna koyaushe suna ƙoƙari su kawar da irin waɗannan maƙwabta. Duk abin da hamsters suka ci, ana tattara kayan hunturu daga hatsi da tsaba iri daban-daban.
Hawan Hamster da rayuwarsa
Hamsters suna hayayyafa da sauri kuma suna aiki saboda gaskiyar cewa namiji yana da iyalai da yawa. Idan wani babban dangi ya kayar da shi a cikin takaddama ta hanyar aure, to a koyaushe zai sami wata mace don ci gaba da jinsi.
Ana haihuwar zuriya sau da yawa a shekara, kowane juji yana da 5a 5an 5-15. Bayyanuwa da makafi da baliki, hamsters sun riga suna da hakora, kuma a rana ta uku suna rufe da fuka. Bayan mako guda, sai suka fara gani. Na farko, suna zaune a cikin gida a karkashin kulawar uwa.
Mace na iya kulawa da jariran wasu mutane. Amma yara, idan ba su yarda da kafa ba, na iya murƙushe shi. A dabi'a, dabbobi ba sa rayuwa tsawon lokaci, har zuwa shekaru 2-3. A cikin bauta tare da kyakkyawar kulawa, tsawon rai dabbobin gida hamsters ƙaruwa zuwa shekaru 4-5.
Yana da ban sha'awa cewa ƙananan ƙuruciya, masu watanni 1-2, da shiga cikin duniyar mutane, ba sa bambanta cikin zafin rai. Sayi hamster ga yaro, zaku iya rashin tsoro, kawai kuna buƙatar tuna cewa saurin tashi zai iya zama mummunan halin hauka.
A lokaci guda, yana da amfani har yara su rarrabe hamster Norman daga mashahuri katun kuma mai rai tare da bukatunta da halayenta.
Tame da hamsters masu wasa, kamar su Dzungarian hamsters, za su kawo farin ciki da jin daɗi ga kowane iyali. Amma karamin mazaunin steppe yana buƙatar kulawa da kulawa ga bukatunsa. Hamster na iya zama abin so ga yara da manya.
