Fasali da mazauninsu
Mako shark babban wakili ne na dangin herring. Dangane da ra'ayin da ke rinjaye a cikin kewayen masana kimiyya, tsararraki ne kai tsaye daga jinsunan prehistoric na manyan kifaye masu tsawon mita shida Isurus hastilus, wanda ya kai nauyin 3000 kilogiram kuma ya rayu cikin ruwan teku tare da plesiosaurs, ichthyosaurs, kronosaurs a zamanin d C a zamanin Cretaceous. Menene mako shark ya yi kama? 'yan kwanakin nan?
Misalan zamani na irin waɗannan halittun ba su wuce kilogram 400 ba, suna da tsawon kusan 3-4. Kuma suna da kamanni iri ɗaya ga duk wakilan wannan dabbobin masu farauta da haɗari.
Kamar yadda za'a iya kiyayewa akan mako shark hoto, Jikinsu yana da madaidaiciyar siffar torpedo, wanda ya ba da damar waɗannan dabbobin teku suyi motsi cikin sauri cikin ruwa. Fin fin na shark yana aiki da manufa ɗaya.
Finarshen dorsal alama ce ta daban ta dukkanin kifin kifin kifi, masu girma tare da saman zagaye. Bayansu na baya yana da siffar jinjirin wata, da wutsiyar wutsiya, da ruwan wukake iri ɗaya da tsayi, suna iya samar da kifin shark da hanzarin gaggawa. Kayan kwalliyar cinya da kuma karamin fin karfi suna taimakawa wajen motsawa.
Shugaban mako yana da siffar mazugi, kuma a bayansa akwai raƙuman gill goma, biyar a kowane gefe, a bayansu akwai ƙafafun fin ƙarfi. Idanun shark manya ne, kuma rami na musamman ya dace da hancin da ke kan hancin.
Hakoran mai farautar suna fuskantar zurfin zuwa cikin baki, masu kaifi sosai kuma mai kama da ƙugiya. Suna kafa layuka biyu: babba da ƙananan. Kuma a cikin kowane ɗayansu, na tsakiya suna da siffar saber. Duk wani daga cikin wadannan hakora shark mako shine mafi girma da kuma kaifi.
Sau da yawa akan kira dabbar launin toka-mai launin shuɗi. Mako ya cancanci wannan sunan, yana da launi mai dacewa, wanda yake shuɗi mai duhu a saman, amma kusan fari a cikin ciki. Samun irin wannan inuwar, mai cutar mai hatsari ba a iya ganinsa kwatankwacin zurfin ruwa, wanda ke da matukar amfani a gare shi yayin farautar abin farauta.
Kuma mako shark an san shi da wasu sunaye: mai nuna alama mai launin shuɗi, baƙon hanci mai ƙyashi, bonito, mackerel shark. Ana samun wannan mazaunin zurfin teku a cikin teku mai buɗewa da kuma kusa da gabar tsibirai da ƙasashe tare da yanayi mai sauƙin yanayi, inda zafin ruwan ba ya sauka ƙasa da 16 ° C: daga bakin tekun Australia da Afirka, da Japan, New Zealand, Argentina da Tekun Meziko.
Hali da salon rayuwa
Tsarin jikin wannan mummunan mazaunin zurfin teku yana maganar saurin da saurin walƙiya. Kuma wannan ra'ayin ba yaudara yake ba, saboda mako yana da gaskiya a matsayin mafi saurin wakiltar jinsin shark, yana iya motsawa cikin sauri tare da yawan rikodin, yana saurin 60 km / h.
Mai kama mako shark - babban rashi ne ma ga rayayyun halittu da ke rayuwa a doron ƙasa, inda ya fi sauƙi motsi. Ba wai kawai wannan dabba tana motsawa tare da saurin walƙiya ba, shi, tare da fasahar acrobat, yana iya tsalle, yana hawa sama da saman ruwa zuwa tsayin 6 m.
Bugu da kari, yana daya daga cikin mahimman wakilai na dabbobin ruwa. Tsokokin kifin na shark, saboda tsarinsu na musamman, wanda mahaukata da yawa suka huda, suna iya haɗuwa da sauri, cike da jini, wanda mutane ke amfana da shi cikin sauri da rashin saurin motsi.
Amma irin wannan fasalin yana buƙatar manyan tsadar kuzari, wanda dole ne a cika shi koyaushe tare da abinci a cikin adadin adadin adadin kuzari. Wannan yana bayanin yawan zarin kifin da kuma sha'awar sa akan kowane abu mai motsi.
Kuma mutumin da ya yi iyo ba zato ba tsammani nesa da bakin teku, yayin ganawa ba zato ba tsammani tare da wannan halittar mai farautar, bai kamata ya yi tsammanin wani abu mai kyau daga ƙaddara ba. Abubuwa masu ban tsoro gami da wadanda abin ya shafa mako shark harin riga yana da fiye da isa.
Wadanda abin ya shafa sun kasance masu surutu ne, masu ba da ruwa da wanka. Kyakkyawan jin ƙanshi shine wata na'urar da aka gada daga dabi'a don kifin shark, wanda ke taimaka mata wajen neman abinci a cikin tekun da ke buɗe, inda ganimar irin wannan mai farautar ba ta da yawa.
Dabbar tana yin tasiri nan take ga warin ko wane iri, wanda kyautuka da suka dace da hancin hanta ke taimakawa sosai, ta yadda zai iya wanke masu karban aikin da ke da kamshi da ruwan teku. Haƙori masu haɗo suna taimaka wa mai farauta riƙe abinci mai santsi.
Amma yanayi bai wa sharks ba kawai da hakora masu kaifi ba, har ma da sauye-sauye masu ban mamaki don fahimta da sanin duniyar da ke kewaye da mu, waɗanda suka haɗa da wata kwayar halitta ta musamman tare da ƙarfin hangen nesa, wanda masana kimiyya suka gano kwanan nan.
Irin wannan karbuwa yana taimaka wa dabba ba wai kawai ya yi tafiya a cikin duhun teku ba, har ma don kama yanayin tunanin wadanda ke kusa da su, dangi ko wadanda abin ya shafa.
Firgici, firgita, gamsuwa ko ni'ima - duk waɗannan abubuwan da ake ji ana iya 'gani' da mako shark. Dangane da gwaje-gwajen da masana kimiyyar halittu suka gudanar, dabbar tana da ikon jin motsin lantarki na batirin mai yatsa a nesa da mita da dama.
Abinci
Irin waɗannan kifayen kifayen kifayen suna cin abinci iri-iri, amma galibi makarantun kifi - wakilan da ke yawan ruwan tekun - sun zama abincin dare. Waɗannan na iya zama pikes na teku, tuna, jiragen ruwa, mullet, mackerel, herring, mackerel da sauransu.
Sauran rayuwar halittun ruwa na iya zama wadanda ke fama da shark: molluscs, da yawa daga dorinar ruwa da na kifin squid, da dabbobi masu shayarwa, alal misali, kifayen dolphin da na ruwa.
Har ila yau, kifin kifin Sharks ya yi nasarar cin manyan dabbobi, har ma da kifayen kifi, amma galibi garken mahautan suna cin abinci ne kawai a kan gawarwakin waɗannan ƙattai, waɗanda suka mutu saboda wasu dalilai na halitta. Sharks kuma suna da abokan hamayya a cikin yaƙin neman ganima. Babban shine kifin takobi. Waɗannan abokan adawar galibi suna fuskantar cikin kasuwancinsu.
Kuma a irin wannan lokacin suna tsananin fada a tsakanin su don damar cin abinci a jikin wadanda abin ya shafa, suna cin nasara tare da nasara iri-iri, kamar yadda yake nuni da ragowar da aka samu a cikin nau'ikan nau'ikan masu farautar, wadanda aka kashe a kowane irin yanayi ta masu jirgi. Kuma tunda duk waɗannan da sauran mazaunan zurfin teku ba za su rasa nasu ba, hanyoyin magabtan suna haɗuwa da juna koyaushe.
Kuma masunta ma suna da alamar cewa idan kifin takobi yana kusa, to shark mako tabbas kusa. Koyaya, waɗannan masu farautar halittu suna da ƙoshin lafiya kuma ba za su ci gaba da yunwa ba koda kuwa da wani dalili ba su yi sa'a da ganimar ba.
Zasu iya cin nau'ikan abubuwa daban-daban, da farko kallo, bai dace da abinci ba, misali, bawo. Gwanayen Mako na da haƙoran hakora waɗanda ba su da wahala a gare shi ya farfasa ƙwanin kariya kuma ya sami isasshen irin abincin.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai
Nau'in nau'in nau'in kifin `` shark '' shine dabbobin teku masu rai. Wannan yana nufin cewa qwai mako shiga cikin cikakken zagayowar ci gaba a cikin mahaifar mahaifiya, wanda ya ɗauki kusan shekara da rabi, bayan haka ana haihuwar kusan sa tena cikakku goma.
Bugu da ƙari, yanayin mai farauta a cikin amfrayo ya fara bayyana kansa tuni a wannan matakin, kuma tuni a cikin mahaifa, sharks na gaba suna ƙoƙari su cinye brethrenan uwan da basu da ƙarfi, suna ci baya. Mako sharks ba misali ba ne na iyaye masu ladabi da kulawa, suna ba yaransu damar ci gaba da kansu da kuma gwagwarmayar wanzuwar su.
Tun daga ranar haifuwarsu, su kansu masharran suna samun abincinsu kuma suna tserewa daga abokan gaba, waɗanda suka isa yara a cikin zurfin teku. Kuma waɗannan na iya haɗawa da iyayensu. Masana kimiyya ba su da cikakken bayani game da tsawon rayuwar waɗannan mazaunan tekun, amma an yi imanin cewa kimanin shekara 15 zuwa 20 ne.
