Fasali da mazauninsu
Sunansa mai ban sha'awa shine ɗayan kyawawan kwari - malam buɗe ido jirgin ruwa gado daga sanannen Podaliry, wanda ya kasance likita a tsohuwar tarihin Girka.
Jerin wuraren da zaka iya samun malam buɗe ido yana da fadi ƙwarai, saboda gaskiyar cewa ƙwarin na iya yin ƙaura zuwa wurare masu nisa don neman sabon wurin zama na ɗan lokaci ko na dindindin. M, podaliry yana zaune a yankuna masu dumi na Turai, Turkiya, Kusa da Gabas ta Tsakiya, da Arewacin Afirka.
Butteran buɗan buɗe bakin haure suna iya isa Biritaniya, Finland da kuma yankunan Scandinavia. Malam buɗe ido ya fi son yawancin steppes da gandun daji, da keɓaɓɓiyar hamada da kuma tuddai. Fikafikan sama na butterflies suna mamakin launi daban-daban - ratsi mai siffar baki mai bayyane a bayyane ga bangon rawaya, wanda yake tsaye, adadinsu ya kai 7.
Wingsananan fuka-fukan suna da tabarau mai launin ruwan lemo mai kauri a gindi, kan iyaka mai shuɗi a cikin siffar zagaye-zagaye, yana ɗan duhunta daga tsakiya zuwa gefuna, kuma ƙananan (har zuwa 1.5 cm) wutsiyoyi masu baƙar fata ƙare a wuri mai haske a ƙasa.
Mata na wannan nau'in sun fi na maza girma, fikafikan baligi na baligi na iya kai 9 cm, yayin da tsayin gaban reshen ya kasance santimita 4-6. Maza suna son yin dawafi a kan saman tsaunuka. Launi na iya bambanta dangane da ƙananan ƙananan.
Don haka, yanayin tsayi na inalpin yana da fadi, amma gajere fuka-fuki, ratsi-ratsi baki a babin sama ya fi fadi, nau'ikan virgatuso suna da fuka-fuka masu farin-dusar ƙanƙara ba tare da ratsi ba, wasu masana kimiyya sun karanta shi a matsayin jinsin daban daban. Jirgin Ruwa Na Jirgin Ruwa da gaske yana kama da jirgin da yake shawagi tare da gudana, irin wannan ƙungiyar na iya bayyana yayin lura da malam buɗe ido, ba cikin tafiya ba.
Hoto ne jirgin ruwa na malam buɗe ido
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa ita ce, mutane da yawa suna ɗaukar malam buɗe ido a matsayin wakili na nau'in da aka bayyana (duk da bambancin bambanci). Podalirium yana da bambanci mai ban sha'awa, launi mai rikici, yayin da launi mai haɗi ya fi laushi, ya fi kama da gado, ba shi da kaifi, haka ma haɗiyen ba shi da zagayen shuɗi a ƙananan fikafikan.
A halin yanzu podaliry a cikin Littafin Ja kasashe da yawa (Rasha, Ukraine, Poland, da sauransu). Yawan wakilan jinsunan suna da yawa, duk da haka, yana raguwa cikin sauri saboda raguwar, kuma a wasu wurare, cikakken ɓacewar tsire-tsire da tushen abinci, wanda ya zama abinci ga kwari.
Adadin kwari yana da mummunar illa ta hanyar magungunan sinadarai da rage wuraren lambu, da kuma sare ciyawar daji, yin filayen amfanin gona, kiwo a yankunan daji.
Hali da salon rayuwa
Podalirius - malam buɗe ido, Generationsarnoni 2 waɗanda suka haɓaka cikin shekara 1. A ƙarshen Mayu, mutum na iya lura da ƙarni na farko (daga jaririn hunturu), wanda ke tashi har zuwa tsakiyar watan Yuni, daga farkon Yuli zuwa ƙarshen Agusta, ƙarni na biyu ya tashi.
A cikin al'amuran da ba safai ba, a ƙarƙashin yanayi mai kyau, kwari na ƙarni na uku na iya bayyana, waɗanda ke tashi har zuwa Satumba. Ba shi da wahala a rarrabe malam buɗe ido na farko daga malam buɗe ido na ƙarni na biyu - wakilan ƙarni na farko suna da gishirin ruwan lemu mai haske a ƙananan ɓangaren fikafikan baya.
Wannan tsarin rayuwar ya dogara da takamaiman mazaunin. Misali, a yankunan arewacin, tsara ɗaya kawai ake lura da su, wanda ya bayyana a watan Mayu kuma ya ɓace a watan Yuli. A yankuna masu tsaunuka, ɗan hutu tsakanin lokacin bazara ba za'a iya fahimta ba (malam buɗe ido bai tashi sama da kilomita 2 ba).
Kuna iya samun malam buɗe ido a cikin wurare tare da shuke-shuke shrubby, yana iya zama sarari, gefunan daji, kwaruruka da gangarowa, gandun daji, tuddai. Dangane da fifikon irin waɗannan ƙauyukan daji, zai zama kamar ba a taɓa ganin malam buɗe ido ga ɗan adam ba, duk da haka, kwalliya a cikin hoto yakan faɗi sau da yawa, saboda yana son tashi zuwa cikin lambuna masu furanni.
Abinci
Caterpillar na Podalirii malam buɗe ido ya fi son cin abinci a kan hawthorn, peach, blackthorn, apple, plum, cherry, ash ash da sauran shuke-shuke. Butterflies, a gefe guda, sun fi son shukokin furanni, kamar su lilac a bazara da laima inflorescences a lokacin rani, kuma suna son honeysuckle, viburnum, masara.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai
A lokacin saduwar aure, namiji yakan kula da mace, yana birgima a kusa kuma yana jan hankalinta da kyan manyan fukafukinsa masu haske. Kafin ta sa ƙwai, mace tana bincika tsiron a hankali tana yin ƙwai ɗaya bayan ɗaya a ƙasan ganyen. Qwai masu duhu ne, masu tsayi a sifa, ƙolinsu ja ne, iyaka da zoben rawaya biyu, yana ci gaba har kusan mako guda.
Caterpillar da aka kyankyashe shine koren haske, mai tsayi a sifa, yana faɗaɗa sosai a yankin kirji, girmansa yakai cm 2-3.5. Thewarin suna cinye bishiyar akan wacce ta bayyana, amma, a hankali duk jariran suna jan jiki zuwa wani ɗan nesa mai nisa don neman wurin koyawa.
Suna cin kwari da dare ko da sassafe. A tsawon rayuwar, caterpillar ya ratsa ta 5, karo na 4 na farko ya wuce kwana 3, sa'annan ya zama tsayi na 5 (kwana 10), daga nan sai ya rikide zuwa pupa.
A cikin hoton, ɗan tsutsu ne na malam buɗe ido
Caterpillar yana sakar mata matashin kai don kansa, wanda yake lika wa kansa yayin hutun. A lokacin haɗari, kwarin yakan “ciro” daga ɓangaren sama wanda yake bayan kansa sau biyu glandon ruwan lemu mai ƙamshi, ƙamshin da ƙwayoyin suke ɓoyewa na tsoratar da masu cin abincin.
Yayinda lokacin karatun ya kusanto, kyanwa ya zama yana da haske. Yawancin lokaci, don juyawa zuwa pupa, caterpillars zaɓi manyan bishiyoyi, waɗanda ba su da tsayi daga ƙasa, kuma ana iya samun pupa na Podalirii a cikin ɓaure a cikin kututturan itace.
Koren launi ne mai hade da ratsi biyu masu hade a bayanta, wanda akan hada launuka masu launin rawaya, ciki ya fi haske. Matakin pupa na lokacin bazara yana ɗaukar kwanaki 11, sannan ƙarni na biyu na ƙwarin ya bayyana. A cikin yanayin pupa na hunturu, kwarin yakan wanzu har zuwa bazara mai zuwa.
