An san katantanwa tun zamanin da. Tsohon masanin Roman Pliny Dattijo ya ruwaito a cikin rubuce-rubucensa game da kiwo katantanwa 'yan ƙasa don ciyar da azuzuwan mafi talauci. Har zuwa yanzu, ana ƙirƙirar gonaki na musamman ta hanyar zamani, amma ɗanɗanon kifin yanzu ya zama sananne ga gourmets.
Sunan halittar gastropod ta duniya ya sami gindin zama saboda cutarwarsu ga inabai, amma akwai sauran bambancin sunayensu: apple, rufin, Roman, Burgundy, ko kawai katantanwa da ake ci.
Fasali da mazauninsu
Molluscs suna rayuwa ba kawai daidai da suna a cikin gonakin inabi ba, har ma a cikin lambuna, dazuzzuka da bishiyoyi tare da dazuzzuka na shrubs. Asar farar ƙasa da aikin alkaline wuri ne da aka fi so don katantanwa masu son zafi.
Bangaren Turai, Arewacin Afirka da Yammacin Asiya, Kudancin Amurka suna da yawa daga cikin mollusks waɗanda ke rayuwa ba kawai a cikin yanayin yanayi ba, har ma a cikin birni, kusa da tituna da gine-ginen zama.
Don jaraba ga samari na tsire-tsire, katantanwa ana ɗaukarsu a matsayin kwari kuma an hana doka ta shigo da su cikin wasu jihohi. Amma a lokaci guda amfanin itacen inabi bayyane ga masana'antun abinci da magunguna.
Dangane da girma, wannan juzu'i shine watakila mafi girman ƙasar a Turai. Jiki ya ƙunshi jiki da harsashi, jujjuya juyawa ta hanyar juyawa 4.5. Tsayin gidan katantanwa yakai cm 5, kuma faɗi yakai cm 4.7. Wannan ya isa jiki ya dace gaba ɗaya.
Girman haƙƙin juzu'iyar harsashi yana ba shi damar riƙe ƙarin danshi kuma yana haɓaka ƙarfin gidan, wanda zai iya tsayayya da nauyin nauyi har zuwa kilogiram 13. Katantanwa tayi nauyin 50 g.
Jikin da yake motsawa da na roba yawanci launin ruwan kasa-kasa ne, an rufe shi da wrinkles don riƙe ruwa da ba da izinin motsi. Kowane katantanwa yana da nasa yanayin yanayin juzu'in na jiki, wani lokacin da kyar ake iya lura da shi. Hutun ciki na huhu Jini bashi da launi.
Motsi na kumbura ana bayarwa ta babban kafa. Yana yin sama sama ta hanyar yin kwangila da tsokoki wadanda suke a tafin kafa da kuma shimfida saman jiki. Tsawan kafa ya kai cm 5-8. A yayin motsi, katantanwa, godiya ga gland na musamman da ke gaba, yana ɓoye ƙusoshin, wanda ya rage ƙarfin tashin hankali.
Matsakaicin saurin motsi na katantanwa yakai kimanin mm 1.5 a kowane dakika a kowane farfajiya: a kwance, a tsaye, mai karkata. An yi imanin cewa ɓoyayyun ƙwayoyin cuta na bushewa kawai, amma abubuwan lura sun nuna yadda mollusk ɗin ke shan ruwa ta cikin tsagi a tafin kafa.
Akwai yawan zagayawa na gamsai, wannan yana kiyaye ruwa a cikin jiki. Idan yanayi na ruwa ne, katantanwar slime ba ta nadama kuma ta bar sawu, tunda ba shi da wahala kwata-kwata samar da wadatar. Launin harsashi galibi launin rawaya ne mai rawaya mai launuka masu launin duhu. Akwai mutane masu ƙarfi, masu rawaya-rawaya ba tare da ratsi ba.
Inuwa na iya bambanta dangane da halayen abinci na mollusk da mazaunin da kuke buƙatar ɓatar da kanku daga maƙiya da yawa: kwadi, shrews, moles, kadangaru, tsuntsaye, bushiya, ɓeraye da ƙwari masu cin nama. Katantanwa suna wahala daga ƙwarowar ƙwaro da ke shiga cikin buɗewar numfashinsu.
A kan kan mollusk akwai alfarwa tare da muhimman gabobi masu mahimmanci. Suna da motsi sosai kuma suna tashi kuma suna faɗuwa a tsaye; a matsayin ƙa'ida, suna ƙirƙirar kusurwa da juna.
Na gaban, har zuwa tsawon 4-5 mm, suna ba da aikin ƙamshi. Baya, har zuwa 2 cm a girman, sune alfarwa ta ido. Katantanwa ba su rarrabe tsakanin launuka, amma suna ganin abubuwa kusa, har zuwa 1 cm, suna mai da martani game da tsananin hasken. Dukkanin tantinan suna da hankali sosai: tare da taɓa haske, suna ɓoye a ciki.
Hali da salon rayuwa
Katantanwa suna aiki a cikin yanayi mai dumi: daga farkon bazara zuwa kaka mai sanyi. Yayin lokacin sanyi, suna fadawa cikin tashin hankali, ko rashin nutsuwa. Lokacin hutun ya kai watanni 3. Don hunturu, mollusks suna shirya ɗakuna a cikin ƙasa. Kasancewa masu haƙa guzuma, suna sanya takaddama tare da ƙashin muscle.
Zurfin daga 6 zuwa 30 cm ya dogara da ƙimar ƙasa da sauran yanayi. Idan katantanwa ba zai iya hudawa cikin ƙasa mai ƙarfi ba, sai ya ɓuya a ƙarƙashin ganyen. An rufe bakin kwanson katantanwa tare da fim na musamman na laka, wanda, bayan ya taurare, ya zama babban murfi. Ana riƙe da ƙaramin iska don shan iska.
Kuna iya bincika wannan lokacin da aka nitsar da katantanwa cikin ruwa - kumfa zasu bayyana azaman shaidar musayar gas. Kaurin irin wannan filogin ya dogara da yanayin hunturu. Bawon lemun tsami ya kare jikin mollusk daga yanayin waje. A lokacin bacci, asarar nauyi ta kai 10%, kuma murmurewa na tsawon wata guda bayan farkawa.
Hannun katantanwa koyaushe yana faruwa kwance a ƙasa. Wannan yana kiyaye ƙaramin iska, yana kiyaye ƙwayoyin cuta kuma yana saukaka farkawa a lokacin bazara. Don kada a ambaliyar ruwa, tana buƙatar hawa saman da sauri a cikin hoursan awanni.
A rana, mollusks suna wucewa, suna ɓoye a cikin wurare marasa ma'ana a ƙarƙashin ɓoye ganye ko duwatsu, akan ƙasa mai danshi ko danshi mai danshi. Danshi mai iska yana shafar halin katantanwa.
A lokacin bushewar yanayi, suna cikin kasala da rashin aiki, suna zaune a cikin bawo da aka rufe da rufin haske daga danshin ruwa da rashin ruwa. A ranakun da ake ruwan sama, katantanwa na fitowa daga bacci, ya ci fim mai kariya na bakin harsashi, saurin motsinsa ya karu, kuma lokacin neman abinci yana karuwa.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa ita ce sabuntawa, ko maido da sassan jikin da aka rasa ta hanyar katantanwa. Idan mai farautar ya ciji tanti ko wani sashi na kan mollusk, katantanwar ba zata mutu ba, amma zai iya haɓaka wanda ya ɓace cikin makonni 2-4.
Kiwo ilsanyen innabi a gida yau ba bakon abu bane. Wannan ya bayyana cewa a cikin kasashe da dama, duk da hana shigo da kifin kifin, sha'awar su ya rage, kuma farashin na karuwa.
Abinci
Babban abincin abinci na katantanwa na tsire-tsire shine ƙananan samari na shuke-shuke masu rai, wanda aka ɗauke su kwari. Yadda ake ciyar da katantanwar innabi a gida? Suna son sabbin kayan lambu da 'ya'yan itace: ayaba, kabewa, zucchini, apples, cucumbers, karas, beets, kabeji da sauransu. Gabaɗaya, jerin albarkatun gona sun fi abubuwa 30, ciki har da plantain, burdock, dandelions, zobo, nettle.
A cikin bauta, burodin da aka jiƙa ya zama musu ɗanɗano. Suna iya cin sauran ɗanyen da suka faɗi, ragowar abinci ne kawai a cikin yanayin ƙarancin abinci. Sannan rubabbun shuke-shuke, ganyen da suka fadi hakika zasu jawo katantanwa.
Katantanwar innabi ba za ta ba da strawberries ba
Harshen kilamar kamar abin birgima ne mai hakora da yawa. Kamar grater, yana tsinke sassan shuke-shuke. Ganyen da ya juye zuwa gruel ya katse katantanwar. Ko da dattin ciki ba ya cutar da gashin kai. Don ƙarfafa harsashin katantanwa, ana buƙatar gishirin alli.
Hakanan abincin dabbobi lokaci-lokaci yana iya jan kifin kifin. Katantanwa suna da ma'ana mai ƙanshi. Suna jin ƙanshin sabo na kankana ko kabeji kusan rabin mita nesa, ƙarƙashin iska mai sauƙi. Sauran warin ana jinsu a tazarar kusan 5-6 cm.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai
Ana daukar katantanwar inabi kamar hermaphrodites. Saboda haka, mutane biyu da suka manyanta sun isa haifuwa. Lokacin saduwa yana faruwa ne a lokacin bazara ko farkon faduwa. Ana sanya ƙwai a cikin fossa da aka shirya ko kuma a cikin wasu ɓoye na halitta, alal misali, a tushen saƙar shuke-shuke.
A cikin hoton, katantanwa na jima'i
Clutch ya ƙunshi ƙwayoyin farin 30-40 masu haske har zuwa 7 mm a girma. Lokacin shiryawa shine makonni 3-4. Sabon katantanwa, wanda yake fitowa daga ƙwai, yana da kwalliya mai haske tare da juya juzu'i ɗaya da rabi. Katantanwa suna haifar da rayuwa mai zaman kanta daga haihuwa.
Matasa suna cin ragowar ƙwaryar ƙwai, suna ciyarwa a ƙasa da abubuwan da ke ƙunshe a ciki, har sai ta fita daga mazaunin. Formation na kwanaki 7-10 yana faruwa a cikin gida, sannan kuma a farfajiyar don neman abincin tsirrai. Tsawon wata guda, katantanwa suna ƙaruwa kusan sau 3-4.
A hoto, katantanwa tana yin ƙwai
Kawai zuwa shekaru 1.5 katantanwa sun zama sun balaga a cikin jima'i, amma kashi 5% ne kawai na yawan haihuwar suka kai wannan lokacin. Kimanin kashi ɗaya bisa uku na molluscs sun mutu bayan lokacin kiwo. Matsakaicin tsawon rai a cikin yanayin yanayi shine shekaru 7-8, idan ba ta faɗa ga mai cin abincin ba. Karkashin sharadi mai kyau na kiwo na wucin gadi 'ya'yan inabi na gida yana rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 20, an san batun rikodin shekaru 30.
Duk da yawan rarrabuwa na kifin kifin, sun kasance abubuwan da mutane suke amfani da shi saboda yawan abinci mai gina jiki a matsayin kayan abinci da mahimmancin magani a kula da cututtukan idanu, tsarin musculoskeletal, matsalolin ciki da kuma don kwalliyar kwalliya.
Mahaifiyar innabi tare da jaririnta
Muarfin gastropods yana inganta matakan dawo da fata bayan lalacewa. Katantanwa sun inganta samar da collagen, suna kara microcirculation na jini, wanda ke taimakawa wajen inganta tsarin fata, sabuntawarta.
Dafa katantanwar innabi bisa al'ada a cikin kasashen Bahar Rum da kuma kasashen Turai da yawa. Wadatacce a cikin furotin da ma'adinai, jita-jita na kifin kifi suna da daraja ta gourmets. Mafi kyawun girke-girke sananne ne ga mazaunan Faransa, Spain, Italiya, Girka.
Katantanwa mai sauki ne kuma mai ban mamaki a lokaci guda. Kasancewa daga zamanin da, ya canza kaɗan kuma har yanzu yana jan hankalin ɗan adam game da rayuwarsa ta yau da kullun.
