Dawakai na daji suna da nau'ikan iri iri, ɗayansu shine zebra... Doki mai tudu mai ban sha'awa yayi kama da almara ko jarumtaka mai ban dariya fiye da ainihin mazaunin savannah. Daga ina waɗannan ratsi masu launin fari da fari suka fito?
Masana kimiyya da yawa sun daɗe suna ƙoƙari su amsa wannan tambayar mai kamar sauƙi. Wasu sun karkata zuwa ga sigar cewa, ta haka ne, da taimakon launi, ana yin ɓatan kama dabbar dawa daga masu farautar da ke yin barazanar rayuwar dabba kowane minti.
Ba don karamin lokaci ba, wannan sigar ce aka ɗauka daidai. Amma daga baya, kowa ya yanke shawara gabaɗaya cewa raunin da ke kan alfadarin ya tsoratar da tsutse daga dabba, wanda cizon sa wanda ke haifar da babbar barazana. Gudun tsetse yana ɗauke da zazzaɓi wanda babu wanda yake rigakafin sa.
Dabba mai taguwar ta zama ba ta da hankali ga wannan mummunan kwari, don haka galibi ana guje wa cizon sa. Don fahimtame zebra dabba, zaku iya ziyartar gidan zoo kuma kuyi hira da dabba kai tsaye. Tana da ƙarami kaɗan idan aka kwatanta da sauran mazaunan duniyar dabbobin Afirka da jiki mai ƙarfi.
Dabbar ta kai tsawon mita 2.5, tsawon jelar yakai cm 50. Tsawon alfadari a bushe kusan mita 1.5, nauyi ya kai kilogiram 350. Mata yawanci sun ninka maza kashi 10%. Abu mai mahimmanci shine gaskiyar cewa kowane mutum yana da tsarin kansa.
Ya zama kamar kowane mutum yana da yatsun hannu na kansa. Akwai uku jinsunan zebra - waɗanda ke zaune a hamada, a fili da kuma kan duwatsu. Waɗannan dabbobin ne masu ƙoshin dabbobi masu laushi.
Abubuwan alfadari da mazauninsu
Duk yankin kudu maso gabashin Afirka mazaunin jaki ne na dindindin. Abubuwan suttura na Gabas da Kudancin Afirka sun zaɓi waƙoƙin zebra na fili don kansu. Dawakan zebra sun fi son yankin Afirka ta Kudu-Yammacin Afirka.
A cikin hoton, zebra ne mai bayyana
Keɓaɓɓiyar jeji ta zauna a Kenya da Habasha. Yanayin ciyarwa na iya bambanta saboda yanayi. A lokutan bushewa, jakin dawa ya yi ƙaura zuwa wasu yankuna masu dausayi. Wani lokacin suna iya yin tafiyar kilomita 1000. Zebras suna rayuwa a wuraren da akwai wadataccen abincin tsirrai.
Dabba tare da ƙafafun zebra wanzu Wannan raƙuman daji ne da kuma irin ɓarke, wanda a wasu lokuta suke yin aiki tare da shi tare, tare cikin garken garken. Don haka, ya fi musu sauƙi su lura da haɗarin da ke gabatowa kuma su gudu.
Yanayi da salon zebra
Zebra dabba ce mai ban sha'awa wacce take yawan shan wahala saboda wannan halin. Tana da kyakkyawar ma'anar ƙamshi, don haka tana kulawa da jin haɗari a gaba. Amma jakin dawa yana da wasu matsalolin hangen nesa, ana iya ganin mai farautar a lokacin da bai dace ba.
Suna zaune cikin garken shanu. Akwai 5-6 mares ga kowane namiji a cikin irin waɗannan iyalai. Shugaban dangi koyaushe yana tsananin kiyaye duk mawaƙinsa da yaransa. Idan wani a cikin garken yana cikin haɗari, to da gangan namiji zai shiga cikin rikici tare da mai farautar har sai ya fada kan matsi na ban mamaki na jakin namiji ya koma baya. A cikin garke, yawanci yawanci daga mutane 50 zuwa 60 ne, amma wani lokacin wannan lambar tana kaiwa ɗaruruwan mutane.
Dabbobi ne masu aminci da abokan zama. Suna rarrabewa da gane 'yan uwansu ta hanyar muryar su, ƙanshin su da alamura akan ratsiyoyin. Don zebra, waɗannan ratsi-ƙaran fari da fari kamar fasfo ne mai ɗauke da hoto ga mutum.
Babban makiyi mafi hatsari ga wadannan dabbobi masu taguwar shine zaki. Leo bai damu da suturar da suka ɓoye ba. Ya same su ko yaya saboda naman da yake so.
Jakin dawa lokacin da yake gudu, musamman a lokacin hatsari mai zuwa, na iya samar da saurin gudu ga dabba mai tsawon kilomita 60-65 / h, saboda haka, don cin abinci a kan naman ta mai daɗi, zaki yana aiki tuƙuru kuma yana kashe kuzari sosai.
Vesyallen jakunan jeji sun zama kayan aiki masu ƙarfi. Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa ita ce, suna barci yayin tsaye. An tsara matsugunin a cikin manyan kungiyoyi don kare kariya daga hare-haren dabbobi masu farauta. Wadannan kungiyoyin ba su dawwama, suna canzawa lokaci-lokaci. Iyaye mata da jariransu kaɗai ke iya rabuwa.
Ana iya ganin yanayinsu a cikin kunnuwa. Lokacin da alfadari ya natsu, kunnuwansa suna miƙe, lokacin da suka firgita, ana sa su gaba, idan kuma fushi, sai a dawo. A yayin tashin hankali, alfadarin ya fara huci. Kuma lura da wani mai farauta a kusa, wani kara mai ƙarfi yana fitowa daga gare su.
Saurari muryar jakin dawa
Daga dabbobi masu kirki da nutsuwa, zasu iya zama na mugaye da na daji. Zebras na iya ragargazawa da cizon makiyinsu ba tare da jin kai ba. Ba shi yiwuwa a hore su. Kuma babu wani tsoro wanda ya iya hawa. Alfadari a hotoba da son ran mutum ba. Wasu kyawawan kyawawan abubuwa da alheri suna ɓoye a cikin wannan dabba mai ban mamaki.
Abincin alfadari
Duk abincin tsire shine abin da suke so dabbobin daji zebra... Ganye, shrubs, twig, ciyawa iri-iri da bawon itace sune abin da wakilan wannan jinsin suka fi so.
Dabbar dabbar dabbar daji mai yawan cin abinci. Suna cin ciyayi mai yawa. Suna buƙatar shan irin wannan busassun ruwan tare da ruwa mai yawa, saboda wannan zai buƙaci kusan lita 8-10 kowace rana.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai
Babu takamaiman lokacin kiwo na wadannan dabbobi. Za a iya haifar da ƙaramin sito a kowane lokaci na shekara. Mafi yawanci wannan yakan faru ne a lokacin damina mai sanyi, lokacin da ba a jin matsalolin abinci mai gina jiki.
Ciki yana dauke da kwanaki 345-390. Asali jaririya ɗaya ake haifuwa daga ita. Yana da nauyi a kan kusan 30 kilogiram. Cikin awa daya bayan haihuwa, dabbar na iya tafiya kuma ta yi dunduniya da kanta.
Shayar da jaririn nono ya fi shekara guda, duk da cewa bayan mako guda yana kokarin narkar da ciyawar da kansa. A cikin kashi 50 cikin 100 na al'amuran, sabbin jakunan dawa sabbin haihuwa suna mutuwa daga hare-haren dabbobi masu farauta a hanun kuraye, kada, zakuna.
'Ya'yan mata suna bayyana sau ɗaya a cikin shekaru uku. A shekara guda da rabi, dabbobin sun riga sun balaga kuma suna shirye don rayuwa mai zaman kanta. Amma mace tana shirye don bayyanar jaririn kawai bayan shekaru uku.
Ana kiyaye damar haifuwa a cikin jakin daji har zuwa shekaru 18. Zebras suna rayuwa a cikin daji daga shekaru 25 zuwa 30. A cikin zaman talala, tsawon rayuwarsu yana ƙaruwa kaɗan, kuma suna rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 40.
