Marsh Harrier tsuntsu. Marsh Harrier salon rayuwa da mazauninsu

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Hawan guguwa ana samunsu a Turai. Hakanan - mai farauta mai fuka-fuka yana zaune a Eurasia, Ingila, Kudancin Asiya, yankunan arewacin yankin Afirka.

Sha'awar yanayin shimfidar yanayin ƙananan ruwa, galibi zaka iya ganin wurare a ina ne gami mai fadama yake rayuwa.

Loonies sun fi son yankuna masu dausayi, da kuma wuraren da ke da fauna na cikin ruwa. Kafin duban mutumin da ke ƙoƙarin yin tunanin mazaunin masu haɗari, nan da nan za a jawo wuri mai dausayi da kuma ciyawar dawa.

Tsuntsayen sun san yadda za su ɓoye daga idanuwan da suke kaɗawa da kuma mugayen aniyar abokan gaba. Duk da cewa loonies cikin fasaha suna ɓoyewa daga masu bin su, babu yawancin wannan nau'in da ya rage a cikin daji.

Mafarauta sun hallaka adadi mai yawa, kuma a zamanin yau za ku iya saduwa da wannan tsuntsu na musamman sau da yawa a gidan zoo, maimakon saduwa da shi a ƙofar gaba a cikin sandar sandar da ke gabar ruwan.

Hali da salon rayuwa

Marsh Harrier tsuntsu babba babba, a bayyane yake sararin tsakiyar Turai. Dubawa cikin sararin sama, nan da nan za ku lura da kyakyawar tashin tsuntsaye na dangin shaho. Kodayake a wasu sassan duniya sun fi ƙanana - har zuwa girman 45 cm.

A cikin motsi na tsuntsaye babu sauri, sabili da haka haskenta da shawagi kyauta yana da daɗi ga idanun mai kallo. Jirgin mai farauta ba zai bar mutumin da yake kallonsa ba ruwansa ba. Tsuntsu yana da alama ya zaɓi lokacin da zai huta a sama.

A hankali yana bude fuka-fukai masu fadi, kuma ba zato ba tsammani, sai ya rataya tsakanin gizagizai, sa'annan ya gangaro da sauri zuwa kasa, yana ta daukaka sama da kasa. Tana da doguwar wutsiya a matsayin sitiyari da saurin sauyawa. Flaaɗa fikafikan sa a jiki, an ƙirƙira lanƙwasa na ado, kamar dai idan mahariyar marsh ta kwatanta kaska a cikin harafin "V".

Ganin ganima marsh harrier, ɓoye cikin ciyayi, da sauri yake zuwa wurin wanda aka azabtar. Wannan tsuntsu baya kyamar cin abinci akan mazaunan ruwa. Claafatattun ƙusoshin hannuwanta da ke riƙe da ganimar da ta rayu a cikin ruwa.

Dogaro da yanayi, fatar jikin tsuntsu tana canzawa. Abin sha'awa, launi na fuka-fukan ya dogara da jinsi. Launuka na tufafin yarinyar suna cikin launuka masu launin ruwan kasa, kuma don ƙarin kyan gani, gashin fuka-fukan fuka-fukai da kai an rufe su da ruwan ɗamarar fata.

Kowane ɗayan yara maza yana da tsayayyar kwat da wando: launin toka, launin ruwan kasa, fari ko baƙi. Fuka-fukai a cikin ramuka na kunne suna aiki a matsayin mai shawagi, suna jagorantar raƙuman sauti yayin farauta a cikin ciyayi.

Tsuntsayen galibi suna haduwa a cikin hunturu a kudancin Afirka, amma wasu mutane da ke zaune a wuraren da yanayi ke da sauƙin yanayi, suna ba da kansu don kada jirgin ya dame su. Kowane mutum ya kasu kashi biyu cikin waɗanda ke son yawo da sauransu waɗanda suka fi son salon zama.

Akwai ƙananan raƙuman ruwa 8, waɗanda ke rayuwa daga Eurasia zuwa New Zealand. Babu babu a yankuna arewa maso yamma na Turai. Mafi yawan duka, ana samun nau'ikan da ke zaune a cikin Italiya, wanda yawansu yakai nau'i-nau'i 130-180; a lokacin hunturu, lambar tana ƙaruwa saboda baƙi daga arewa.

A dabi'ance, wadannan tsuntsayen sun fi son kadaici, banda wanda shine lokacin saduwarsu. Yayin gina gidajan gida, tsuntsu yana fitar da wani kukan da ba a saba gani ba "ƙirƙira", wanda za'a iya fassara shi "ina, ga ni!"

Ciyar Cutar Gama

Menene damin gulbin ruwa yake ci? Abincin yana da matukar banbanci. Dabbobi masu shayarwa da beraye sune abincin da ya fi so. Rashin wayewa ga abinci bai iyakance tsarin abincin sa ba, don haka baya kyamar cin abinci akan tsuntsayen ruwa, kwadi da karamin gibin kifi.

A cikin filayen, idanunsa masu kwazo na iya rugawa zuwa ƙaramin gofer ko zomo daji, wanda shi ma ba zai ƙi jin daɗin ɗanɗano ba. Lokacin da dukkan tsuntsayen ke tsaka-tsakin shirya wuraren su masu jin dadi, kananan tsuntsaye suna zama kyakkyawan abinci mai ban sha'awa ga kananan kajin masu kawo matsala.

Yana mai da hankali sosai lokacin da yake sintiri a yankinsa. Yawo ƙasa ƙasa da ƙasa, a shirye yake koyaushe don ɗaukar ganimar ɓaraka. Nan da nan da sauri ya faɗo mata, sai ya kamo tare da lanƙwasawa ya raba abincinsa da bakinsa zuwa sassa da yawa.

Yin kamun kifi a gare shi ya zama mai nasara albarkacin dogayen ƙusoshin hannu. Don haka duk wani mai kifi zai yi hassada akan nasarorin. Gaskiya mai ban mamaki game da harin da aka kai wa wani babban magi. Ina so a lura cewa abincin wannan tsuntsu kai tsaye ya dogara da wuri da wurin zama.

Don haka, a kudu maso yamma na Turkmenistan, babban abincin shine tsuntsayen ruwa, kadangaru da kananan beraye. A cikin Holland, tsuntsaye sun fi son zomayen daji kuma masu cutar Danish suna cin abincin kajin. Jigilar tsuntsu tsuntsu ne mai ban mamaki, kallon shi babban jin daɗi ne, yana haifar da motsin rai kawai.

Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai

Lokacin jima'i na masu haɗari abu ne mai ban mamaki. A farkon watan Afrilu a sararin sama zaku iya ganin jirgin sama mai ban mamaki na maza suna wasa cikin rawa. Bayyana rawan mahaɗan guguwa, a cikin kalma, ba zai yiwu ba. Don jin shi, dole ne ku gani da idanunku.

Suna walƙiya a cikin sauri mai tsayi sama da ƙasa, yana nuna ƙwarewarsu da ikon iya motsi a cikin sama. Don haka, suna sarrafa juya kawunan samari mata. Kuma ba za su iya sake yin watsi da wasan kwaikwayon wasan acrobatic ba.

Yawancin lokaci ana shirya irin waɗannan pirouettes ɗin biyu-biyu. Maza suna nishadantar da abokinsu tare da wasanni a cikin iska, yana tabbatar musu da ƙaunatacciyar soyayya. Kunnawa hoto kuna iya gani sarai yadda suke waltz a cikin rawar auren mahaukatan fadama... Bayan zaɓar aboki don kanta, mace tana da daɗi a cikin wasanni tare da abokin tarayya.

Mace zata fara gina gida mai kyau, mai faɗi a watan Mayu. Ita ce mai kiyaye gandun gidan. Kuma mahaifin 'yan matan shine mai ciyarwar. Tsuntsu ya zaɓi kayan don tsari daga abin da ake kira ingantattun abubuwa: reeds, sedges da sauran shuke-shuke.

Don kwanaki 2-3, mace tana yin ƙwai masu haske har sau biyar tare da ƙyalli masu haske a cikin gida mai dacewa. Hakkin mace ne don dumama da kula da zazzabi na kullun. Bayan kwanaki 32-36, haske wanda ba a saba gani ba, kamar duban wata, dunƙulen fulawa sun bayyana.

Idanun kajin suna haske yayin haifuwarsu. Wadannan kyawawan mazaje suna kwadayin abinci daga bakin iyayensu. Manya suna da alhakin ciyar da kajin har sai kajin ya fado kuma ya zama mai cin gashin kansa, a shirye ya tashi daga cikin gida.

Abin birgewa, namiji yakan jefa kamun sa kai tsaye cikin gida, kuma wani lokacin mace takan tashi sama don karɓar abincin daga gare shi. Damarar fadama, kasancewarta wakilcin umarnin shaho, na iya shiga cikin jerin masu shekaru ɗari. A karkashin yanayi mai kyau, zai iya rayuwa kwata-kwata karni, amma ba safai yake samun nasara ba, saboda ba a tausayawa wannan tsuntsu.

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Kalli bidiyon: Marsh Harrier on the Norfolk Broads (Nuwamba 2024).