Aravana Shin kifi ne wanda yake ɗaya daga cikin tsoffin rayuwar rayuwar ruwa. An dauke shi babban kifi mai ƙarfi. Ana iya kiyaye shi a gida idan girman akwatin kifaye ya ba shi izinin. A cikin kafofin adabi da yawa, ana iya samun Arawana da sunan "dragon na teku" saboda yawan ma'auninsa. Irin wadannan sikeli sune suke samarda abin da ake kira daskararren harsashi a jikin rayuwar marine. Koyaya, duk da nauyin sa, baya ɗaure kifin a ƙalla kuma baya iyakance motsi. Aravana nau'uka ne da yawa, sun banbanta da juna a launi, yanayin jiki da kuma girman su.
Asalin jinsin da bayanin
Hotuna: Aravana
Aravana na dabbobi ne masu kayatarwa, an kasafta shi zuwa ga nau'ikan kifin kifi mai rai, umarnin Aravana, dangin Aravana, jinsi da nau'in Aravana. A yau masanan ilimin kimiya sun banbanta kusan dari biyu daga wadannan kifin. Masana kimiyya sunyi imanin cewa waɗannan wakilan tsirrai da dabbobin ruwa sun wanzu a duniya miliyoyin shekaru da suka gabata.
Burbushin da aka gano tare da ragowar Arawana sun tabbatar da wannan gaskiyar. Dangane da tsoffin burbushin halittu da aka samo, kifin ya wanzu a zamanin Jurassic. Abin lura ne cewa tunda ta bayyana a duniya, a zahiri ba ta canza kama ba.
Bidiyo: Aravana
Asalin asalin kifi shine Kudancin Amurka. Tsoffin mazauna wannan nahiya sun kira kifin macijin sa'a. Tun da daɗewa akwai irin wannan imani cewa mutumin da ya damu da wannan kifin zai yi farin ciki kuma tabbas sa'a za ta yi masa murmushi.
A cikin kasashen Asiya, a zamanin da, ana kamun kifi a matsayin tushen abinci. Sannan Baturewa sun zama masu sha'awar sha'awar sani da kyawawan kifayen da basu saba gani ba. Sun nemi siyan kifi don kiyaye yanayin akwatin kifaye. Bayan da Turawa suka fara sayen wadannan wakilan tsirrai da dabbobin ruwa, a yankunan da suke rayuwa, kama mutane suka fara, kuma kudin da suka kashe ya karu matuka. Wasu nau'ikan nau'ikan da basu da mahimmanci zasu iya cin dala 130 - 150,000.
Bayyanar abubuwa da fasali
Hoto: Yaya Aravana yake?
Aravana yana da yanayi mai ban sha'awa da ban sha'awa sosai. Yana daga cikin mafi girman nau'ikan rayuwar marine. A cikin mazaunin halitta, tsawon jikinsa ya kai kimanin santimita 120-155. Lokacin kiyaye shi a cikin yanayin akwatin kifaye, tsayin jiki galibi baya wuce rabin mita. Nauyin jikin mutum baligi ya kai kilogiram 4-5, musamman manyan kifi na iya nauyin kilogram 6-6.5. Wadannan wakilan rayuwar halittar ruwa suna girma cikin sauri kuma suna samun nauyin jiki.
Siffar jikin kifin doguwa ce, mai kama da ribbon, da ɗan alamar macizai ko dodannin da babu su. Gangar ana ɗan matse ta daga gefunan. Kifin yana da takamaiman takamaiman, ƙaramin kai tare da nuna sama sama. Eriya suna a saman leɓen ƙananan, waɗanda, lokacin da suke motsi, ana miƙa su kai tsaye. A ƙasan kai akwai wani nau'in jaka wanda zai iya kumbura lokacin da ake buƙata.
Kifin yana da manyan idanu. Suna da ma'amala, suna da bayyane, babba, ɗalibin baƙi. Aravana bashi da hakora. Fins da suke cikin yankin kirji ƙananan ne. Farshen ƙugu da na dubura suna farawa daga tsakiyar jiki, kuma suna gudana cikin nutsuwa cikin jela, suna haɗuwa da shi. Saboda wannan tsarin, kifin yana saurin samun saurin gudu yayin farautar. An rufe jikin da sikeli masu nauyi, waɗanda suka haɗu suka zama harsashi mai kariya.
Abin lura ne cewa samari suna da launi mai haske na ƙura, wasu suna da ratsi a jiki. Tare da shekaru, ratsi sun ɓace, kuma launin fins ɗin ya yi duhu. Launin sikeli na iya zama dayawa dangane da nau'ikan da yankin mazaunin. Koyaya, a kowane hali, launi yana da wadata kuma yana da zurfin gaske.
Zaɓuɓɓukan launi na kifi:
- lu'u-lu'u;
- murjani;
- shuɗi;
- Orange;
- da baƙin;
- azurfa;
- zinariya;
- koren.
Yawancin jinsunan yara, ba tare da la'akari da babban launi ba, suna da ƙyallen shuɗi.
Ina aravana yake zaune?
Hotuna: Kifin Arawana
Homelandasar mahaifar dragon kifin ita ce Kudancin Amurka. A zamanin da, kifi ya kasance ko'ina a cikin dukkan yankuna tare da yanayin wurare masu zafi. A yau, yana rayuwa kusan a cikin dukkanin ruwa mai tsafta.
Yankuna na yankin Arawana:
- wasu ruwaye na Arewacin Amurka;
- Kogin Amazon;
- Oyapok;
- Essequibo;
- yankunan kudanci na kasar Sin;
- Burma;
- Vietnam;
- Kogin Guyana;
- Kudu maso gabashin Asiya.
Kifi na iya bunƙasa a ƙananan ruwan oxygen. A cikin ƙasashe da yawa na duniya, ana kiwon kifi a cikin yanayin wucin gadi a cikin rafuka da yawa. A cikin yankuna na mahalli, kifi ya zaɓi wuraren da halin yanzu ba shi da ƙarfi sosai, yankuna marasa nutsuwa da keɓantattu.
Don kiyaye kifi a cikin yanayin akwatin kifaye, ana ba da shawarar zaɓar akwatin kifaye tare da ƙarfin aƙalla lita 750, zai fi dacewa har ma da lita 1000. Daga sama, ya kamata a rufe shi da murfin opaque. Yana da kyau a bashi shi da wani nau'in haske wanda ba zai kunna kwatsam ba, amma a hankali a hankali yana ƙara haske ta hanyar da ke ƙaruwa. Zai fi kyau idan akwatin kifaye an yi shi da plexiglass, tunda kifin yana da ƙarfi da girma.
Akwatin kifayen dole ne ya sami matatar ruwa wanda zai iya sifan ɗin ƙasa kuma ya canza aƙalla kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na duk ruwan mako-mako. Shuke-shuke na waɗannan wakilan tsire-tsire na teku da fauna suna da zaɓi. Suna jin dadi sosai ba tare da su ba. Hardness shine 8-12, acidity 6.5-7. Kifin bai yarda da yanayin alkaline ba.
Menene Aravana ke ci?
Hotuna: Arawana mai lalata
Larabawa dabi'unsu ne masu farauta. Su ne ƙwararrun mafarauta kuma suna iya samun abinci koda a cikin ruwa mara ƙanƙara a cikin dazuzzuka na daji ko gandun daji da ambaliyar ruwa ta mamaye. Bayi suna da yawan kuzari, kuma ba su da abinci sosai. Tana iya ciyar da duk abinda zata kama.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: A cikin yanayin rashin wadataccen abinci, an lura da al'amuran lokacin da kifi ya ci dabbobin fari.
Abin da kifi ke ci:
- kifi iri daban-daban;
- kwari na ruwa;
- tsutsotsi;
- kwari (crickets, May beetles, centipedes);
- kwadi;
- beraye;
- kadoji;
- jatan lande
Sau da yawa, lokacin da suka wanzu a cikin yanayin yanayi, masu farauta suna farautar tsuntsayen da suke shawagi akan ruwa. Tsarin musamman na fika-fikai yana baka damar samun saurin gudu yayin farauta.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Pisces na iya yin tsalle-tsalle da kyau har zuwa mita ɗaya da rabi bisa ruwa.
Lokacin kiyaye gida a cikin yanayin akwatin kifaye, ana ba da shawarar ciyar da masu cin abincin tare da daskararren kifin, za ku iya ba ƙananan cubes na hanta naman sa. Akwai bambanci daban-daban na busasshen abinci. Za a iya ciyar da dafaffiyar ɗanyen ciyawar ga samari. Kafin ciyar da su ga aravana, ana buƙatar tsarkake su.
An tsara tsarin kayan bakin ta yadda kifin zai iya hadiye ma manyan dabbobin da suke da girman jikinsa. Masana sun ce mai farauta koyaushe ya kasance yana ɗan jin yunwa. Wannan yana buƙatar sau ɗaya ko biyu a mako don tsara ranakun azumi ba ciyar da kifin ba. Lokacin da ake kiyaye shi a cikin yanayin akwatin kifaye, ya zama dole lokaci-lokaci ƙara bitamin ga abincin.
Fasali na ɗabi'a da salon rayuwa
Hotuna: Haske Aravana
Larabawa ana daukar su sosai kamar mahaukata. Suna iya gane mai gidansu, suna cin abinci daga hannunsa kuma suna basu damar taɓa kansu. Gabaɗaya, a dabi'ance, masu farauta suna da rikici da rikici sosai. Lokacin da aka kiyaye su cikin yanayin akwatin kifaye, ba za su iya zama tare da juna cikin lumana da sauran nau'in kifin ba.
Ba sa son raba sararin su da wani. Ananan yara da masu rauni suna haɗarin cin abinci. Kifayen da suke da kamanni iri ɗaya ne kawai za'a iya ɗaukar su a matsayin maƙwabta, zai fi dacewa kuma masu farauta. Stingrays suna dacewa da Aravans. Suna da nau'ikan girman jiki, abubuwan dandano kuma suna ɗaukar matakan ruwa daban-daban, wanda ke cire gasa tsakanin su.
Masu farauta suna da hankali kan ƙasa, sun fi son ƙarancin baya da zurfin zurfin ƙasa. A irin waɗannan wuraren sun fi dacewa, a can suna jin kamar cikakkun masu su. Suna da kishi sosai game da mazauninsu.
Idan kifin yana cikin yanayin akwatin kifaye kuma akwai wasu mazauna ban da maharin, dole ne a bi dokoki masu zuwa:
- ciyar da kifin a kan kari kuma cikin wadatattun abubuwa;
- bi dukkan dokoki da halaye na kiyaye kifi;
- samar da matsugunai da ake buƙata da itace guda.
Karkashin yanayin yanayi, kifi zai iya rayuwa kusa da kifin kifi, fractocephalus, wukakan Indiya, astronotuses.
Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa
Hotuna: Freshwater Arawana
Babu yadda za a yi kiwo kifi a gida. Don haɓakawa, masu farauta suna buƙatar yanayi na musamman, yanayin zafin ruwa da kuma babu wani bambanci a cikin alamun.
Wannan nau'in ya kai ga balagar jima'i yana da shekaru 3-3.5. Lokacin da tsawon rayuwar jikin ruwa ya kai santimita 40-60, a shirye yake don taɓarɓarewa. Mata suna da ƙwaya ɗaya, wanda ke haɗuwa har zuwa ƙwai 60-80, waɗanda suke a matakin girma. Maza suna da gwaurayen filamentous. A matsakaici, girman ƙwai ɗaya ya kusan santimita 1.5-2.
Yayin fara balaga, namiji yana nuna shiri don haihuwa kuma yana fara kula da mace. Wannan lokacin zawarcin yana daga kwanaki da yawa zuwa makonni da yawa kuma yana karewa lokacin da mace ta fara zubar da ƙwai. Mafi yawanci, tare da shigowar duhu da daddare, namiji yana bin wani mutum kishiyar jinsi, yana bin sa a cikin da'ira a ɗan nesa kaɗan.
Idan mace ta yarda da sha'awar namiji, to a haɗe suke neman mafi dacewa wurin samin haihuwa. Namiji a zahiri baya motsawa daga mace har zuwa lokacin da ta fara haihuwa. Ana yin jifar ɗan maraƙi a matakai da yawa. Namiji ya tattara shi ya sanya shi a cikin bakinsa don shiryawa. Lokacin nunannun ya wuce kwana bakwai.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Abin lura ne cewa soya suna cikin bakin namiji har sai sun fara ciyar da kansu. Wannan lokacin yana zuwa makonni 6-8.
Lokacin da soyayyen ya kai girman milimita 40-50 kuma zai iya ciyar da kansa, sai namijin ya sake su cikin ruwa.
Makiyan Arawan
Hoto: Yaya Aravana yake?
Wannan nau'in mahautan ba shi da abokan gaba a cikin mazauninsu. Suna da saurin tashin hankali tun suna kanana. Sun fi son farauta har ma da wakilai masu girma da ƙarfi na flora da fauna. Suna farautar tsuntsaye, kananan dabbobi masu shayarwa da ruwa mai sauƙi tare da sauƙi.
Suna cikin haɗari a matakin soya. Kawai a wannan shekarun ne zasu iya zama ganima ga sauran rayuwar ruwan teku. A dabi'ance, masu cin nama suna da ƙarfi, ƙarfi na rigakafi. Idan akwai naman gwari ko tsari a cikin akwatin kifaye, tabbas kifin zai kamu da cuta. Idan kifin yana da tabo, tabo, ko sikeli ya zama hadari, dole ne a dauki matakai don tsabtace akwatin kifaye.
Idan babu matattara a cikin akwatin kifaye, ko kuma baya jituwa da aikin tsabtace ruwa. Kwayoyin suna birgima cikin kifin. Idan ruwan yayi yawa a Ph, kifin yana rasa gani, launin idanun yana canzawa kuma idanun suna zuwa gajimare.
Don kaucewa cuta, matsalolin lafiya da mutuwa, ya zama dole a kula da abinci mai gina jiki da akwatin kifaye mai tsabta. Don kwanciyar hankali a ciki, dole ne ku kiyaye da kiyaye duk yanayin da ake buƙata.
Yawan jama'a da matsayin jinsin
Hotuna: Aravana
Zuwa yau, yawan jinsin bai haifar da wata damuwa ba. Gabaɗaya, akwai kusan nau'in 220 na aravana a cikin yanayi. Dukansu suna da takamaiman fasali na waje da launuka daban-daban.
Masu farauta suna zaune cikin ruwa mai tsabta na Kudancin Amurka, ƙasashen Asiya ta Kudu. Suna da ƙarfi, mai ƙarfi rigakafi, abinci mara izini. Mai farautar ya daidaita daidai da kusan kowane yanayi. Zasu iya kasancewa a cikin jikin ruwa tare da ƙarancin iskar oxygen.
Mafi yawan lokuta, sun fi son zama tare da gabar bakin teku, a cikin nutsuwa baya da kuma yanayin zafin aƙalla digiri 25. A lokacin ambaliyar, kifin na iya shiga cikin ramin daji da ruwa ya mamaye kuma ya wanzu a cikin ruwa mara zurfi. Zurfin mafi kyau duka don mafi kyawun rayuwa shine aƙalla ɗaya - mita ɗaya da rabi.
A cikin ƙasashe da yawa na duniya aravana kiyaye su cikin yanayin akwatin kifaye. Kafin ka sami irin wannan mai girma da iko mai lalata, kana buƙatar fahimtar kanka da yanayin tsarewa, dokokin kulawa da abinci. Kulawa mara kyau da rashin abinci mai gina jiki suna haifar da cuta da yiwuwar mutuwar kifi.
Ranar bugawa: 23.01.2020
Ranar da aka sabunta: 06.10.2019 a 1:48
