Babu ɗayan nau'in nau'in kifin da ke kama da kakanninsa na da shida shark... Diverswararrun scan wasan ruwa, lokacin da suka haɗu ba zato ba tsammani, yi ƙoƙari su hau mashin mai haɗari da lahani. Halittar teku tana da ban sha'awa a cikin girmanta. Samun damar ganawa da shi a cikin layin ruwa yana motsa tunanin, kamar haɗuwa da dinosaur.
Asalin jinsin da bayanin
Hotuna: Sixgill shark
Babban shark shida shine mafi girman nau'in a cikin polygill dangi, nau'in halittar kifin cartilaginous. Masana kimiyya sun gano nau'ikan nau'ikan kifayen kifin guda shida-gill shida, amma biyu daga cikinsu a yau ke zagaya tekunan duniya, sauran kuma sun bace tun tuni.
Nau'in da suka wanzu:
- dull-kai gill ko launin toka shar-gill shida;
- manyan idanu shida-shark shark.
Theungiyar polygill ana ɗaukarsu mafi ƙarancin ra'ayi kuma ɗayan tsoho ne.
Bidiyo: Sixgill Shark
Kamar dukkan wakilan halittar halittar kifin, carnolaginous, hexagill suna da halaye da yawa irin nasu:
- ba su da mafitsara na iyo;
- fika suna kwance;
- jikinsu a rufe da sikeli placoid;
- kwanyar gaba daya cartilaginous ne.
Buoyancy na Hexgill yana taimakawa ci gaba da faɗaɗa, hanta mai ƙiba mai yawa. Kari akan haka, don kada nutsuwa, sharks koyaushe suna motsawa a cikin layin ruwa, suna tallafawa babbar jikinsu da taimakon finkaifi. An samo farkon ragowar wadannan halittun a cikin dusar kankara wacce ta dawo daga Permian, farkon Jurassic. A yau, nau'ikan 33 na polygill shark ana daukar su dadaddun abubuwa.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Saboda jinkirinsu da girmansu, ana kiran wakilan wannan nau'in sau da yawa sharks sharks. Suna ƙarƙashin kamun kifi, amma ƙimarsu ba ta da yawa sosai.
Bayyanar abubuwa da fasali
Hotuna: Yaya shark shida mai kama yake
Girman samfuran mutum na launin toka mai kaurin ruwa shida zai iya wuce mita 5 tare da nauyin sama da kilogram 400. Peananan raƙuman ido suna da ɗan ƙarami kaɗan. Dogaro da halayen mazaunin, launin jikin shark na iya zama daban: daga launin toka zuwa launin ruwan kasa mai duhu.
Duk mutane suna da ciki mai haske da layin da ake bayyanawa tare da jikin duka. Doaya daga cikin ƙarancin dorsal yana ƙaura sosai zuwa caudal, wanda asalinsa gajere ne ƙwarai, kuma babban lobe yana da girma kuma yana da ƙwarewar halayya. Gilashin gill shida suna gefen kowane ɓangaren jiki a gaban ƙasan firam.
Jikin kansa yana da tsayi, ya zama kunkuntar, fusiform. Hancin hanci gajere ne. A saman babba mai fadi akwai rami zagaye - kofin fantsama. Idanun masu kamannin oval suna bayan bayan hancin hancin kuma basu da membrahin lalata.
Bakin kifin shark matsakaici ne mai girman girma tare da layuka shida na haƙoran kama-haɗu waɗanda ke da fasali daban-daban:
- an rufe saman muƙamuƙi da haƙori uku-uku;
- a kan ƙananan muƙamuƙi, suna da tsaka-tsakin yanayi.
Godiya ga wannan fasalin, kifin kifin kifin na iya kame ganima iri-iri, gami da masu santsi sosai.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Wannan nau'in kifin na kifin shark yana yin yawancin rana a cikin zurfin gaske, yana tashi sama sai da daddare. Saboda wannan yanayin rayuwar, idanunsu suna da ikon yin haske sosai. Wannan ƙimar tana ɗauke da ƙarancin yanayi a tsakanin masanan kifin
A ina ne babban shark yake rayuwa?
Hotuna: Shark-gill shark shida a cikin teku
Ana iya samun ruwa shida a cikin zurfin Tekun Atlantika. Yana zaune a cikin ruwa kusa da gabar tekun Pacific na Amurka: daga rana mai ƙarancin California har zuwa arewacin Vancouver. Adadin mutane da yawa suna rayuwa a gaɓar tekun Australiya, kudancin Afirka, Chile, kusa da tsibirin Japan.
Yawancin lokaci ana samun kifin shark shida a zurfin kusan mita 100, amma an san su za su iya nitsewa zuwa mita 2000 ko fiye da sauƙi. Matsin lamba a irin wannan zurfin zai iya wuce kilogiram 400,000 a kowace murabba'in mita. Da rana, wadannan halittu suna tafiya a hankali a cikin sashin ruwa, suna ta yawo a kasa don neman mushe, kuma suna dab da dare zuwa dare don farautar kifi. Kafin wayewar gari, ƙattafan da suka gabata sun sake komawa can cikin zurfin ruwa. A gefen tekun Kanada, ana samun gill shida a saman ruwa koda da rana ne, amma ana iya kiran wannan baƙon abu.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Babban shark mai saurin gwal yana da mahimmancin kasuwanci. Tana cikin tsananin buƙata a California, wasu ƙasashen Turai. Yawanci tana shanya.
An san cewa a cikin Jamus ana amfani da naman wannan kifin shark a matsayin mai laxative mai tasiri. Ba a cin hanta daga cikin ƙaton teku, saboda ana ɗaukarsa mai dafi ne saboda yawan abubuwan da ke ciki.
Menene kifin shark shida yake ci?
Photo: Sixgill zurfin teku shark
Abincin yau da kullun na ƙattai:
- nau'ikan matsakaitan matsakaitan kifaye irin su flounder, hake, herring;
- crustaceans, haskoki.
Akwai lokuta lokacin da wannan nau'in kifin na kifin kifin ya kai wa hatimi da sauran dabbobin da ke cikin ruwa ruwa. Gills shida ba sa ƙyamar gawa, suna iya ƙwace ganima daga danginsu ko ma su kai masa hari, musamman idan mutum yana da rauni saboda rauni ko kuma ƙarami ne.
Saboda tsari na musamman na lamuran hakora da surar hakora, wadannan halittu suna iya cin abinci iri-iri. Suna iya magance ma'amala har ma da manyan ɓawon burodi. Idan mai farauta ya kama ganima da muƙamuƙinsa mai ƙarfi, to ba ta da damar samun tsira. Kifin kifin kifin shark ya fara girgiza kansa daga gefe zuwa gefe kuma yana juya jikinsa, yana haifar da mummunar illa ga wanda aka azabtar. A waje kawai suna da kyan gani, amma yayin farautar suna iya kai hare-hare cikin sauri.
Duk da girman su da bayyanar su mai ban tsoro, ana daukar shanun shark ba masu hadari ga mutane ba. A cikin dukkanin tarihin lura da su, an rubuta lamurra da yawa na hare-hare kan mutane, amma a cikin kowannensu shark ya fusata ta hanyar halayen da ba daidai ba na masu bambancin ra'ayi. Yayin saduwa da mutum a zurfafa, waɗannan halittu suna nuna matuƙar sha'awar shi da kayan aikin ruwan. Zasu iya zagayawa gefe da gefe na wani lokaci, amma tare da kokarin neman saduwa dasu da sauri suna iyo.
Fasali na ɗabi'a da salon rayuwa
Photo: Tsohuwar shark shark
Yana da matukar wahala a kiyaye hexgill a cikin mazauninsu na asali, saboda sun fi son iyo a cikin zurfin ruwa. Kamar sauran mazaunan teku da ke rayuwa a cikin teku, hanyar rayuwarsu ta daɗe ta zama asiri ga mutane. Ba abu mai kyau ba musamman don ɗaga sharks-gill sharks shida-shida akan farfajiyar, tunda nan da nan suka rikice kuma suka nuna halin atyp. A dalilin haka ne masana ilimin halitta suka yi watsi da wannan hanyar karatun.
Masana kimiyya sun samo wata hanya ta daban ga waɗannan ƙattai - sun fara haɗa maɓuɓɓuka na musamman a jikin gill ɗin. Na'urar tana taimakawa wajen bin diddigin hijirar mazauna cikin teku, tana ba da ƙarin bayani game da yanayin jiki da canje-canje a ciki. Hakanan ba a ɗauke da wannan hanyar da sauƙi ba, tunda dole ne ku fara zurfafawa a ƙarƙashin ruwa kuma ku sami shark-gill shida.
Wadannan halittu an san su da zama masu kadaitawa. Ana halayyar su da ƙaura ta yau da kullun a cikin layin ruwa. Akwai lokutan cin naman mutane, lokacin da manya masu lafiya suka far wa danginsu marasa lafiya ko wadanda suka tsunduma cikin gidan sauro. Karamin sikeli, mai girman ido mai girman shikal shark bai cika zama gama gari ba kamar launin toka mai karami mai nauyi. A saboda wannan dalili, ba a yin nazarin salon sa da halayen kiwo.
Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa
Photo: Grey shukarin shark
Kattai shida-gill suna da ovoviviparous. A lokacin yanayi, mace na iya haihuwar kimanin sharks 50-60, amma akwai lokuta idan yawansu ya kai ɗari ko fiye. An lura cewa yawan rayuwar kananan dabbobi ya kai kashi 90 cikin dari, wanda hakan babban ishara ne. An san cewa yankakkun sharks na iya haihuwar yara 4 zuwa 10 kuma yawan rayuwarsu kashi 60 ne kawai.
Kowane mutum ya kai ga balagar jima'i lokacin da tsayinsa ya wuce mita biyu. Bayan hadi, qwai suna ci gaba da bunkasa cikin jikin mace a wani daki na musamman, suna karbar abinci mai gina jiki daga buhunan gwaiduwa. Yana da matukar wahalar gano sauran makomar dabbobi dabbobi, saboda haka, ainihin tsarin cigaban kifin shark ba masanan ne suka san shi ba. Akwai zaton cewa da farko, samari sun kasance kusa da gabar ruwa, inda farauta ke da tasiri sosai. Yayin da suka girma, suna sauka duka zuwa zurfin zurfafawa. Matasa suna samun nauyi da sauri sosai.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: A ƙasan Tekun Bahar Rum, a cikin zurfin zurfafa, galibi ana samun ramuka da yawa, waɗanda zasu iya kaiwa mita 2-3 cikin zurfin. Masana ilimin kimiyyar halittu sunyi imani da cewa wadannan sune alamomin farautar kifin kifin shark shida na manyan kifin.
Abokan gaba na sharks shida
Hotuna: Babban kifin shark shida
Duk da girman da suke da shi da kuma muƙamuransa masu haɗari, har ma waɗannan ƙattai masu tarihi suna da abokan gaba. Zasu iya fadawa cikin garken kifayen kifayen kifaye, waɗanda ake rarrabe su ba kawai da ƙarfinsu da haƙoransu masu kaifi ba, har ma da ƙwarewarsu ta musamman. Kifi Whale na iya kai hari daga wurare da yawa lokaci ɗaya tare da dukan garken.
Da ƙyar manya ke zama ganimar su, galibi suna afkawa ƙananan dabbobi. Wukai masu kashewa suna iya ɗauka da mamaki kuma suna ƙoƙari su shawo kan haɗarin haɗari na sannu-sannu shida. Saboda gaskiyar cewa sharks suna hawa sama sai da daddare na awowi da yawa, waɗannan mahara dabbobin ba sa haɗuwa sosai.
Kifin bushiyar bushewa na iya zama haɗari ga ƙato mai iko. Tunda kifin sharks na yunwa na iya kwace kusan komai, wani lokacin wani kifi mai juyayi, ya kumbura zuwa kamannin ƙwallo, ya zama abincinsu. Tsatson wannan halittar ya cutar da shark din sosai. Mai farautar na iya mutuwa daga yunwa ko kuma kamuwa da cuta mai tsanani.
Har ila yau, ayyukan ɗan adam suna shafar lafiyar kifin farko-farkon tarihi. Akwai lokuta lokacin da mazauna cikin teku suka haɗiye datti, wanda ke yawo a yalwace a cikin tekunan duniya. Yayinda tekuna suka ƙazantu, yawan adadin ɓawon burodi, wasu nau'ikan kifaye, waɗanda yawanci abinci ne na gill shida, yana raguwa.
Yawan jama'a da matsayin jinsin
Hotuna: Sixgill shark
Duk da cewa an rarrabe gill din gill shida ta hanyar rayuwa ta musamman da yawan haihuwa, wasu adadi kaɗan na abokan gaba a cikin mazauninsu, lambobinsu suna canzawa koyaushe, suna da mahimmanci ga kamun kifi. Matsayin jinsin ya kusan zama barazana ko kuma akwai hatsarin bacewa a nan gaba. Koyaya, kifin kifin har yanzu abin kamun kifi ne da kamun kifi na wasanni a cikin ƙasashe da yawa, gami da na Turai. Ba za a iya tabbatar da ainihin adadin wadannan halittun ba saboda yanayin yanayin rayuwar su ta sirri.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: A wasu jihohin Amurka, ana shan naman ƙattai a cikin ruwa, a Italiya suna shirya abinci na musamman don kasuwar Turai. Bugu da kari, naman kifin kifin sharks shida ana gishiri, daskarewa, busasshe, ana amfani dashi wajen samar da abincin kifi da abinci ga dabbobin gida da yawa.
Don kiyaye yawan kifayen shanu, ya zama dole a gabatar da cikakken iko kan kamewar. Tare da kamun kifi, lambobin su sun dawo na dogon lokaci, tunda kawai mutanen da girman jikin su ya wuce mita 2 ne ke da ikon haifuwa. Hakanan ya zama dole a sanya ido kan yadda gurbatattun tekunan duniya suke. Kasancewar shine babban mai farautar teku, ana kara barin gill din shida ba tare da irin abincin da yake ci ba kuma ana tilasta masa ya kasance mai wadatar zuci tare da mushe.
Sixgill shark yana rayuwa a cikin ruwan teku daga lokacin dinosaur zuwa zamaninmu, sun sauko kusan basu canzawa ba. Abin sani kawai an san cewa miliyoyin shekarun da suka gabata girmansu ya fi ban sha'awa. Haɗuwa da su a mazauninsu babbar nasara ce ga mai nutsewa, wanda babu shakka za a tuna da shi har tsawon rayuwa.
Ranar bugawa: 12/26/2019
Ranar da aka sabunta: 11.09.2019 a 23:36
