Badger na Amurka - a takaice, kakkarfan wakilin dangin Laskov. Shine kawai lambar badger da ke zaune a Arewacin Amurka. Badgers suna da jiki mai tsawo, gajerun kafafu, da glandon ƙanshi. Badgers na Amurka masu saurin tono abubuwa ne wadanda zasu iya ɓoyewa a ɓoye kuma su ɓace daga gani a cikin sakanni.
Asalin jinsin da bayanin
Hotuna: Bajamushe na Amurka
Rarraba na badgers hadaddun ne. Ana ci gaba da yin la'akari da nau'ikan, wanda ke sanya daidaitattun haraji na kowane binciken na ɗan lokaci mafi kyau. Yana da kyau a yarda cewa akwai muhawara mai gudana game da dabbobin da ya kamata a ɗauka a matsayin "ainihin baji." Masana kimiyya gabaɗaya sun yarda da nau'ikan nau'ikan guda uku: lambar Eurasia, badger ta Asiya, da badger ta Arewacin Amurka.
Bajakadan Amurkawa suna da alaƙa da ilimin yanayin ɗabi'a, minks, otters, weasels, da wolverines. Duk waɗannan dabbobi mambobi ne na Babban Iyali a cikin tsari na Masu Naman niauna - fectionauna. Badger na Amurka shine kawai nau'ikan Sabon Duniya wanda aka fi sani da shi a buɗe, busasshiyar yammacin Arewacin Amurka.
Bidiyo: Bajamushen Amurka
Badgers na Amurka dabbobin keɓaɓɓu ne na filayen yamma. Suna ɓoyewa a cikin ɓoye a cikin ramin da suke yi. Idan basa cikin kabarinsu, to suna kan hanya don neman ganima. Don samun abinci, badgers dole ne su tono su daga cikin burukan su, kuma wannan shine abin da suka dace da shi. A lokacin watanni masu dumi na shekara, badgers na Amurka galibi suna motsawa kuma suna iya zama sabon burrow kowace rana.
Ba su da cikakken yanki, kuma iyakokin gidajen su na iya juyewa. Idan ta yi sanyi, badgers sukan koma gida ɗaya don su yi hunturu a can. Badgers suna samun nauyi a lokacin rani kuma suna raguwa cikin tsammanin dogon lokacin hunturu tare da ƙarancin abinci ko babu. Suna rayuwa akan kitse mai yawa har sai ƙasa ta narke lokacin bazara mai zuwa. Don adana kuzari, suna amfani da torpor, jihar kama da rashin bacci.
Bayyanar abubuwa da fasali
Hoto: Yaya bajamirin Amurka yake
Komai game da badger na Amurka an yi shi ne don tonowa. Suna da siffar tsintsiya, kamar shebur ta lambu, tare da kananun kawuna, wuya a wuya da kafaɗu masu ƙarfi. Hakanan kuma goshin gabansu suna sashin yanar gizo, suna sa yatsun kafa suna haɗe wuri ɗaya don maƙarfan rami. Ana kiyaye idanunsu daga datti mai tashi da ƙura ta murfin ciki ko “membrane mai sutura” wanda ke zamewa ƙasa yadda ake buƙata. Suna da fata mara kyau, wanda ke basu damar juyawa cikin matsattsun wurare.
Badgers na Amurka suna da dogaye da lebur masu gajeren ƙafa, wanda hakan ke basu damar kusantar ƙasa da kuma farauta cikin kwanciyar hankali. Dabbobi suna da muzzles masu kusurwa uku da kuma dogon hanci masu hanu. Jajensu launin ruwan kasa ne ko baƙi, tare da dogon ratsi mai tsayi wanda ya faɗo daga ƙarshen hanci zuwa baya. Badgers na Amurka suna da ƙananan kunnuwa da dogaye, masu kaifi na gaba. Daga santimita 9 zuwa 13 a tsawonsa da kilo 3 zuwa 12, badger dan Amurka ya fi ɗan uwansa ɗan kudu girma, zumar zuma, kuma ɗan ɗan ɗan '' ko'ina a kan kududdufin ', ɗan'uwan Turai.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Idan bajallar Amurka ta kafe, zai yi ihu, ya yi ihu kuma ya nuna haƙoransa, amma idan waɗannan sautikan ba sa tsoratar da kai, za ta fara fitar da wani wari mara daɗi.
Yanzu kun san yadda badger Ba'amurke take. Bari muga abin da wannan dabbar take ci.
A ina bajeren Amurka yake zaune?
Hotuna: Bajamushe na Amurka daga Amurka
Kar ku bari sunan su ya yaudare ku, bajamushen Amurka ba kawai suna zaune a Amurka ba. kewayon su ya fadada har zuwa Kanada. Asalin toan asalin yankin Arewacin Amurka wanda ya faro daga kudancin Kanada zuwa Mexico, badger na Amurka yana da ɗayan manyan jeri na kowane nau'in badger. Yanayin busassun yanayi yana da kyau ga badgers na Amurka, kuma sun gwammace su zauna a cikin wuraren da aka gurɓata gas da filaye. A lokaci guda, ana iya samun bajakokin Amurka a cikin hamada mai sanyi da kuma cikin filayen shakatawa da yawa.
Bajamushe na Amurka yana son buɗe wuraren kiwo, inda za su iya yin maraice suna haƙa kifi don nemo ganima da ɓoyewa a cikin gidansu mai daɗi. Dabbobi suna rayuwa a cikin buɗaɗɗun wurare kamar filaye da filaye, filayen noma da gefunan daji. Suna da yankuna masu girman gaske; wasu dangin badger na iya shimfida dubunnan kadada don samun isasshen abinci! Sau da yawa suna kan tafiya kuma suna son tsayawa a cikin yanki ɗaya na dare da yawa kafin su ci gaba.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Badger na Amurka yana da matsakaiciyar rayuwa na tsawon shekaru 6 a cikin daji don jinsi biyu; mafi tsaran rayuwar da aka rubuta shi ne shekaru 14 a cikin daji.
A Amurka, ana iya samun baajeren Amurka daga gabar yamma zuwa Texas, Oklahoma, Missouri, Illinois, Ohio, Michigan, da Indiana. Hakanan za'a iya samun shi a kudancin Kanada a cikin British Columbia, Manitoba, Alberta, da Saskatchewan.
A Ontario, ana samun bajakadan Amurkawa a cikin wuraren zama daban-daban kamar su ciyawar ciyawa mai tsayi, filayen yashi, da ƙasar noma. Waɗannan wuraren suna ba wa badgers ƙananan ganima, gami da marmot, zomaye da ƙananan beraye. Tunda badgers galibi suna tsoron mutane, mutane da yawa ba sa'ar samun akalla ɗaya a cikin daji.
Menene baƙon Ba'amurke ya ci?
- Hotuna: Bajamushe na Amurka a cikin yanayi
Badgers na Amurka kusan masu cin nama ne kawai, wanda ke nufin yawanci suna cin nama, kodayake ƙananan ciyayi da fungi suna cinyewa kamar ƙwayoyin cuta. Dogayen fika masu kaifi da ƙarfi na bajamushe na Amurka sun taimaka masa wajen kama ƙananan dabbobin burrow waɗanda ke cikin kaso mafi tsoka na abincinsa.
Babban tushen abinci na bajamushe na Amurka shine:
- gophers;
- beraye;
- beraye;
- marmotsi;
- sunadarai;
- gyambo;
- zomaye.
Don fitar da wanda aka azabtar daga ƙasa, dabbar za ta yi amfani da farcensa. Don tono kowace ƙaramar dabba, baajeren Ba'amurke zai tona ramin kansa kuma ya tura daddare cikin gidansa. Wasu lokuta bajeren Ba'amurke na iya yin rami a cikin kabarin dabba ya jira ya dawo. Sau da yawa Coyotes na tsayawa yayin da badger yake buya yana kama dabbobin da suka fito daga cikin ramin, suna ƙoƙarin tserewa daga badger. Wani lokaci dabbar tana binne abinci a cikin ƙasa "a ajiye" don ci daga baya.
Idan ba ta sami dabbobin da aka lissafa a sama ba, bajamushe na Amurka ma na iya ciye-ciye a kan ƙwai tsuntsaye, kwadi, ƙwai kunkuru, slugs, ƙananan dabbobi masu shayarwa, katantanwa, ko ma 'ya'yan itace. Ta hanyar farauta, badgers na Amurka suna taimakawa wajen sarrafa yawan bera a cikin yanayin halittar da suke rayuwa.
Fasali na ɗabi'a da salon rayuwa
Hotuna: Badger Ba'amurke a lokacin sanyi
Yayin da badger na Amurka dabba ce ta gama gari a cikin dazuzzukan Arewacin Amurka, wannan ba yana nufin za ku iya hawa lafiya ku tafi ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan fuskokin samarin ba. Badgers suna da tsananin yanayi kuma suna ba da babbar gudummawa ga tsarin halittu na Arewacin Amurka. Ba za ku iya yin wasa da su ba, saboda yana da haɗari ga lafiyarku.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Badgers na Amurka dabbobin keɓaɓɓu ne waɗanda kawai ana samunsu tare yayin lokacin saduwa. An kiyasta cewa kusan baji biyar ne kawai za su zauna a yanki daya, tare da kungiyoyi galibi akalla kilomita daya daga nesa.
Baƙon Ba'amurke ba dare ba rana kuma yakan zama ba ya aiki sosai a lokacin watanni na hunturu, kodayake ba da gaske yake ba har zuwa ga nutsuwa. Dabbobi suna tona ramuka waɗanda zaku iya bacci a ciki, tare da ɓoyewa domin su kama ganima yayin farauta. Legsafafu masu ƙarfi na bajamushe na Amurka da sauri suna ratsa ƙasa, wanda ke da babbar fa'ida ga dabbobi yayin farautar dabbobin da suka bijire.
Badger na Amurka ba ya yin bacci a lokacin sanyi, amma yana iya yin bacci na kwanaki da yawa lokacin sanyi sosai. Dabbar tana daukar mafi yawan lokacin ta a kasa ko karkashin kasa, amma tana iya iyo har ma ta nitse a karkashin ruwa. Layi da burbuka wani yanki ne mai matukar mahimmanci a rayuwar badger. Yawanci yana da rami daban-daban da ramuka. Yana amfani dasu don bacci, farauta, adana abinci da haihuwa. Badger na Amurka na iya canza kogonta kowace rana, sai dai lokacin da yake da yara. Badger yana da ƙofa ɗaya tare da tarin datti kusa da shi. Lokacin da aka yiwa badger barazana, galibi yakan dawo cikin ramin nasa ya cire hakora da farata. Wannan yana taimakawa rufe ƙofar burrow.
Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa
Hotuna: American Badger Cub
Badger na Amurka dabba ne mai kaɗaici banda lokacin kiwo. Yana abokai a lokacin watannin bazara na Yuli da Agusta. Koyaya, amfrayo ba sa fara girma har zuwa farkon Disamba saboda jinkirin dasawa a cikin mahaifa, aikin da ake kira "empayonic diapause". Mata masu sanya mata suna iya yin aure idan sun kai wata huɗu; Maza maza na iya yin aure cikin shekaru biyu. Badger na miji zai iya zama tare da mata fiye da ɗaya.
Bayan aiwatar da diapause embryonic embryonic, 'ya'yan itacen badger na Amurka suna girma har zuwa Fabrairu kuma ana haihuwarsu a cikin watannin bazara. A kan matsakaita, wata bajamushe Bajamushiya takan haihu yara biyar a kowane ɗaki. Da zarar an haife su, waɗannan yaran za su zama makafi kuma ba su da ƙarfi a weeksan makonnin farko na rayuwarsu, wanda ke nufin sun dogara gabaki ɗaya da iyayensu mata don rayuwa.
Bayan wannan lokacin, badanyen badger na Amurka zasu zama masu motsi kuma bayan makonni takwas an yaye su daga madara kuma don haka fara cin nama. Yana da shekara biyar zuwa shida, yaran badger na Amurka suna barin iyayensu mata. Suna ci gaba da zagaye na rayuwa, suna farauta kai tsaye kuma suna haihuwar theira theiransu. A kan matsakaita, badgers na Amurka suna rayuwa har zuwa shekaru biyar a cikin daji.
Abokan gaba na badgers na Amurka
Hoto: Yaya bajamirin Amurka yake
Badgers na Amurka suna da enemiesan makiya na gari kamar yadda suke da kariya sosai daga masu cin karensu babu babbaka. Wuyansu na murdiya da furci mai kauri, yana kiyaye su daga harin makiya. Wannan yana bawa bajamushe lokaci don kamo ƙafafuwansa. Lokacin da aka kai hari ga badger, shi ma yana amfani da muryar magana. Dabbar tana ihu, tana ihu da ihu. Hakanan yana fitar da wani wari mara dadi wanda yake taimakawa korar abokan gaba.
Babban abokan adawar Amurkawa sune:
- jan lynx;
- mikiya na zinariya;
- cougars;
- namomin kaza;
- fararen fata
- kerkeci;
- da Bears.
Amma duk da haka dai, mutane na zama babbar barazana ga wannan nau'in. Yayinda asalin badger na Amurka ya rikide zuwa filayen noma ko kiwo, dabbar ta zama kwaro ga waɗanda suke kallon kabarinsu a matsayin haɗari ga dabbobi ko cikas ga samar da amfanin gona.
Don haka, babban barazanar da badgers na Amurka shine asarar mazaunin. Da alama Badgers sun ƙi saboda buɗe filayen makiyaya zuwa ƙasar noma, kuma ci gaban birane a yau yana da haɗari ga wannan da sauran nau'o'in. Badgers kuma suna cikin haɗarin karo da motoci, saboda galibi suna tsallaka hanyoyi don neman abin farauta.
Yawan jama'a da matsayin jinsin
Hotuna: Bajamushe na Amurka a cikin yanayi
A cewar masana kimiyya, a wasu yankunan yawan mutanen badgers na Amurka ya kai mutane 20,000. Badgers suna saurin rasa gidajensu, duk da haka, yayin da aka share fili don gonaki da gidaje. A halin yanzu akwai ƙasa da mutane 200 da ke zaune a Ontario, tare da keɓance biyu kawai a Kudu maso Yamma da Northwest Ontario. Ragowar bajamushen Amurka dole ne su "yi gasa" da mutane don neman abinci da wurin zama.
Waɗannan canje-canje a cikin ƙasa sun shafi wasu dabbobi, suna rage ganimar da ke akwai don farautar bajamushe na Amurka. Hakanan mahalli na Badger yana ƙara zama rarrabuwa ta hanyoyi, kuma wasu lokuta motoci suna kashe badgers lokacin da suke ƙoƙarin tsallaka hanyar da ta ratsa mazaunin su.
Don taimakawa badger, da gaske muna buƙatar kiyaye mazaunin su don su sami wurin zama, farauta, da samun abokai. Abin takaici, ba mu da masaniya sosai game da su saboda ba su da komai. Radiyon daga badger na Amurka da mazaunin sa zai taimaka mana sosai fahimtar abin da ke barazana ga al'ummomin su.
Dangane da sabon bayanai kan Lissafin Kayayyakin Jari da ke byasashen da Unionungiyar Internationalasa ta Duniya ta Kula da Yanayi ta fitar, an sanya alamar ta Amurka a matsayin "mai haɗari", wanda ke nufin cewa nau'ikan suna rayuwa a cikin daji, amma suna fuskantar halaka ko ƙarewar kusan.
Kariyar badger ta Amurka
Hotuna: Bajamushe na Amurka daga littafin Red Book
Bajamushe na Amurka ya kasance yana cikin haɗari mai haɗari lokacin da Dokar angananan Dabbobin ta fara aiki a cikin 2008. A shekarar 2015, yawan mutanen ya kasu kashi biyu, tare da mutanen Kudu maso Yamma da Arewa maso Yamma wadanda aka lissafa suna cikin hadari.
Lokacin da aka lissafa jinsuna a matsayin masu haɗari ko haɗari, mazauninsu na yau da kullun ana kiyaye su ta atomatik. Babban mazaunin shine yankin da jinsi yake dogaro da tsarin rayuwa. Wannan ya hada da wuraren da wani jinsin ke amfani dasu azaman kogo, gida, ko wani wurin zama. Ba ya haɗa da yankunan da jinsin yake a dā ba ko kuma inda za a sake dawo da shi a nan gaba.
Bayan ci gaba da dabarun farfadowa da buga bayanan martanin gwamnati, ana ci gaba da keɓance takamaiman ƙa'idodin wuraren zama wanda a ƙarshe zai maye gurbin kariyar mahalli gaba ɗaya. Latedayyadaddun mazaunin halittu masu haɗari da haɗari ana daidaita su a ƙarƙashin Dokar Halittu Masu Haɗari.
Bayanin amsawa ya jagoranta, gwamnati:
- yayi aiki tare da daidaikun mutane, kungiyoyin kare muhalli, kananan hukumomi da sauran su don taimaka musu kare halittu masu hatsari da hatsari da muhallin su;
- tallafawa ayyukan gudanarwa na al'umma waɗanda ke taimakawa karewa da dawo da jinsunan da ke cikin haɗari;
- yana aiki tare da masana'antu, masu mallakar ƙasa, masu haɓakawa, masu bincike da sauran waɗanda suke son ɗaukar matakan da zasu cutar da nau'in ko muhallin;
- gudanar da bincike kan nau'ikan halittu da muhallinsu.
Badger na Amurka saba da rayuwa a karkashin kasa. Suna samun yawancin ganimar su ta hanyar haƙa ramuka kuma suna iya bin abincinsu da saurin gudu. Ta hanyar sarrafa yawan kwari da kwari, badgers na Amurka suna taimakon mutane, kuma zomaye da wasu a cikin tsarin halittun su suna cin gajiyar burger masu kyauta.
Ranar bugawa: 08/01/2019
Ranar da aka sabunta: 28.09.2019 a 11:25
