Raccoon kare Jinsi ne na dabbobi masu cin nama waɗanda suke kama da raccoons. Dukkanin nau'ikan dabbobi suna da halaye iri daya, amma sun banbanta da juna a wasu halaye. Masana ilmin dabbobi sun yi iƙirarin cewa waɗannan nau'ikan dabbobi biyu ba dangi ba ne. Karen dawa yana da kamanceceniya da kugo fiye da na damkoki.
Wannan dabbar tana da wasu sunaye da yawa dangane da yankin wurin zama - raccoon, Ussuri raccoon, mangut, tanuki, neoguri.
Asalin jinsin da bayanin
Photo: Raccoon kare
Dabbar tana wakiltar dabbobi masu shayarwa. Dangane da umarnin masu farauta, dangin canine, waɗanda aka ware wa jinsi da jinsunan gidan canine. Har yanzu ba a yi cikakken bincike kan ainihin asalin halittar ta da canjin ta ba. A yanayin kasa, masana kimiyyar dabbobi suna kiran mahaifar dabbar kasashen Asiya ta Gabas: Korea, Japan, China, arewa maso gabashin Indochina.
A kan yankin Turai, dabbar ta fara bayyana a cikin shekaru 50 na karni na 19. An kawo su yankin Turai a cikin adadin dubu da gangan. An ɗauka cewa yanayin yanayin yanayi mafi dacewa, da wadataccen tushen abinci, zai sa gashin dabbar ya fi kyau. A cikin Turai, dabbobi sun dace da sauri.
Bidiyo: Raccoon Kare
A tsakiyar karni na 20, an ga yawan dabbobi a kasashen Turai da yawa: Sweden, Estonia, Czech Republic, Romania, Poland, Faransa, a kan yankin Crimea. A yankin ƙasar Rasha, an rubuta yawan jama'a a yankunan Altai Krai, Novosibirsk, da Irkutsk Oblast. Koyaya, canjin yanayi yayi tsauri, kuma tsananin sanyi ba ya bawa dabbobin damar rayuwa anan. Bayan haka, dabbobin sun zaɓi yankuna tare da yanayi mai laushi, mai laushi a matsayin mazauninsu.
Har wa yau, masana kimiyya ba su iya cimma matsaya dangane da asalin wannan nau'in dabba ba. Dayawa sunyi imanin cewa karnukan raccoon suna da halaye mafi kama da fox, saboda haka, suna da dangi na gari. Sauran suna da niyyar gaskanta cewa mangut da raccoons har yanzu suna da kakanni na da a da.
Bayyanar abubuwa da fasali
Hotuna: Karen raccoon dabba
A waje, karnin kare yana da kamanceceniya da dodo. Wata karamar dabba ce. Girman jiki ba zai wuce girman matsakaicin kare ba. Tsawon jikin baligi ya kai santimita 65-85. Dabbobi suna da doguwar wutsiya don ginin su. Tsawonsa yakai santimita 15-30. Nauyin jiki - kilogram 5-10. A lokacin bazara, dabbobi, a matsayin mai mulkin, suna rage nauyi, kuma daga kaka, akasin haka, suna tara kitse mai kamar yadda ya kamata don lokacin hunturu kuma suna samun wadataccen abinci.
Rossons Ussuri suna da ƙaramin jiki da gaɓoɓi sosai. Legsafafu na gaba da na baya suna da yatsu huɗu. Yatsun suna da dogon fika. Saboda gajerun yatsun kafa, jiki yana da ƙarfi, kuma yana da tarin kaya.
Hannun dabba yana da ɗan tsayi. A cikin sifa da launi, kare yana da kamanceceniya da damina, daga nesa kusan ba zai yiwu a rarrabe su ba. Muzzle an rarrabe shi da hanci mai tsayi. An tsara hanci ta layuka da yawa na dogon gashin baki. An rufe kan da dogon fur. Wani fasali na musamman shine kasancewar waswasi na ashen tabon bards da na musamman "tabarau", waɗanda ratsi ne na baƙin ulu a idanu. Waɗannan sifofin suna ba dabbar damar kasancewa cikin ganyen daji.
Idanun karnukan beran suna zagaye, zurfin saiti. Mafi sau da yawa suna baƙar fata ko launin ruwan kasa mai duhu. A kan kai akwai kanana, masu kusurwa uku-uku, fitattun kunnuwa. Rigar dabbar doguwa ce, mai kauri, kuma mai taurin kai. Gashi mai duhu ne mai duhu ko launin toka mai duhu. Akwai ratsi-raɗi a fuska waɗanda suke yin kama da dodo. Wutsiya, akasin haka, ba shi da ratsi.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa. A dabi'a, galibi ana samun mutane masu launin ja, wanda a zahiri suna kama da fox, da kuma karnukan zabiya mai haske, kusan fari.
Gashi ya fi sauƙi a cikin sauran ɓangarorin jiki. Akwai ratsi mai duhu a cikin yankin layin kashin baya. Karnuka rake suna yin zubi sau biyu a shekara. A cikin kaka, dabba molts, farawa daga wutsiya zuwa kai. A cikin bazara, akasin haka, daga kai zuwa wutsiya.
A ina ne karnukan raccoon ke zama?
Hotuna: Raccoon kare a Rasha
Wakilin dangin canine yana zaune a yankin gandun daji da yankunan daji. Abubuwan da ake so su zauna a cikin kwari da kuma ɗakunan ruwa, inda akwai ciyawa na ciyayi, ciyawa, ko wasu ciyayi a bakin teku. Daga cikin gandun daji, an fi son nau'ikan tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire ko tsire-tsire. Abu mai mahimmanci shine yanayin yanayi. Dabbobi ba sa samun tushe a yankuna masu tsananin sanyi.
Matsakaicin matsakaita na shekara-shekara bai kamata ya faɗi ƙasa da sifili ba. Bugu da ƙari, adadin murfin dusar ƙanƙara a cikin hunturu bai fi 700-800 mm ba. Karnukan rake suna zama a wani babban yanki. Hakanan mahimmin ma'auni a cikin ƙayyade mazaunin shine kasancewar tushen abinci.
Yankuna na Ussuri raccoons:
- Rasha;
- Sweden;
- Poland;
- Romania;
- Estonia;
- Faransa;
- Latvia
Da farko, dabbobin suna rayuwa ne a yankin Amur, a yankin arewacin China, a cikin kogin Ussuri, a zirin Koriya, a tsibirin Hokaido da Handyu. A cikin 30-40 na karni na 20, masana'antar furfura ta fara haɓaka rayayye a kan yankin USSR. Dangane da wannan, an halicci gonakin dabbobi a yankuna da yawa na Rasha, inda ake kiwo dabbobi don samun fur mai mahimmanci. A wannan lokacin ne aka shigo da karnukan raccoon zuwa kasashen Turai. Sun bazu cikin sauri a ƙasashe da yawa.
A cikin kasashen Scandinavia, raccoon ana daukar sa a matsayin kwaro da kuma kamuwa da cutuka masu hadari. Akwai matakan ci gaba da aiwatarwa don iyakance tasirin su ga mahalli. A yankunan arewacin Rasha, dabbobi ba za su iya samun tushe ba saboda tsananin yanayi. Koyaya, jama'a sun yawaita a yankuna Turai na ƙasar.
Menene karnukan beraye ke ci?
Photo: Raccoon kare dabba
Karnukan Raccoon dabbobi ne masu farauta kuma asalin abincin su shine abincin dabbobi. Ussuri raccoons galibi bashi da tabbas kuma yana da saurin magana. Bayan su kuma akwai sha'awar bi da dabarun farauta. Dabbobi ana daukar su kusan dabbobi masu komai.
Abin da ke cikin abincin dabbobi:
- Rodananan rodents - gerbils, mice, voles;
- Kifi;
- Tsuntsaye - kayan kwalliyar katako, baƙar fata, masu saran itace, da dai sauransu;
- Kwan tsuntsaye;
- Tsutsayen kwari;
- Kwari - ƙwayoyin dung, masoya ruwa, masu iyo;
- 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari,' ya'yan itace;
- Iri iri daban-daban;
- Amphibians shine amfanin kwadi.
Karnukan Raccoon suna da damar kama babban kifi, amma galibi wannan yakan faru ne a kusa da bakin teku ko kuma cikin busasshen jikin ruwa.
Lokacin da ba'a samo abincin asalin dabbobi ba, waɗannan canines zasu iya biyan yunwar su da nau'ikan tsire-tsire iri-iri. Wadannan na iya zama kwararan fitila, 'ya'yan itace, Tushen, tsaba. Suna cin abinci tare da hatsi mai daɗi, kwayoyi, 'ya'yan itatuwa, kankana. Zaɓin tushen abinci ya dogara da yanayi. Duk abin da za a iya ci a wani lokaci na shekara, dabbobi na cin abinci da annashuwa.
Karnukan Raccoon suna da hanji mai tsayi, kananun da ba su ci gaba ba da kuma lalatattun leda.
Dabbobi na iya canza mazauninsu, suna motsa dubun kilomita da yawa don neman abinci. Idan babu tushen abinci, baya kyamar rarar abinci da mushe, da kuma rubabben kifi. A lokacin bazara, raccoons suna farautar gidajen tsuntsaye kuma suna cin ƙwai da yawa. A lokacin bazara, suna buƙatar abinci mai yawa don adana mai mai yawa don hunturu. Duk da yake dabba na iya cin kusan komai, rabin abincin ya zama abincin dabbobi.
Don neman abinci, raccoons suna bincika yankin a hankali, suna kallon ƙarƙashin bishiyoyi, busasshiyar itace, hemp, gami da daji mai yawa. A lokacin hunturu, idan dusar ƙanƙara ta faɗi, rakoran Ussuri suna tsayar da doguwar tafiya don neman abinci. ,Ananan ,anansu, gajerun kafafu suna zubewa a cikin dusar ƙanƙara, yana hana su motsi nesa.
Fasali na ɗabi'a da salon rayuwa
Photo: Raccoon kare Rasha
Dabbar tana jagorancin salon rayuwa, yana zaɓar wani yanki. Mafi sau da yawa, yankin shafin don mazaunin ɗayan girma yana da murabba'in kilomita 7-11. Dabbar tana barinta ne kawai lokacin da aka bata yankin saboda ambaliyar bazara, ko kuma idan ba zai yuwu a sami isasshen abinci ba. Wasu lokuta yankuna suna juyewa. Koyaya, a cikin yunƙurin kare yankinsu, dabbobi ba sa nuna ta'adi.
Ayyuka da salon rayuwar beran daji ya dogara da yawan abinci, yawaitar magabta a wani yanki, da yanayin canjin yanayi. A mafi yawan lokuta, sun fi kowa dare. Da rana yakan buya a cikin rami, da dare sai ya tafi farauta ko neman abinci. A lokacin rana, yana nuna halaye ne kawai yayin lokacin aure. Idan na tsawon lokaci dabbar bata lura da mutane na kusa ba ko makiya masu farauta, yana iya zama mai karfin gwiwa da nuna halin ko da wayewar gari.
Mafi yawancin lokuta yana motsawa tare da matakan ƙarawa, wani lokacin yana juyawa zuwa maƙarƙashiya. Lokacin da haɗari ya gabato, dodon zai iya yin gudu a tsalle, amma ba zai iya ci gaba da sauri ba. Yankunan dausayi, da yashi, zurfin yaɗuwar dusar ƙanƙara babbar matsala ce kuma hani ne da dabbar ba zata iya jurewa ba. Rami kawai ke taimakawa wajen kubuta daga fitina a cikin irin wannan yanayin. Ussuri raccoon kyakkyawa ne mai iyo.
Yana zaune galibi a cikin ramuka. Don rayuwa na iya amfani da burbushin sauran dabbobi. Hakanan ana iya amfani da duwatsu a cikin duwatsu, bishiyoyi, da raƙuman ruwa a cikin ƙasa mai ruwa. Ana amfani da tarin ganyaye, ciyawa ko bambaro a matsayin mafaka na ɗan gajeren lokaci. Zai iya zama da yawa irin waɗannan gidaje na wucin gadi. Na dindindin, kuma mafi mahimmanci, mahalli yana zama matsuguni don lokacin hunturu, wuri don nitsewa cikin rashin kwanciyar hankali, da kuma haihuwar cubasan. Daban-daban dangantaka ci gaba tsakanin mutane na daban-daban jinsi.
Nau'o'in dangantaka tsakanin maza da mata:
- Samuwar ma'aurata tsawon lokacin aure don kiwo da kiwon zuriya;
- Mace da miji ba sa rabuwa shekara guda;
- Ma'aurata masu lalata da jinsi suna haɗuwa da juna a tsawon rayuwarsu;
- Ba tare da la'akari da nau'in alakar ba, tsawon lokacin jeren dabbobin, dabbobi suna farauta da kokarin kare kansu daga abokan gaba.
Abin mamaki shine, raccoons na Ussuri sune kawai membobin gidan canine waɗanda suke hibernate. Wannan ingancin yana basu damar jure sanyi da sanyin hunturu cikin sauki. Ana farawa a tsakiyar, ko a ƙarshen Oktoba, farkon Nuwamba kuma ya ƙare a Maris.
Dabbobin da ba su iya yin nauyi sosai ba, ba sa yin bacci, haka kuma mazaunan waɗancan yankuna da damuna ke da dumi da ƙanƙara.
Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa
Photo: Baby raccoon kare
Lokacin farawa na auratayya ya dogara da yanayin canjin yankin da dabbobin suke. Mafi yawan lokuta yakan fara ne a farkon Maris kuma yana ƙarewa zuwa ƙarshen Afrilu. Tare da farkon yanayin sanyi ko sanyi, ana canza shi zuwa wani lokaci na gaba kafin farawar zafi. A dabi'ance, masu cin gashin fuskoki suna auren mace daya. An halicci ma'aurata galibi a cikin kaka. Maza sau da yawa suna gwagwarmaya don haƙƙin saduwa da mace.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa. Lokacin da ake kiwo a cikin fursuna, suna nuna auren mata daya, kuma namiji guda daya zai iya yin aure tare da mata da yawa lokaci guda.
Zafin mace na daga kwanaki da yawa zuwa sati daya. Tsarin kwanciya yana faruwa galibi a lokutan duhu na yini. Bayan kwanaki 5-7 bayan ƙarshen lokacin auratayya, mata za su sake yin sanyin jiki. Lokacin haihuwa shine watanni 2-2.5. Mace daya zata iya haihuwar yara 5 zuwa 15. Ana ƙayyade yawan 'ya' yan ta hanyar uwar mai. Ciyarwa, kiyayewa da kiwon 'ya'ya aiki ne na mahaifa na haɗin gwiwa, kuma suna yin sa a kan madaidaici. Ana haihuwar zuriyar mafi yawanci a ƙarshen bazara ko farkon bazara.
Ana haihuwar jarirai makaho. Jikinsu yana lulluɓe da laushi, mai taushi da kauri. Nauyin kwikwiyo ɗaya shine gram 50-100. A haihuwa, puan kwikwiyo na namiji sun fi girma. Idanun suna buɗewa bayan kwanaki 7-10, kuma bayan 2-3 haƙoran suka ɓullo. Matasa suna shayar da madarar uwa har tsawon wata ɗaya - biyu. Daga makonni uku zuwa hudu, suna fara cin kwari, larvae, kwadi da beraye, waɗanda iyayensu ke ci. Suna haɓaka kuma suna samun nauyi da sauri.
Sun isa balagar jima'i ta watanni 10-11. Tsammani na rayuwa a cikin yanayin halitta shine shekaru 4-6, cikin ƙangi kusan ya ninka.
Abokan gaba na karnukan raccoon
Photo: Raccoon kare dabba
Akwai wasu 'yan makiya da ke rayuwa a cikin yanayin kare kare. Kyarketai zasu iya kai musu hari, waɗanda ake ɗauka manyan abokan gaba na raccoon. Bugu da kari, lynxes, karnukan daji ko batattu, da manyan karnukan suna yin barazana ga yawan dabbobi.
Babbar barazanar dabbobi ita ce mutane. Yana wargaza dodon ruwa da adadi mai yawa saboda gashinsa mai tamani. Jawo yana da ƙarfi sosai, haka kuma yana da ƙasa da yawa. Farauta ga dabbobi galibi ana aiwatar da su ne da dare, ko a lokacin sanyi, suna bin waƙoƙi a cikin dusar ƙanƙara. Farauta sau da yawa ya ƙunshi karnuka, wanda ba shi da wahala a sami mazaunin ƙaramin mai farauta.
Yawan jama'a da matsayin jinsin
Photo: Raccoon kare
Ana ɗaukar kare raccoon a matsayin dabba gama gari, wanda a yau ba shi da barazanar hallaka.
Koyaya, a wasu ƙasashe, ana lalata dabbobi saboda becauseaƙƙarfan furus ɗin ko cutarwar da suke haifarwa. Masu cin gashin Furry suna iya kamuwa da cututtuka daban-daban. Cututtuka suna yaduwa musamman a lokacin sanyi. Dabbobi suna fama da cututtukan parasites, piroplasmosis, tarin fuka, cutar sankara, rabies.
Ussuri raccoon kyakkyawa ce dabba. A halin yanzu, babu abin da ke yi masa barazana. Raccoon kare sau da yawa ɗan adam yana gida gida, a wasu lokuta ma ya dace da horo. Rayuwa a cikin bauta tare da kyakkyawan kulawa da isasshen abinci mai gina jiki na iya rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 15.
Ranar bugawa: 02.03.2019
Ranar da aka sabunta: 15.09.2019 a 19:04
