Yana da wuya a yi tunanin yadda ƙarama da kyakkyawar halitta take shafa, mai farauta ne mai saurin tsoro, kuma mafi kankanta a duk duniya. Weasel na gidan weasel ne. A dabi'ance, sam ba ta da kauna. Me yasa dabbar tana da irin wannan suna har yanzu abin asiri ne. Wataƙila yana dogara ne akan bayyananniyar bayyanar wannan dabba mafi ban sha'awa.
Asalin jinsin da bayanin
Hotuna: Laska
Yin balaguro cikin tarihi, yana da kyau a lura cewa a cikin Daular Rome da Turai na da, an fara weasel a matsayin dabbar dabba, wacce ta kasance farautar marasa bera. Daga baya, an maye gurbinsa da kuliyoyi da kuliyoyi, wannan ya faru, ga alama, saboda dabbar ba ta zama ta gida gaba ɗaya ba kuma ba za ta iya jurewa da manyan berayen da suka mamaye biranen a lokacin ba.
Weasel - ƙaramin mai farauta, yana cikin jinsin da ake kira Weasels da Ferrets. Tana zaune ne a arewacin duniya, tana zaune a duk nahiyoyinta. Nauyin maza a cikin ƙananan lokuta ya wuce gram 250, kuma mata suna da ƙasa da yawa. Adadin weasel yana da tsayi da kyau. Jinsunan da ke rayuwa a kasashe daban-daban sun dan bambanta da juna a yanayin halayyar waje.
Za'a iya bambanta nau'ikan waɗannan dabbobin:
- weasel na kowa;
- dogon weasel;
- Weasel na Amazoniyanci;
- Weasel na Colombia;
- farin weasel weasel;
- takalmi mai takalmi;
- Arewacin Afirka;
- Afirka ta Kudu weasel;
- patagonian weasel.
Zamu ci gaba da kasancewa a kan sifofin waje na weasel na yau da kullun dalla-dalla, kuma yanzu zamu ba da wasu siffofin keɓaɓɓu na wasu nau'in. Weasel mai tsayi yana zaune a Arewacin Amurka da arewacin Kudancin. Wannan nau'in ya banbanta a cikin manyan girma daga 23 zuwa 35 cm, kuma nauyin zai iya kaiwa zuwa gram 340. Daga sama, yana da launi mai ruwan kasa, kuma cikin ciki fari ne da rawaya.
A lokacin hunturu, tana canza gashin gashinta zuwa na farin-dusar ƙanƙara, amma ƙarshen jelarta har yanzu baƙi ne.
Weasel na Amazonia ya zauna a Brazil da gabashin Peru. Launinsa launin ruwan kasa-ja, ƙasa da launi ya fi haske a baya. Yana da baƙaƙen fata wanda yake gudana tare da cikin duka. Afafun irin wannan weasel ɗin suna tsirara. Girman kuma babba ne - kusan 32 cm a tsayi. Ana samun weasel na Colombia a cikin tsaunukan Colombia. Ya fi ƙasa da na baya. Tsawon ya kai cm 22. Launin ya fi tsanani, cakulan mai duhu, da rawaya a ƙasa. Yana da membran a kan ƙafafunsa.
Bidiyo: Laska
Farar-weas weasel mazaunin Indochina da Nepal ne. A saman yana da launi na cakulan, an yi masa ado tare da ɗamarar haske mai shimfiɗawa tare da bayanta duka. A leben sama, ƙugu da wuya, gashinta yana da haske. An rarrabe wannan dabba ta wutsiya mai taushi sosai. Asafafun weasel yana zaune a kudu maso gabashin Asiya. Mai farauta yana da ban sha'awa saboda launi mara kyau. Launi ce mai haske (ja), kuma kan ta fari.
Sunan yana nuna inda weasel na Arewacin Afirka yake. Yana jan hankali tare da launi mai ban mamaki da ƙara shaginess. Launin dabbar na da baki da fari. Bakin bakin baki tare da farin launi yana tsaye musamman da kyau. Weasel na Afirka ta Kudu yana zaune a cikin wurare mafi bushe. Dabbar tana da girma sosai. Yana da nauyin daga 250 zuwa 350 g kuma yana da tsayi har zuwa cm 35. Wannan weasel ɗin ma yana da launi mai ban sha'awa sosai. Bayan dabbar an jera shi da ratsin baƙi da fari, kuma ɓangaren sama na kai yana nuna sanye da farin hula. Launin ƙasa baƙar fata ne.
Patagonian weasel yana zaune a Chile da Argentina. Launinta, akasin haka, yana da haske a saman - m-launin toka, da ƙasa - launin ruwan kasa. Tsawon zai iya zuwa cm 35. Kamar yadda kake gani, a cikin jinsuna daban-daban, launin gashi da girma sun ɗan bambanta, wannan ya shafi mazauninsu na dindindin, amma siffofin gaba ɗaya a cikin dukkan nau'ikan halittar da tsarin jikinsu, ba shakka, iri ɗaya ne.
Bayyanar abubuwa da fasali
Hotuna: Weasel na dabbobi
Amma ga weasel gama gari, yana da ƙarami kaɗan. Maza suna da tsawon 160 zuwa 260, kuma mata daga 111 zuwa 212 mm. Weasel kuma yana da nauyi kaɗan: maza - daga 60 zuwa 250 g, kuma mata - daga 30 zuwa 108. Jikin dabbar yana da tsayi da kyau, a kan gajerun ƙananan ƙafa, ɗauke da makamai masu kaifi.
Kan yana karami, lokacin da ka kalli weasel, abin lura ne cewa wuyan sa yafi karfi da fadi fiye da kai. Kunnuwan dabba suna zagaye, idanun kanana ne, zagaye, kamar bakin kyalli masu kyalli. Yanayi bai saka wa weasel da laushi mai laushi da doguwa ba, don haka tana da karami ƙwarai - daga 1.5 zuwa 8 cm. Launin wutsiyar koyaushe daidai yake da na baya. Arkashin jelar weasel, gland na musamman suna ɓoye, suna fitar da ƙamshi mai ɗaci, wanda yake alamar yankinsa.
Launin gashin gashin dabbar yana canzawa a lokuta daban-daban na shekara. A lokacin bazara, bayan weasel daga launin ruwan kasa mai haske zuwa duhu cakulan, kuma cikin yana da haske - fari ko ɗan rawaya. A lokacin hunturu, weasel ya sami farin gashi mai fararen dusar ƙanƙara, wanda kawai baƙon idanunsa masu ban sha'awa ke fita a kansa. A cikin rani da damuna duka, fur din ya kasance mai kauri, amma a lokacin hunturu rigar ta fi tsayi kuma gashi sun fi yawa. Canza tsarin launi na sutura yana taimaka weasel don inganta kyamara da kasancewa ba a sani ba a wasu lokuta na shekara.
Masana ilmin namun daji sun lura cewa weasel tare da bayanansa na waje yayi kama da ermine, kawai shine ya fi girma girma.
A ina weasel ke rayuwa?
Hotuna: Weasel na dabbobi
Ana iya samun weasel a duk nahiyoyin da ke arewacin duniya.
Tana zaune:
- a cikin Eurasia;
- a Arewacin Amurka;
- a yankin Arewa maso yammacin Afirka.
Wannan karamin mai farautar ya yadu a yankuna da dama sosai. A cikin ƙasarmu, ana iya ganin wannan mafarautan da ba shi da nutsuwa ko'ina, in banda manyan tsaunuka da suka dusar ƙanƙara da kuma arctic. A waɗancan wuraren da ƙananan beraye suke zaune, mai kashe su kuma ya zauna a wurin. Weasel yana zaune ne a cikin dazuzzuka, yankuna masu tudu, gandun daji, tundra, a yankuna masu bushewar hamada, a cikin tsaunuka da wuraren dausayi, kusa da gaɓoɓin ruwan har ma kusa da mazaunin mutane. Dabbar ma ba ta tsoron manyan biranen, inda kuma za ta iya haduwa.
Weasel baya gina tsari na musamman na rayuwa. Tana iya ɗaukar abin sha'awa zuwa sito, wani tsohon rami na ɗan sanda, ramin da aka watsar. Ko mai katako ma na iya zama mafakar ta. Weasel ya dogara ne tsakanin duwatsu, manyan bishiyoyi, a cikin kango daban-daban. Weasel yana ɗaukaka mafakarsa, yana lulluɓe su da ganshin fure, dazuzzuka da bishiyoyi.
Abu ne mai ban sha'awa cewa a cikin yankin inda dabbar take rayuwa, lallai tana da irin waɗannan matsugunai da yawa. Yana hango duk wannan a gaba, idan akwai haɗari. Idan ba zato ba tsammani wani ya tayar da hankali ko tsoratar da wear, za ta koma wani gida. Dabbobi suna yin taka tsan-tsan musamman a lokacin ciyar da 'ya'yansu.
Menene weasel ke ci?
Photo: Weasel a cikin dusar ƙanƙara
Abincin da aka fi so na mai farauta, wanda za ta iya gajiyawa har tsawon dare, shi ne kowane irin ɓeraye. Ta hallaka su babu tausayi ba kuma da yawa. Weasel shima baya kyamar shrews, ragowar manyan dabbobi. Iya kama ƙananan tsuntsaye. Tana son shan ƙwai, yin rami a cikin harsashi da haƙoranta masu kaifi. Weasel kuma yana jimre wa beraye, hamsters, jerboas, moles, zomaye. Ci kadangaru, macizai, kwari, kwadi, yana son kifi. Wannan mafarautan kaji kawai yana kauna ne, don neman abin da take gutsiran gidajen kaji.
Weasel ɗan iska ne, mai ƙarfi, mai ƙarfi, mai farauta. Tana motsawa cikin ban mamaki a cikin rawanin bishiyoyi, tana iyo sosai, tana gudu da sauri, don haka farautarta koyaushe yana da amfani sosai. Saboda kankantar sa, weasel din yakan hau ramin abin farautarsa sai ya ciccike shi daidai cikin gidansa. Wasu lokuta weasel yana cin abincinsa daidai wurin da aka aikata laifin, amma sau da yawa yana iya jan shi zuwa gidansa don nutsuwa don cin abinci.
Wasu lokuta wanda aka azabtar yana da nauyi sosai, amma wannan baya dakatar da so, yana da ƙarfi kuma har yanzu yana jan shi zuwa yankin sa. Weasel yana kashe abin da aka kama da kyau, tare da haƙoransa masu kaifi, yana cizon ta bayan kwanyar. Idan maharbi ya sami cikakkun dangin bera a ɓoye, ba za ta huta ba har sai ta gama da shi gaba ɗaya. Koda weasel din ya cika, yana ci gaba da farauta, yana kirkirar dukkanin rumbunan ajiyar berayen da aka kashe a cikin dukiyarta. Irin wannan samfurin na iya ƙunsar har zuwa 30 ko fiye da berayen da aka kashe. Abun farin ciki, akwai matsuguni da yawa akan yankin dabbar, kuma tana amfani da ɗayansu azaman ɗakin ajiya.
Fasali na ɗabi'a da salon rayuwa
Photo: Laska a lokacin rani
Girman yankin da weasel yake zaune na iya zuwa kadada 10, amma galibi suna da ƙanƙanta sosai. Tunda dabbar tana da kuzari, da kazar-kazar, jajirtacciya, kuma tana da taurin kai, a sauƙaƙe za ta iya nemo wa kanta abinci a ƙaramin yanki. Weasels na iya samar da yankuna gaba ɗaya, amma galibi suna rayuwa su kaɗai.
Dabbobi sun fi son a zauna da su, ba sa son barin wuraren aikinsu na dindindin. Namiji ya yi wannan lokacin da yake neman abokiyar aure.
Weasel ya fi son yin farauta da yamma da dare, amma dabbar tana aiki ba dare ba rana. Irin wannan mahimmin kuzarin, a gaba, ana iya hassada kawai. Waɗannan masu farautar suna da saurin ladabi, masu rai kuma masu taurin kai. Suna motsawa cikin ƙananan tsalle. Dabba na iya rufewa zuwa kilomita 2 a kowace rana. Abun da weasel yayi shine azumin walƙiya kawai, don ƙaramin sanda yana riƙe da kisa.
Zai zama kamar tana amfanar mutum ne kawai, ba tare da ɓarnatar da gungun ɓeraye ba, amma mutane da kansu suna tsoron wannan ɗan fashin. Gaskiyar ita ce, weasel na iya ziyartar gidan kajin, za a iya kashe kajin, kuma tana son kaji kawai. Akwai abubuwan da suka faru yayin da weasel ta saci kifin da masunta suka kama. Wannan yana faruwa ne kawai lokacin da mai farauta ya rasa abinci a cikin daji.
Zamu iya cewa halin wannan dabba mai zaman kanta ne, mai saurin fushi ne kuma mai kwarjini. Yanayin rayuwa yana da kuzari sosai. Gabaɗaya, dabi'a ta auna ta ba tsawan rai ba, shekaru biyar ne kawai, amma weasel ya mutu da wuri, sau da yawa, tun kafin ya kai shekara, don haka wannan jaririn da ba za a iya gajiyawa ba yana buƙatar yin abubuwa da yawa. Weasel yana rayuwa kadan saboda dukkan nau'ikan maharan da ke kai masa hari, cututtuka daban-daban, da mutane, waɗanda tarkonsu ya faɗa cikin haɗari.
Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa
Photo: Weasel a cikin gandun daji
Lokacin saduwa da weasel yawanci a watan Maris ne, amma zai iya ci gaba duk shekara idan akwai abinci da yawa da kuma yanayi masu kyau. Wadannan dabbobin basa kirkirar iyalai masu karfi. A lokacin saduwar aure, namiji yakan hada mace sama da daya, wacce ita kadai ke kula da zuriyarta. Lokacin haihuwa shine kimanin wata daya. Mahaifiyar mai ciki ta shirya gida mai daɗi ga jariranta, ta cinye shi da gado mai ciyawa tare da ganye da gansakuka.
Weasel tana haihuwar 4a 4a 4 zuwa 10, waɗanda basu da komai kwata-kwata kuma suna da ƙanƙani ƙwarai, nauyinsu gram ɗaya da rabi ne kawai, makaho ne gaba ɗaya kuma an rufe shi da haske. Sa'annan an maye gurbin gashi ƙasa tare da halayyar launin rani. Theananan yara suna saurin samun ƙarfi. Da makonni uku, idanunsu sun fara gani sarai, haƙoran madara suna bayyana, kuma suna yin sautunan ban sha'awa.
Idan wata barazana ta bayyana a sararin samaniya, to uwar weasel da gaba gaɗi tana kare heran uwanta. Idan akwai irin wannan damar, to sai ta ja yaran zuwa wani gida, saboda koyaushe tana da da yawa daga cikinsu.
Zuwa makonni huɗu, jariran sun riga suna cin abincin da mahaifiya ta kama kuma ta yayyaga. Da makonni biyar, yara da kansu sun fara yankan beraye. Kuma a cikin makonni bakwai, ƙananan weasels sun riga sun fara farautar farko. Har sai jariran sun bar mahaifiyarsu, suna bin ta, suna yin nazari da nazarin yankin da ke kewaye, suna kallon yadda uwar ke farauta. A hankali, samari da samari suna fara rayuwa mai zaman kanta, suna nemo yankunansu don zama.
Abokan gaba na dabbobin gida
Hotuna: Weasel na dabbobi
Dimananan matakan weasel, a gefe ɗaya, suna sa shi cikin haɗari ga sauran manyan dabbobin da ke cin nasara, kuma a ɗaya bangaren, suna taimaka masa don tserewa daga gare su. Weasel mai hankali ne, mai sauri kuma ba shi da tsoro, saboda haka ba abu ne mai sauƙin kama shi ba. Wannan ƙaramin mai farautar yana fuskantar barazanar kerkeci, diloli, badgers, gaggafa na zinariya, mikiya, mujiya ta mikiya, karnukan raccoon, pens martens har ma da karnuka gama gari.
Bayan saduwa da abokin gaba, weasel ba ta tunanin dainawa, sai ta yi jaruntaka don kare rayuwarta da na yaranta. Sau da yawa, weasel yana cizo daidai cikin maƙogwaron wanda yake rashin lafiyarsa kuma yana iya fita daga faɗa tare da babban mai farauta, mai nasara. Akwai lokuta lokacin da weasel din ya mutu sakamakon murkushe shi da gawar babbar dabba, amma ba ta mutu ita kaɗai ba, maƙiyanta masu nauyi kuma sun sha kashi, jaririn ya yi nasarar cinye maƙogwaronsa.
Mutane ba sa yin wata barazana ga soyayya. Ba a gudanar da farautar kasuwanci ga wannan dabba, fatarta ba ta da girma ga wannan. Wasu lokuta weasel kanta na iya fadawa cikin tarkon da mafarauta suka sanya a kan dabbobi mabanbanta. Ga mutane, wannan dabba tana kawo fa'idodi na zahiri, yana hallaka beraye da yawa. Akwai bayanin da mutum ɗaya yake kashewa daga ƙananan rodents dubu biyu zuwa uku a kowace shekara. Girman ma'auni ne kawai!
Yawan jama'a da matsayin jinsin
Hotuna: Farar weasel
Babu wata barazana ga yawan weasel a wannan lokacin. Dabbar ta yadu sosai a kasashe da nahiyoyi daban-daban. Kamar yadda aka riga aka ambata, wannan ɗan farautar ba shi da sha'awar mafarauta. Idan ta mutu a cikin tarko, to kwatsam ba zato ba tsammani. Naman weasel ma ba a amfani da shi don abinci.
Har yanzu, ƙaramin girman yana wasa a ƙashin wannan dabba. Godiya a gare shi, yana da wahala ga dabbobi su sami weasel, kuma mutane, kamar ganima, ba sa bukatarta. Masana ilmin namun daji suna kira ga mutane da su girmama wannan dabba cikin girmamawa, saboda babu wanda zai riga shi zuwa wajen kashe kwarin bera, wanda weasel ke lalata dubbai.
Dangane da rarrabuwa na duniya, wannan karamin mai farautar ana sanya shi azaman nau'in dabbobin da basu da rauni a halin yanzu. Yankin ƙasarta yana da girma. Yawan kwayar bera da beraye na iya haifar da wani haɗari ga weasel. Cin waɗancan berayen waɗanda suka riga sun ɗanɗana guba, weasel ɗin kansa na iya mutuwa. Duk da haka, irin wannan barazanar ba ta da nauyi. Yawan weasel yana da karko sosai, babu tsalle-tsalle ta hanyar raguwa kaɗan, ko karuwar ba a lura ba, babu buƙatar damuwa da ɓacewarsa, kamar yadda masana kimiyya ke faɗi.
Weasel babban ɗakunan ajiya ne na kuzari, kuzari, ƙarfin zuciya, sassauci, karamci, sadaukarwa, himma, azanci.
Jerin ba shi da iyaka, wannan karamar dabba tana da ban mamaki da ban sha'awa. Yana da wahala ayi imani da cewa irin wannan gagarumin karfi da rashin biyan bukata, 'yanci da karfin gwiwa, azama da aiki tare sun kasance cikin karamar karamar jikin.
Da yawa labari, yarda da imani game da wannan dabba mai ban mamaki. Wasu mutane suna girmamawa da girmama ƙauna, suna ɗaukarsa alamar farin ciki da ci gaba, wasu, akasin haka, suna jin tsoro, suna gaskanta cewa yana kawo matsala. Ala kulli halin, wannan dabbar tana da matukar sha'awa tun zamanin da. Kuma kusan kowa ya sani game da fa'idarsa a wargaza kwari. Weasel Yana da matukar amfani ga yanayinmu, fa'idodinsa suna da girma kuma ba su da kima .. Anan zamu iya amincewa da sanannen sanannen karin maganar - "sparamin matattara, amma ƙaunatacce."
Ranar bugawa: 09.02.2019
Ranar da aka sabunta: 16.09.2019 a 15:57
