Chameleons (Chamaeleonidae) wakilai ne na dangin kadangaru, waɗanda aka dace da su daidai da yadda suke gudanar da rayuwar arboreal. Irin waɗannan halittu masu rarrafe suna iya canza launin jikinsu, wanda hakan ke sa basu da rauni, kuma ana samun kariya ta musamman daga makiya na asali a cikin yanayin yanayi.
Kwatancen hawainiya
Wani muhimmin sashi na jinsin yana da tsayin jiki a tsakanin 30 cm, amma manyan samfuran na iya kaiwa girman 50-60 cm, kuma mafi ƙarancin nau'in yana da jiki wanda bai fi 3-5 cm tsawo ba. Ana rarrabe hawainiya da dogayen ƙafa, waɗanda aka saba da su musamman don hawa.... Wutsiyar ta fi kauri a gindi, a hankali tana tafe zuwa karshen. Bangaren wutsiya, yana jujjuyawa zuwa ƙasa yana karkatawa a kusa da rassan bishiyoyi, yana da yawancin wakilai na babban dangin Chameleon.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Canjin launin jikin hawainiyar ya faru ne saboda yanayin fasalin fatar, da kuma kasancewar wasu rassa na musamman masu suna chromatophores.
Idon idanu a cikin dabba iri ne na hade, koyaushe suna rufe idanuwa, amma suna da buɗewa don wurin dalibin. Motsi na dama da hagu idanun dabbobi masu shayarwa na iya zama ba daidai ba, wanda yake da mahimmancin gaske yayin farautar kwari. Chameleons an rarrabe su da halayyar su ta hangen nesa da harshe, wanda ƙarshen sa sanye yake da tsotsewar farauta ta musamman.
Chameleon saya
A cikin gidajen gandun daji da ke siyar da kayan masarufi, a yau zaku iya siyan ba kawai wasu nau'ikan hawainiyar da aka fi sani da ita ba daga nau'in kiwo nasu, har ma da dabbobin dawa. A gabani, ana ba da shawarar don tabbatar da impeccable suna na shagon ko mai kiwo mai zaman kansa.
A hannaye, dabbar da aka samu bai kamata ya nuna halin ko in kula ba ko kuma ya zama mai kasala, kuma lafiyayyen mai rarrafe yana kare kansa daga duk wani "hari", yana kokarin cizon ko guduwa. A mataki na gaba, yana da mahimmanci a gudanar da gwajin gani na jiki, don tabbatar da cewa babu kumburi, raunuka da kumburi akan fatar. Aya daga cikin mahimman alamun kiwon lafiyar hawainiya shine launinsa, wanda ke tantance yanayin baƙon.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Lokacin da aka ajiye hawainiya a cikin yanayi mara kyau, motsin halittar dabbobi masu rarrafe yana lalacewa, yawan cin abinci ya zama an rasa ko kuma gaba daya, launi ya zama mara kyau ko kuma kwata-kwata ba ya iya zama wakilan wakilan.
Shirya wurin zama
Lokacin zabar wurin zama don hawainiya, kuna buƙatar mayar da hankali kan salon rayuwar dabba (arboreal ko terrestrial), da kuma halayenta. A cikin daji, irin wannan rarrafe yakan fi son itace da bishiyoyi, sau da yawa yakan zauna ne a cikin ramuka ba zurfin ƙasa ba.
Yakamata a bada kulawa ta musamman wajan shirya wurin ajje hawainiyar da hawainiyar Yemen, waɗanda suke da sauƙin kulawa, amma suna da girma sosai. A wannan yanayin, gida na musamman da aka saya daga shagon dabbobi ko tsohuwar akwatin kifaye na wadataccen ƙila na iya zama gida.
Ofayan mahimman yanayi don cikakken rayuwar ƙadangare na gida shine tabbatar da yanayin iska.... Danshi da ke makale a cikin farfajiyar yana haifar da ci gaban kwayoyin cuta na parasitic, wadanda suke da mummunan tasiri a kan lafiyar da tsawon rayuwar dabbar dabba. Karatun danshi ya zama kusan 60-80%.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Baya ga yin kwaikwayon murfin ciyawar da tsayi na halitta na itace, yana da matukar mahimmanci a kula da yanayin zafin jiki wanda ya dace a cikin terrarium: da rana a matakin 28-33 ° C da kusan 23 ° C da dare.
Ana ba da shawarar saita terrarium tare da abubuwa masu rarrafe masu tsayi sosai, a cikin mafi karancin wurin, saboda karuwar hawan hawainiya don damuwa da rashi na abinci. A cikin gidan mai rarrafe mai ƙarancin zafi, ana samar da yanki mai zafi. A saboda wannan dalili, an gina fitila mai ƙwanƙwasawa, ƙarfin ta kusan 40-60 watts. Kyakkyawan sakamako shine shigar da matsi mai zafi na musamman.
Gyara abinci
A cikin mazauninsu na gargajiya, hawainiya 'yan farauta ne da ke ciyar da dabbobi da kwari iri-iri, waɗanda dabbobi masu rarrafe ke farautar su da dogon harshe mai ɗanko. Tushen abincin hawainiya yana wakiltar marasa haɗari, masu yawo da masu rarrafe, gami da:
- Zhukov;
- gizo-gizo;
- kudaje;
- malam buɗe ido;
- mazari;
- ciyawar ciyawa;
- fara.
Wasu manyan dabbobi masu rarrafe kuma suna cin kadangaru, beraye, da ƙananan tsuntsaye. Lokacin da aka ajiye shi a cikin ɗaki, yakamata dabbobi da shuke-shuke su wakilci tushen abincin ɗan dabbar dabba. A rana, dabbobi masu rarrafe na iya cin kusan kwari 5-10, wanda yawansu ya dogara da yawan ci da bukatun dabbobi.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Dabbobi masu rarrafe kusan basu san yadda ake sha daga kowane kwantena ba, amma yana da karfin shan ruwa ta hanyar sirinji, pipette ko wani fanfo na musamman, kuma hawainiya suna ba da fifiko na musamman ga ruwan 'ya'yan itace da kuma ruwan zuma wanda ba mai da hankali ba.
Abincin asalin shuke-shuke yana ba ku damar sake cika danshi a jikin hawainiya kuma ya wadatar da shi tare da mahimman bitamin. Hakanan, kyawawan ganyayyaki na bishiyoyi daban-daban da bawon bishiyoyi, wasu icya fruitsan itace masu anda andan itace da kayan lambu, gami da kiwi, ayaba da persimmons, graa graan inabi, cherries, apples and pears, kankana da kankana, suna zama abinci. Kayan lambu mai laushi, 'ya'yan itacen citrus, ganye da koren latas ana cin su da kyau.
Hawainiyar hawainiya a gida
Masana sun ba da shawarar shigar da fitilar UV a cikin terrarium don ingantaccen jan ƙwayoyin dabbobi... Tabbataccen kulawar gida don dabbobi masu rarrafe ya haɗa da shigar da irin wannan fitilar na awanni da yawa a rana. Idan ya cancanta, yana yiwuwa a maye gurbin cikakken fitilar gargajiya (tare da hasken UVA / UVB) tare da sunbathing yayin ɗan gajeren tafiya a waje.
Don sauƙaƙe kula da abubuwa masu rarrafe da tsabtace terrarium, ana ba da shawarar a jera gindinta da gutsutsuren kwakwa. Hakanan zaka iya amfani da ciyawar roba, yashi, sphagnum ko vermiculite na yau da kullun azaman shimfidar ƙasa.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Ya kamata a tuna cewa mace da namiji ne kawai za a iya ajiye su a cikin terrarium guda ɗaya, tun da yake kusan mazan za su kusan faɗa koyaushe don raba yankin.
Don samun iska, ana yin ramuka a bangon terrarium, kuma dole ne a rufe ɓangaren na sama tare da shinge na filastik. Janar tsaftacewa ana yin sau biyu a wata.
Lafiya, cuta da rigakafi
Cutar hawainiya mafi yawan jama'a ita ce kamuwa da cutar ta hanyar abinci mara kyau ko ruwa mara kyau, sabili da haka, koda kuwa an cika yanayin tsaftace muhalli, ya zama dole a bincika lafiyar dabbobi masu rarrafe sau biyu a wata ta hanyar yin gwaji. Hakanan sau da yawa, dabbobi masu rarrafe suna kamuwa da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, waɗanda ake cirewa ta hanyar tiyata.
Cuta ta biyu da ta fi kowa yawa a tsakanin hawainiya ita ce cututtukan ƙashi na rayuwa, wanda ke faruwa yayin da ake samun ƙarin ruwa ko rashin alli, phosphorus, ko bitamin D3. Tare da irin wannan cututtukan cututtukan cuta, gabobin hannu suka sami karuwar rauni, lanƙwasa da karya. Hakanan, halayyar anorexia na harshe tana bayyana, wanda ke hana amfani da ruwa mai zaman kansa kuma yana haifar da mutuwar azaba na dabbar dabba.
Sau da yawa, hawainiya suna fama da rashin ruwa, wanda ke tattare da rashin nutsuwa da rashin cikakken abinci, gami da zubda idanun zardan ƙadangarun gida. Don guje wa irin waɗannan matsalolin, ya zama dole a samar wa dabba isasshen tsarin shanta ta hanyar ciyar da dabbobi masu rarrafe da ruwa mai tsafta daga bututun ruwa ko yayyafa musu ruwa da ciyayi a cikin farfajiyar.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Don hana cututtuka da yawa, ana ba da dabbar tare da cikakken abinci, tare da ƙarin bitamin na musamman da kuma ƙarin ma'adinai na asali.
Hakanan, masu mallakar dabbobi masu rarrafe na cikin gida galibi suna fuskantar damuwa wanda zai iya tashi yayin safarar hawainiya, fallasar dabbar dabbar zuwa sautuka masu tsauri ko mai tsauri.
Yana da matukar mahimmanci a kafa terrarium a wani yanki maras yawan jama'a, don kare gida mara kyau daga mummunan motsin rai, da kuma ɗaukar dabbobi masu rarrafe kamar yadda ba zai yiwu ba.
Sake haifuwa a gida
Hawainiyar Yamen na haihuwa cikin sauki a cikin yanayin gida, wanda saduwarsa ke faruwa a cikin awanni 24 bayan an dasa mata ga namiji. Mace mai ciki ta zama kore mai duhu, kusan baƙar fata, tare da zagaye mai haske rawaya rawaya. Bayan saduwa, mace mai zafin hali ta kori namiji daga kanta, kuma bayan kamar wata daya, kwanciya ya faru. Don wannan aikin ya sami nasara, ana sanya kwandon da aka cika da danshi mai laushi mai laushi a cikin terrarium don kwan ƙwai.
Ana shigar da ƙwai masu rarrafe a cikin karamin akwatin kifaye tare da vermiculite, tazarar tazarar 10 mm nesa ba kusa ba... A wannan lokacin, ya zama dole a kula da tsarin yanayin zafin rana da rana a matakin 28-29 ° C tare da faɗuwar dare zuwa 20-22 ° C. Dogaro da kiyaye yanayin shiryawa, ana haihuwar ƙananan hawainiya a cikin kusan watanni 4-9. Da shekara uku da haihuwa, dole ne maza su zauna a farfajiyoyi daban-daban.
Tafiya hawainiya, hulɗa
Hawainiya tabbas ba sa bukatar yawo a kullun, amma tafiye-tafiye na lokaci-lokaci suna da amfani ga dabbobi masu rarrafe na gida. Ana ba da shawarar yin tafiya da dabbobi masu rarrafe a cikin ƙaramin yanki mai shinge tare da tsire-tsire masu tsabta da kuma rashin cikakkun abubuwan da zasu cutar da dabbar.
Hakanan zai zama mai ban sha'awa:
- Hawainiyar Indiya
- Kadanganta
- Gama mai gemu
Bayan yawo, dole ne a binciko wanda ya dace. Zai fi kyau idan dabbobi masu rarrafe zasu kasance ba zafin rana ba, da safe ko da yamma.
Binciken mai shi
A yau, kiwo shuke-shuke masu ban sha'awa a gida suna da ban sha'awa sosai, kuma kiyaye dabbobi masu rarrafe na musamman ba ya haifar da wata matsala musamman ma ga masu farawa. Mallakar ɗabi'a mai son sani kuma mai son zaman jama'a, dabbobi masu rarrafe marasa kulawa cikin kulawa suna jan hankali tare da iyawa masu ban mamaki, waɗanda aka bayyana a canjin launi da ikon rufe idanuwansu lokacin da "suka harbe" da harshensu. A lokaci guda, canjin launi yana faruwa a cikin dakika 20-30, kuma rufe idanun yana ba da baƙon don kare idanun daga rauni.
Lafiyar dabbobi masu rarrafe yana da mummunan tasirin mummunan tasirin sauyin yanayi, da kuma zayyanawa da ƙananan yanayin zafi.... Hawainiya suna da kyakkyawan hangen nesa, kuma ji ba shi da ƙarfi, don haka dabbar tana buƙatar kariya daga haske mai haske. Ya kamata a tuna cewa nau'ikan hawainiya guda uku ne kawai ke jin daɗaɗa a cikin bauta kuma suna iya saurin daidaitawa zuwa microclimate a cikin terrarium.
Yana da ban sha'awa!Exterrarium na tsaye yana da mafi kyawun ƙarancin lita 100-120.
Hakanan kuna buƙatar kashe kuɗi akan fitilar UV da dumama iska a cikin gida. A cikin mazauninsu na gargajiya, exotics suna lasar ruwa daga rassa da ganye, saboda haka, babu buƙatar shigar da kwanon sha. Fesa cikin kejin da kwalba mai fesawa akai-akai. Rashin bin wannan dokar na iya haifar da mutuwar dabbar dabba daga rashin ruwa a jiki.
