An fassara Velociraptor (Velociraptor) daga Latin zuwa "mai saurin farauta". Irin waɗannan wakilai na jinsi an sanya su zuwa rukunin dinosaur masu cin nama masu ƙafa biyu daga ƙauyen Velociraptorin da dangin Dromaeosaurida. Nau'in nau'in ana kiran shi Velociraptor mongoliensis.
Bayanin Velociraptor
Dabbobi masu rarrafe kamar Lizard sun rayu a ƙarshen zamanin Cretaceous, kimanin shekaru miliyan 83-70 da suka gabata... An fara gano ragowar dinosaur mai farauta a yankin Jamhuriyar Mongolia. A cewar masana kimiyya, masu lura da kayan karami sun kasance mafi ƙanƙanta fiye da manyan wakilan rukunin gidan. Wadanda suka fi wannan maharan girman girman Dakotaraptors, Utaraptors da Achillobators. Koyaya, Velociraptors suma suna da halaye masu yawa na ci gaban jiki.
Bayyanar
Tare da sauran kayan masarufi, duk Velociraptors suna da yatsu huɗu a ƙafafun kafa na baya. Daya daga cikin wadannan yatsun ya kasance ba ci gaba ba ne kuma mai farauta bai yi amfani da shi ba yayin tafiyar, don haka kadangaru kawai ya taka manyan yatsu uku. Dromaeosaurids, gami da velociraptors, galibi ana amfani dashi kawai yatsun kafa na uku da na huɗu. Yatsun na biyu yana da ƙugu mai ƙarfi kuma mafi girma, wanda ya girma tsawon zuwa 65-67 mm (kamar yadda aka auna da gefen waje). A baya, ana ɗaukar irin wannan ƙwanan a matsayin babban makamin ɓarnar ɓarna, wanda ake amfani da shi don manufar kashewa sannan a raba ganima.
Ba da daɗewa ba, an sami tabbaci na gwaji don sigar cewa velociraptor ɗin ba ta amfani da irin wannan fika a matsayin ruwa, wanda aka bayyana ta hanyar kasancewar halayyar halayya sosai a gefen murfin ciki. Daga cikin wasu abubuwa, kaifin isa mai kaifi ba zai iya tsaga fatar dabbar ba, amma yana iya huda shi kawai. Wataƙila, ƙafafun sun yi aiki a matsayin nau'in ƙugiya, tare da taimakon abin da ƙadangaren mai farauta ya iya jingina ga abincinsa kuma ya riƙe shi. Zai yuwu cewa kaifin ƙafafun ƙafafu ya ba da damar abin farauta ya huda jijiyar mahaifa ko trachea.
Mafi mahimmanci makamin kisa a cikin kayan yakin Velociraptor shine wataƙila jaws, waɗanda aka kera su da kaifi da manyan hakora. Kwanyar Velociraptor bai fi nisan kwata mita ba. Kashin kan dabbar ya yi tsawo kuma ya lanƙwace zuwa sama. A kan ƙananan muƙamuƙi da babba, hakora 26-28 sun kasance, suna da banbanci a cikin yankan yankan sarkar. Hakoran suna da rata-sanan gibi da karkatarwa ta baya, wanda ke tabbatar da amintaccen riko da saurin ɓarke ganimar.
Yana da ban sha'awa! A cewar wasu masana binciken burbushin halittu, gano wuraren gyarawa na fikafikan sakandare na farko, halayyar tsuntsayen zamani, akan samfurin Velociraptor, na iya zama tabbatar da kasancewar larurar cikin kadangarun mai farautar.
Daga hangen nesa, ƙananan muƙamin Velociraptors yayi kamance da muƙamuƙan na Komodo mai kulawa, wanda ya ba maigidan damar sauƙaƙe sassa ko da kuwa daga ɗan farauta mai yawa. Dogaro da sifofin jikin muƙamuƙai, har zuwa kwanan nan, fassarar da aka gabatar game da rayuwar rayuwar ƙadangare mai farauta a matsayin mai farautar ƙananan farauta da alama ba zai yuwu ba a yau.
Kyakkyawan sassaucin cikin gida na wutsiyar Velociraptor ya ragu saboda kasancewar ƙarfafan ƙwarjiyoyi na kashin baya da ƙyallen jijiyoyi. Garawar ƙashi ne ya tabbatar da daidaituwar dabba bi da bi, wanda ke da mahimmanci musamman yayin aiwatar da gudu cikin sauri.
Girman Velociraptor
Velociraptors ƙananan dinosaur ne, har zuwa tsawon 1.7-1.8 m kuma basu fi 60-70 cm tsayi tare da nauyi cikin kilogiram 22... Duk da irin wannan ba girmansa ba sosai, halayyar tashin hankali irin wannan lalatacciyar dabbar a bayyane take kuma yawancin abubuwan da aka samo sun tabbatar da ita. Kwakwalwar Velociraptors, na dinosaur, tana da girma sosai, wanda ya nuna cewa irin wannan mai farautar yana daya daga cikin wayayyun wakilan Velociraptorin subfamily da dangin Dromeosaurida.
Salon rayuwa, hali
Masu bincike a ƙasashe daban-daban suna nazarin ragowar dinosaur da aka samo a lokuta daban-daban sun yi imanin cewa Velociraptors yawanci suna farauta shi kaɗai, kuma ba kasafai suke haɗuwa a ƙananan ƙungiyoyi don wannan dalili ba. A lokaci guda, maharbin ya shirya wa kansa ganima, daga nan kuma sai kadangarar mai farautar ta hau kan abincin. Idan wanda aka azabtar ya yi ƙoƙarin tserewa ko ɓoyewa a cikin wani irin matsuguni, to, babban filin jirgin zai bi ta da sauƙi.
Tare da duk wani yunƙuri na wanda aka azabtar don kare kansa, dinosaur mai farauta, a bayyane yake, galibi galibi ya fi son komawa baya, yana tsoron kada kai mai ƙarfi ko wutsiya su buge shi. A lokaci guda, velociraptors sun sami damar ɗaukar abin da ake kira jira da ganin ɗabi'a. Da zaran an ba wa maigidan dama, sai ya sake afka wa abincinsa, cikin hanzari da hanzari ya afka wa abincin da dukkan jikinsa. Bayan ya kama abin da ake so, Velociraptor yayi ƙoƙari ya kama ƙafafuwansa da haƙoransa zuwa yankin wuya.
Yana da ban sha'awa! A yayin gudanar da cikakken bincike, masana kimiyya sun sami damar samun waɗannan ƙimomin masu zuwa: saurin gudu na babban Velociraptor (Velociraptor) ya kai kilomita 40 / h.
A ƙa'ida, raunukan da mai farautar ya yi sun mutu, tare da haɗarin mummunan lahani ga manyan jijiyoyin jini da jijiyoyin dabba, wanda hakan ya haifar da mutuwar abin farautar. Bayan wannan, Velociraptors sun yage tare da kaifi masu hakora da farata, sannan kuma sun ci abincinsu. A lokacin irin wannan cin abincin, mai farautar ya tsaya a ƙafa ɗaya, amma ya sami damar daidaita daidaito. Lokacin tantance saurin da hanyar motsawar dinosaur, da farko, nazarin fasalin jikinsu, da sawun kafa, yana taimakawa.
Tsawon rayuwa
Velociraptors suna da cancanta a cikin jinsin gama gari, waɗanda aka rarrabe su ta hanyar motsa jiki, sirara da siraran jiki, gami da ƙanshi mai ƙanshi, amma yawan shekarunsu bai wuce shekaru dari ba.
Jima'i dimorphism
Tsarin jima'i na iya bayyana kansa cikin dabbobi, gami da dinosaur, a cikin halaye da yawa na halaye, kasancewar su a cikin Velociraptors a halin yanzu bashi da cikakkiyar shaidar kimiyya.
Tarihin ganowa
Velociraptors sun wanzu shekaru miliyan da yawa da suka gabata, a ƙarshen Cretaceous, amma yanzu akwai wasu nau'in:
- nau'in nau'in (Velociraptor mongoliensis);
- jinsunan Velociraptor osmolskae.
Cikakken cikakken bayanin nau'ikan nau'ikan mallakar Henry Osborne ne, wanda ya bayar da halaye irin na kadangaru a shekarar 1924, bayan ya yi cikakken bayani game da ragowar velociraptor da aka gano a watan Agusta 1923. Peter Kaizen ne ya gano kwarangwal din dinosaur na wannan nau'in a cikin jejin Gobi na Mongoliya.... Abin lura shine gaskiyar dalilin cewa, dalilin ziyarar, wanda Gidan Tarihi na Tarihi na Tarihi na Tarihi na Tarihi ya tanada, shine gano wasu alamun wayewar kai na mutane, don haka gano ragowar nau'ikan dinosaur da yawa, gami da Velociraptors, ya kasance abin mamaki da rashin tsari.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Ragowar, wanda aka wakilta ta kwanyar da ƙafafun ƙafafun kafa da kafa na velociraptors, an fara gano su ne kawai a cikin 1922, kuma a cikin lokacin 1988-1990. Masana kimiyya na balaguron Sino-Kanada sun kuma tattara ƙasusuwan ƙadangaren, amma aikin masana burbushin halittu a Mongolia da Amurka sun ci gaba ne kawai bayan shekaru biyar da ganowa.
Na biyu jinsin kadangarun mai saurin farauta an bayyana shi dalla-dalla dalla-dalla shekaru da yawa da suka gabata, a tsakiyar shekarar 2008. Samun halaye na Velociraptor osmolskae ya zama mai yiwuwa ne kawai saboda cikakken binciken burbushin halittu, gami da kwanyar babban dinosaur da aka ɗauka a yankin Sin na jejin Gobi a cikin 1999. Kusan shekaru goma, abin da ba a saba gani ba shi ne tara ƙura a kan shiryayye, don haka muhimmin bincike ne kawai aka yi kawai tare da bayyanar fasahar zamani.
Wurin zama, mazauni
Wakilan halittar Velociraptor, da dangin Dromaeosaurida, da Theropod suborder, da tsari irin na Lizard, da mai mulkin Dinosaur miliyoyin shekaru da suka gabata sun yadu sosai a yankuna da ke cikin Hamada Gobi ta yanzu (Mongolia da arewacin China).
Abincin Velociraptor
Ananan dabbobi masu rarrafe sun ci ƙananan dabbobi waɗanda ba su da ikon ba da izini mai kyau ga dinosaur mai farauta. Koyaya, masu binciken Irish a Kwalejin Jami'ar Dublin sun gano ƙasusuwan pterosaur, wani ƙaton dabbobi masu rarrafe. Gutsuttukan sun kasance kai tsaye a cikin ɓoyayyen kwarangwal na wani ƙaramin yanki da ke cin karensa ba babbaka wanda ya rayu a yankunan Jejin Gobi na zamani.
A cewar masanan kimiyyar kasashen waje, irin wannan binciken yana nuna karara cewa duk masu amfani da maganin a jikin igiyar na iya zama masu shara, wadanda ke iya hadiye kasusuwa cikin sauki wadanda kuma suke da girma sosai. Kashin da aka samo ba shi da wata alama ta yin amfani da acid daga ciki, don haka masana suka ba da shawarar cewa kadangaru mai farauta bai yi tsawon rai ba bayan ya shanye. Masana kimiyya kuma sunyi imanin cewa ƙananan Velociraptors sun iya sata da sauri sata ƙwai daga gida ko kashe ƙananan dabbobi.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Velociraptors yana da ɗan tsayi kuma ya inganta sosai da ƙafafu na baya, godiya ga abin da dinosaur mai farauta ya ci gaba da saurin gaske kuma zai iya riskar abin da yake ganinta.
Mafi sau da yawa, waɗanda ke fama da cutar Velociraptor sun wuce ta da girma, amma saboda karuwar tashin hankali da ikon yin farauta a cikin fakiti, kusan irin wannan maƙiyin ƙadangare kusan an ci shi an ci shi. Daga cikin wasu abubuwa, an tabbatar da cewa masu cin naman masu cin nama suna cin furotoratops. A shekara ta 1971, masana binciken burbushin halittu da ke aiki a jejin Gobi sun gano kwarangwal din dinosaur biyu - Velociraptor da kuma wani babban jami'in koyarwa, wadanda ke fama da juna.
Sake haifuwa da zuriya
A cewar wasu rahotanni, Velociraptors sun sake hayayyafa a lokacin hawan ƙwai, wanda daga ƙarshen lokacin shiryawar, an haifi maraƙi.
Hakanan zai zama mai ban sha'awa:
- Stegosaurus (Latin Stegosaurus)
- Tarbosaurus (lat. Tarbosaurus)
- Pterodactyl (Latin Pterodactylus)
- Megalodon (lat.Carcharodon megalodon)
Idan aka yarda da wannan tunanin za'a iya danganta zaton samuwar dangantaka tsakanin tsuntsaye da wasu dinosaur, wadanda suka hada da Velociraptor.
Makiya na halitta
Velociraptors na dangin dromaeosaurids ne, saboda haka suna da dukkanin manyan halayen gidan wannan.... Dangane da irin waɗannan bayanan, irin waɗannan maƙarƙancin ba su da abokan gaba na musamman, kuma ƙarancin dinosaur masu cin nama ne kawai ke iya haifar da haɗari.
