Serval, wanda aka fi sani da Shrub Cat (Leptailurus serval), ɗan dabba ne mai farauta wanda ya haɗu da dangin Felidae da ke cikin zuriyar Serval. Sabis na gida yana da matukar daraja ga masoya na shuke-shuke masu ban sha'awa don bayanan su na waje waɗanda ba a saba da su ba da kuma halaye na zaman lafiya.
Tarihin irin
Kuliyoyin wannan nau'in sun fara bayyana a cikin fadadawar Afirka... Ya kasance a yankin wannan nahiya, a ƙarƙashin tsananin hasken rana, wanda da farko yawancin masu hidimtawa sun ji daɗi sosai. A yau, akwai raguwar hanzari a yawan jama'a na kifin daji.
Yana da ban sha'awa! A mafi yawancin lokuta, dalilin wannan yanayin shine mafarauta waɗanda jarabar gashin dabbar ta wadatar da su da kuma buƙatar buƙatun dabbobin dawa.
A halin yanzu, nau'ikan sabis na daji goma sha huɗu sanannu ne kuma sunyi nazari sosai, waɗanda suka bambanta sosai a cikin launin suturar. Dangane da kwanan nan, masu kiwo da kuma ƙaunatattun kayan motsa jiki sun gudanar da tabbatar da cewa irin waɗannan kuliyoyin daji za a iya cin nasara cikin gida. A sakamakon haka, akwai kuliyoyin gida na kyawawan halayen Serval tare da ainihin ainihin bayanan waje.
Bayanin serval
Servals matsakaiciya ce siririya kuma mai doguwar kafa. Matsakaicin tsayin jikin dabba baligi ya banbanta tsakanin 90-135 cm, tare da tsayin kafada 40-65 cm.Gawar babban ma'aikacin kusan kilogram 8-18. Servals suna da ƙafafu masu tsayi da manyan kunnuwa, suna bambanta dabba daga duk wakilan dangin Feline. Shugaban irin wannan dabba yana da ƙarami, kuma wutsiyar ta ɗan gajarta - tsakanin 30-45 cm.
Ana ɗauka Servals dangin dangi ne na lynx da caracal saboda halaye iri-iri, amma launin irin wannan kifin daji ya fi kama da gashin cheetah. An gabatar da rigar a kan bangon launin toka-rawaya tare da kasancewar wuraren duhu da ratsi-ratsi. Yankin kirji da ciki, da bakin bakin maharin Afirka, farare ne. Yankin gefen kunnuwan baƙi ne masu fari ko rawaya rawaya.
Yana da ban sha'awa! A yankin yankuna masu tsaunuka na Kenya, zaka iya samun masu baƙar fata (masu ba da fata), wanda yawansu kusan rabin yawan jama'a ne, kuma fararen barori masu launin toka-toka sanannu ne kawai a cikin fursuna.
Akwai wasu bambance-bambance a cikin launin jinsi na yanayin ƙasa. An rarrabe kuliyoyin daji da ke zaune a yankin da ke da ƙarancin bishiyoyi ko yankuna masu tsayi ta wurin kasancewar manyan ɗigo a cikin launi, wanda ke kan hasken haske na gaba ɗaya. Halin sabis na gandun daji yana da launi mai duhu, squat da ƙananan ƙananan aibobi. A baya can, irin waɗannan kuliyoyin daji sun yi fice a cikin jinsin na dabam, wanda ake kira "kuliyoyin serval" ko servalines.
Matsayi na asali
Manufofin ilimin kimiyyar lissafi na kayan aiki wanda aka tsara ta hanyar ƙa'idodin yau:
- tsayin dabba a bushe ya kai 40-55 cm;
- tsawon dabba babba ita ce 70-100 cm, ban da wutsiya;
- dogon kafafu da kunnuwa;
- jiki gwargwado;
- daidaitaccen kwarangwal;
- nauyi a tsakanin 12-18 kg;
- karamin kai;
- kunnuwa masu tsayi da fadi, suna fitowa kamar lynx;
- gadar hanci da hanci suna da fadi;
- hanci yafi baki;
- idanu masu almond ne, haske a launi;
- jelar gajere ne kuma kauri, tsawonsa yakai 25-40 cm.
Sabin cikin gida ƙattai ne na gaske idan aka kwatanta da kuliyoyi na yau da kullun... Matsakaicin launi na jiki yana wakiltar kodadden launin rawaya mai raɗaɗi tare da ratsi mai duhu da aibobi Gashi gajere ne, mai kauri kuma mai laushi.
Mahimmanci! Ya kamata a san cewa ƙa'idodi don nau'in sabis na cikin gida ba su da cikakken haɓaka, sabili da haka, yayin kimanta bayyanar, ya zama dole a mai da hankali kan halaye da sanannun bayanan.
Yanayin kyanwa
Sabis na iya yin saurin zama tare da mai shi, wanda ya faru ne saboda yanayin nutsuwa da irin wannan dabba da zamantakewar ta. An lura cewa wakilan wannan nau'in da sauri sun zama masu wasa da ƙarancin so ga duka dangi. Kwararrun masu shayarwa suna ba da shawarar siyan sabis a lokacin ƙuruciya, wanda hakan zai ba shi damar saurin yanayin gidan.
Wannan nau'in sananne ne don yarda, yana da halaye mai kyau game da horo da ilimi, kuma yana da halin hankali da daidaituwa ga wasu. Meowing na sabis ba kwatankwacin bayanan muryar cat na talaka, kuma ƙari kamar kukan tsuntsaye. Irin wannan dabba mai ban sha'awa tana son yin wasa da kayan wasa masu laushi kuma rataye akan igiyoyi ko wayoyi, sabili da haka, yayin kiyaye kyan daji a gida, kuna buƙatar kiyaye matakan aminci.
A cewar masu gidan, sam sam ba su da halaye irin na taurin kai da wayo, kuma asalinsu na Afirka sun baiwa dabbar ni'ima da fasaha mai ban mamaki. Koyaya, masu hidima na aminci ne da dabbobin gida masu ƙauna waɗanda ke son yin gasa da wasa wawa ta hanyar kawo ƙwallon da aka jefa. Dabbobin gida suna jituwa sosai da jinsunan karnuka masu tashin hankali, kuma suna da abokantaka da irin nata.
Tsawon rayuwa
Matsakaicin rayuwar kuli-kuli a yanayi ta bambanta daga shekaru goma zuwa goma sha biyu, kuma dabbar da ba ta dace ba, tare da kulawa mai kyau, na iya rayuwa na kimanin shekaru ashirin.
Gyara serval a gida
Sabis na gida yana jin daɗi sosai idan aka ajiye shi a cikin gida mai zaman kansa.... A cikin gida, irin wannan babbar dabbar ta hannu mai wuce gona da iri na iya zama matsattse da rashin jin daɗi. Don yawo a waje, yana da kyau a sayi kayan ɗamara tare da abin wuya ko kayan ɗamara na musamman.
Kulawa da tsafta
Dabbar ba ta da buqata don kulawa. Yakamata a ba katon mai aiki da keɓaɓɓen wuri da sarari na sirri wanda zai ba dabbar gidan damar hutawa da kwanciyar hankali. Tafiya ya kamata ya zama mai yawa kuma tsawon lokaci don gamsar da aikin kyanwar gidan.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Ayyukan kulawa na yau da kullun sun haɗa da duba lafiyar yau da kullun tare da likitan dabbobi, da kuma rigakafin rigakafin rigakafi waɗanda ƙwararren likita ya tsara.
Kafin tafiya, ya kamata ka kiyaye rigar dabba daga ectoparasites tare da hanyoyi na musamman. Servals suna son iyo, don haka hanyoyin ruwa suna basu babban nishaɗi. Koyaya, yin wanka da irin wannan dabba ba'a bada shawarar akai-akai ba. Daga cikin wasu abubuwa, masu amfani da sabis sun saba da sauƙi don sauƙaƙa kansu a cikin akwatin zinare na yau da kullun.
Abincin Serval
Tushen abincin da ake yi a gida ya zama nama. A cikin mazaunin daji, irin wannan kifin daji yana farautar tsuntsaye da beraye, yana iya cin kwari, da dabbobi masu rarrafe. Ya kamata a gabatar da menu na mai lalata gida:
- nama;
- offal;
- kasusuwa;
- danye ko dafaffun kayan lambu;
- kwai kwarto
Sabbin cikin gida suna da cikakkiyar dabara ta farauta, don haka wani lokacin za a iya ba beraye ko ɓeraye ga irin wannan dabbar gidan. Dole ne a ƙara abincin dabba da abubuwan ma'adinai da na bitamin. Ana ciyar da dabbar bisa ga jadawalin, da safe da yamma. Servals suna buƙatar ruwa, don haka suna buƙatar samun damar 24/7 na ruwa. Kwararrun masu mallakar suna ba da shawarar shirya kwanakin da ake kira "yunwa" don dabbobin gidan sau biyu a wata.
Mahimmanci! Ana bukatar a yaye kittens daga kyanwa tana da makonni biyu kuma a ciyar da su daga kwalba tare da madara kowane awanni biyu, wanda zai ba dabbar gidan damar girma ba daji ba, amma ta dace da zamantakewar.
Cututtuka da lahani na asali
Masu hidimar cikin gida da ƙyar suna da matsalolin lafiya.... Irin waɗannan dabbobin suna da ingantaccen rigakafi, kuma kusan ba mai saukin kamuwa da cututtukan gama gari ga wakilan dangin Feline. Daga cikin wasu abubuwan, masu cin abincin na Afirka ba su da cututtukan gado.
Koyaya, mazaunin ma'aikaci tsakanin mutane dole ya sanya wasu takamaiman buƙatu, sabili da haka, nan da nan bayan siyan dabbobin gida, yana da mahimmanci a bincika shi tare da likitan dabbobi. Yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa maganin alurar riga kafi bai kamata ya ƙunshi ƙwayoyin cuta masu aiki ba, kuma hanyoyin magance alurar rigakafin da ba a zaɓa ba na iya haifar da mutuwar dabba mara kyau.
Kitananan kittens suna da ƙashi wanda bai cika cika ba, don haka duk faɗuwa daga tsawo ko ma tsalle mara nasara yakan ƙare da mummunan rauni.
Sayi Serval
Sabis kawai "masu tsabta", waɗanda aka haife su cikin bauta kuma suka girma a matsayin dabbobin gida, za a iya ajiye su a gida. Ingantattun wuraren nurseries masu sayar da sabis na gida sune Lunicorne, Savanah Premium, Savannah Golden Star, VipLeo da Royal Cats.
Abin da za a nema
Dabbar da aka siyo dole ne ta cika ƙa'idodi masu yawa:
- tsabtace gashi ba tare da ɗakunan gashi ba ko ectoparasites;
- gashi har ma, halayyar nau'in launi;
- share idanu da tsaftataccen kunnuwa ba tare da fitowar cuta ba;
- hanci mai tsabta na halayyar launi ba tare da purulent ko fitowar mucous ba;
- dogon kafafu da kunnuwa masu halayyar tassels;
- ingantaccen kwarangwal;
- madaidaici daidai da kyakkyawan gini.
Mafi kyawun zaɓi shine siyan kyanwa yar shekara biyu zuwa biyar. Dabbar dole ne ta kasance mai kuzari da aiki, tare da kyakkyawan ci, ba tare da alamun cutar helminthic ko rashin narkewar abinci ba.
Farashin kyanwa na bawa
Kudin sabis a halin yanzu ya dogara da dalilai da yawa... Matsayin mai ƙa'ida, farashin kyanwa an saita shi ta mai kera kansa, la'akari da matsakaicin darajar kasuwa a ƙasar. A yau, a cikin Rasha, farashin ƙaramin sabis yana kusan 400-450 dubu rubles. Wasu katunan katako na cikin gida da na ƙasashen waje, waɗanda suka ƙware musamman a cikin sabis, suna sayar da kyanwa a farashin dala dubu 8.5-9.0 ko fiye.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Ya kamata a lura cewa farashin kittens don kiwo ya fi ƙimar farashin dabbobi waɗanda aka yi niyya a kiyaye su azaman dabbobin gida ko na tsaka-tsaka.
Binciken mai shi
Bautawa sune kusan felan tsuntsayen daji waɗanda zasu iya zama cikakke kuma su zama masu ƙauna, masu kirki da masu aminci, amma suna ƙarƙashin dokokin tarbiyya. Dabba mai haɗin kai yana da cikakkiyar aminci da kwanciyar hankali, galibi ya fi wayo da kwari da wayo, haka nan kuma cikin sauri yana haɗuwa da mutane cikin sauri.
Tare da sauran kuliyoyi, masu hidimtawa suna ci gaba da sanya alama a yankinsu ba tare da la'akari da jinsi ba. Theanshin sirrin da sabis ɗin ya ɓoye yana da rauni ƙwarai da gaske, sabili da haka, masana sun ba da shawarar cewa ya zama wajibi a fitar da dabbar ko dabbarta tun yana ɗan wata takwas.
Sabbin sabis na gida galibi suna cikin alamomin babban matsayi da darajar mai shi. Irin wannan dabbar tana ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan ban sha'awa da firgitawa, ainihin asali, dabbobin gida da baƙon abu. Dangane da kamanni na musamman na halaye da halaye, ana kwatanta masu aiki da karnukan gida, wanda yasa wannan jinsi ya shahara a sassa daban-daban na duniya, gami da ƙasarmu.
