Hannu shine ɗayan bakon halittu a doron ƙasa. Dogayen kafafu, manyan idanu, hakoran bera, da manyan kunnuwan jemage sun haɗu tare a cikin wannan dabba mai kamar tsoro.
Bayanin rayuwar Madagascar
Aye-aye kuma ana kiranta aye-aye.... wanda matafiyin Pierre Sonnera ya gano a gabar yammacin tsibirin Madagascar. Yayin gano wata bakuwar dabba, wani mummunan al'amari ya same shi. 'Yan asalin ƙasar, waɗanda suka gan shi a cikin dazuzzuka, nan da nan suka ɗauki kyakkyawar halitta don aljanin jahannama, sanadin duk masifu, shaidan cikin jiki, suka farautar sa.
Mahimmanci!Abun takaici, har zuwa yanzu, rayuwar Madagascar tana cikin hatsari saboda lalata muhalli a yankin arewa maso gabashin Madagascar da kuma fitina mai yawa a cikin ƙasar ta Malagasy a matsayin jigon bala'i.
An fara kirkirar wannan lemur din dare a matsayin rodent. Stickstick yana amfani da dogon yatsansa na tsakiya azaman kayan aikin kwari. Bayan ya danna kan bawon itaciya, sai ya saurara da kyau don gano motsin ƙwayoyin kwarin. Bincike ya nuna cewa ah-ah (wannan wani suna ne) yana iya tantance daidai motsi na kwari a zurfin mita 3.5.
Bayyanar
Yanayi na musamman na rayuwar Madagascar yana da wahalar rikicewa da bayyanar wata dabba. Jikinta gaba daya an lullubeshi da mayafin ruwan kasa mai duhu, yayin da babbar rigar ta fi tsayi tsayi da ƙarshen farin. Ciki da bakin ciki sun fi sauƙi, gashin kan waɗannan sassan jikin yana da ɗanɗano. Kan duniya yana da girma. A sama akwai manyan kunnuwa masu kamannin ganye, ba gashi. Idanu suna da halayyar duhu halayya, launi na iris kore ne ko rawaya-kore, suna zagaye kuma suna da haske.
Hakoran suna kama da tsari irin na hakoran beraye... Suna da kaifi sosai kuma suna ci gaba. A girma, wannan dabba ta fi sauran birai mara girma. Tsawon jikinsa yakai 36-44 cm, jelarsa tsawon 45-55 cm, kuma nauyinta da wuya ya wuce 4 kg. Nauyin dabba a lokacin balagarsa yana tsakanin 3-4 kilogiram, an haifi sa ofa girman rabin tafin ɗan adam.
Hannuwa suna motsi, suna dogaro da gaɓoɓi 4 lokaci guda, waɗanda suke gefen jikin, kamar lemurs. Akwai dogayen kusoshi masu lankwasa a yatsan hannu. Equippedananan yatsun kafa na baya suna sanye da ƙusa. Yatsun tsakiya na gaba ba su da kyallen takarda kuma suna da tsayi ɗaya da rabi fiye da sauran. Irin wannan tsarin, haɗe tare da ci gaba da haɓaka haƙoran haƙora, yana bawa dabbar damar yin ramuka a bawon bishiyoyi da cire abinci daga can. Legsafafun gaba sun ɗan gajarta fiye da na baya, wanda ke rikitar da motsin dabbar a ƙasa. Amma irin wannan tsarin ya sanya shi mai kwarjin kwado mai ban mamaki. Cikin gwaninta yana kame bawon da rassan bishiyoyi da yatsunsa.
Hali da salon rayuwa
Madagascar aeons ba dare ba rana. Abu ne mai matukar wahala ka gansu, koda kuwa da tsananin sha'awa. Da fari dai, saboda a kai a kai mutane ne ke halakar da su, na biyu kuma, hannaye ba sa fitowa. Saboda wannan dalili, suna da matukar wahalar daukar hoto. A tsawon lokaci, dabbobin Madagascar suna hawa bishiyoyi sama da bisa, suna kokarin kare kansu daga hare-haren dabbobin daji da ke son cin abincinsu.
Yana da ban sha'awa!Aye-aye na rayuwa ne a cikin dazuzzuka na bamboo, a kan manyan rassa da kututturan bishiyoyi a tsakanin dazukan ruwan sama na Madagascar. Ana same su ɗaɗɗaya, sau da yawa sau biyu.
Yayinda rana ta fadi, duniya-aye ta farka kuma fara rayuwa mai aiki, hawa da tsalle bishiyoyi, a hankali bincika duk ramuka da koguna don neman abinci. A lokaci guda, suna fitar da babbar murya. Suna sadarwa ta amfani da jerin muryar magana. Kuka na musamman yana nuna zalunci, yayin da rufe-bakin kuka na iya nuna rashin amincewa. Ana jin gajeren gajeren gajeren ruwa dangane da gasa don albarkatun abinci.
Kuma sautin "yew" yana aiki ne don bayyanar mutum ko lemurs, "hi-hi" ana iya ji yayin ƙoƙarin tserewa daga abokan gaba... Wadannan dabbobin suna da wahalar ci gaba da zama a tsare. Kuma akwai dalilai da yawa kan hakan. Yana da matukar wahala a sake maimata shi don "abinci mai ban mamaki", kuma kusan mawuyacin abu ne a ɗauko abincin da aka riga aka sani. Kari akan haka, koda mai son dabba ba safai zai so gaskiyar cewa kusan ba a taba ganin dabbobin sa ba.
Shekaru nawa ke rayuwa
Dangane da 'yan bayanai, an tabbatar da cewa a cikin bauta, shekarun suna rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 9. A dabi'ance, ana bin duk wani sharadi da ka'idojin tsarewa.
Wurin zama, mazauni
Zoogeographically, Madagascar aeons kusan suna kusan duk ƙasar Afirka. Amma suna zaune ne kawai a arewacin Madagascar a cikin yankin gandun daji mai zafi. Dabba ba dare bane. Ba ya son hasken rana, don haka da rana ana ɓoye duniya a cikin rawanin bishiyoyi. Yawancin yini, suna kwana cikin kwanciyar hankali a cikin gidajan wucin gadi ko ramuka, waɗanda wutsiyarsu ta rufe su.
Tleungiyoyin sararin samaniya sun mamaye ƙananan yankuna. Ba masoyan motsi bane kuma suna barin wuraren "sanannun", sai lokacin da ya zama dole. Misali, idan akwai barazanar rayuwa ko abinci ya kare.
Abincin Madagascar aye
Don saduwa da buƙatu na asali don haɓaka da kiyaye lafiyar, rayuwar Madagascar tana buƙatar abinci mai wadataccen mai da furotin. A cikin daji, kimanin 240-342 kcal da ake cinyewa yau da kullun abinci ne tsayayye a cikin shekara. Tsarin menu ya ƙunshi 'ya'yan itace, kwayoyi da tsire-tsire. Ana amfani da irin waina, ayaba, kwakwa, da kuma kwaya ta ramie.
Suna amfani da yatsunsu na uku na musamman yayin ciyarwa don huda ƙarshen ƙyallen 'ya'yan itacen kuma dibar abin da ke ciki.... Suna ciyar da 'ya'yan itatuwa, gami da' ya'yan itacen mangwaro da bishiyar kwakwa, ainihin gora da sikari, kuma kamar ƙwaro da ƙwayoyin bishiyar. Da manyan haƙoran gaban su, suna cizon rami a cikin goro ko kara na tsiron sannan su zaɓi naman ko ƙwarin daga ciki da dogon yatsan hannu na uku.
Sake haifuwa da zuriya
Kusan babu abin da aka sani game da kiwo na rayuwar-makamai. Ba su da yawa a cikin gidan zoo. Anan ana basu abinci da madara, zuma, 'ya'yan itatuwa daban-daban da kwai tsuntsaye. Hannun ba za a iya haramtawa a cikin haɗin ba. A yayin kowane zagaye na aure, mata kan sadu da maza fiye da ɗaya, don haka ke wakiltar auratayya da yawa. Suna da dogon lokacin saduwa. Abun lura a cikin daji ya nuna cewa tsawon watanni biyar, daga Oktoba zuwa Fabrairu, mata suna yin jima'i ko suna nuna alamun estrus. An lura da zagayen mace na cikin kwanaki 21 zuwa 65 kuma ana nuna shi da canje-canje a al'aurar waje. Wanne yawanci karami ne da launin toka a lokutan al'ada, amma ya zama babba da ja yayin waɗannan hawan keke.
Yana da ban sha'awa!Lokacin daukar ciki na daga 152 zuwa 172, kuma yawanci ana haihuwar jarirai tsakanin Fabrairu da Satumba. Akwai tazarar shekaru 2 zuwa 3 tsakanin haihuwa. Wannan na iya haifar da rashin saurin ci gaban samarin jarirai da babban matakin saka hannun jari na iyaye.
Matsakaicin nauyin hannayen jarirai daga 90 zuwa 140. Bayan lokaci, yana ƙaruwa zuwa 2615 g na maza kuma 2570 na mata. An riga an rufe jarirai cikin gashi wanda yayi kama da launi zuwa launin manya, amma sun bambanta a cikin bayyanar da koren idanu da kunnuwa. Jarirai ma suna da hakora masu daskarewa, wadanda suke canzawa a lokacin makonni 20 da haihuwa.
Aye hannu yana da ɗan jinkirin saurin ci gaba idan aka kwatanta da sauran membobin aji... Abun lura da wannan nau'in a shekarar farko ta cigaban ya nuna cewa yara kanana sun fara barin gida tun suna da makonni 8. Sannu a hankali suna canzawa zuwa abinci mai tauri a makwanni 20, lokacin da har yanzu basu rasa haƙoran bebinsu ba, kuma har yanzu suna neman abinci daga iyayensu.
Wannan dogaro na dogon lokaci mai yiwuwa ne saboda halayen cin abincinsu na musamman. Matasa aye-aye, a matsayin mai mulkin, suna cin nasarar manya a cikin aikin motsa jiki a cikin watanni 9 da haihuwa. Kuma sun balaga da shekaru 2.5.
Makiya na halitta
Rayuwar ɓoyayyiyar rayuwa ta rayuwar Madagascar tana nufin cewa a zahiri tana da ƙarancin maƙiyan maƙiyi na asali a cikin asalin garinsu. Ciki har da macizai, tsuntsayen ganima da sauran "mafarauta", wanda dabbobinsu kanana ne kuma dabbobi masu saukin kai, ba sa jin tsoron ta. A zahiri, mutane sune babbar barazanar wannan dabba.
Yana da ban sha'awa!A matsayin hujja, akwai sake kisan gillar shekaru saboda rashin hankali mara tushe na mazauna yankin, waɗanda suka yi imanin cewa ganin wannan dabba mummunan hali ne, wanda ba da daɗewa ba zai haifar da bala'i.
A wasu wuraren da ba a ba su tsoro ba, an kama waɗannan dabbobin a matsayin tushen abinci. Babbar barazanar barazanar bacewa a wannan lokacin ita ce sare bishiyoyi, asarar da aka yi wa mazaunin asalin duniyar, ƙirƙirar matsuguni a waɗannan wurare, mazaunan waɗanda ke farautar su don jin daɗi ko ƙishirwar riba. A cikin daji, rayuwar Madagascar na iya zama ganima ga fossae da kuma ɗayan manyan mafarautan Madagascar.
Yawan jama'a da matsayin jinsin
Ay-ay dabbobi ne masu ban mamaki waɗanda ke da mahimmin memba na yanayin halittu na Malagasy. An jera ruffle a matsayin jinsin da ke cikin hatsari tun daga 1970s. A cikin 1992, IUCN ta kiyasta yawan mutanen ya kasance tsakanin mutane 1,000 zuwa 10,000. Rushewar mazauninsu na asali saboda mamayar ɗan adam shine babbar barazanar wannan jinsin.
Hakanan zai zama mai ban sha'awa:
- Paca
- Miyar bakin ciki
- Ilka ko pecan
- Lemuran Pygmy
Bugu da kari, wadannan dabbobin mazauna yankin da ke zaune kusa da su ke farautar su, suna ganinsu a matsayin kwari ko masu shelar munanan dabi'u. A halin yanzu, ana samun waɗannan dabbobin a cikin aƙalla wurare 16 masu kariya a wajen Madagascar. A yanzu haka, ana daukar matakan bunkasa mulkin mallaka.
