Cuckoos (lat. Tsuntsaye daga tsari iri-iri Cuckoo sun bazu ko'ina cikin Hasashen Gabas duka, amma mafi girman bambancin sanannu ne a yankin Asiya.
Bayanin cuckoo
Iyali da yawa sun haɗa da nau'ikan sama da ɗari, amma watakila sanannen wakilin shi ne cuckoo gama gari, wanda aka san halayensa na waje kusan ko'ina.
Bayyanar
Tsawon jikin babban tsuntsu shine 35-38 cm, kuma wutsiyar ba ta wuce cm 13-18 ba. Matsakaicin fikafikan yana tsakanin 50-55 cm.Gwarjin jikin namiji baligi bai wuce 130 g ba. Tsuntsun yana da gajeru masu ƙarfi da ƙarfi.... Halayen waje na manya da mata sun bambanta sosai. Namiji yana da wutsiya mai duhu da baya. Yankin maƙogwaro da kirji har zuwa cikin ciki yana da launi mai launin toka mai haske. A wasu sassa na jikin, labulen haske ne, tare da kasancewar ratsi mai duhu. Bakin bakin mai duhu ne kuma kafafu launin rawaya ne.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Cuckoos yana narkar da wasu lokuta sau ɗaya a shekara, tare da narkewar ɓangaren da ke faruwa a lokacin bazara, yayin da ake aiwatar da cikakken tsari a lokacin sanyi kawai.
Fitsarin jikin mace yana tattare da fifikon launuka masu launin ja da launin ruwan kasa. Yankin baya da kai yana ketare ta ratsi-ratsi baƙi. Duk gashin fuka-fukan fuka-fukai suna da madaidaicin farin haske. Kirjin yana da launi mai launi, tare da bayyane a fili kuma yalwatacce farar fata da kuma raƙatattun raƙum baƙar fata. Nauyin mace baliga baya wucewa, a ka’ida, 110 g. Matasa galibi galibinsu jajaye ne tare da ratsi mai duhu tare da tsawon jiki.
Salon rayuwa da ɗabi'a
Cuckoos tsuntsaye ne na sirri kuma masu taka tsantsan, suna barin babu alamun ayyukan su. Duk da cewa kuckoo yana iya sanar da kowa da babbar murya game da kasancewar sa, ba ya bawa mutane damar jagorantar wani sa ido kwata-kwata. Wakilan dangin Cuckoo kwata-kwata basu dace da motsi a ƙasa ba, sabili da haka, bayan saukowa don ganima, irin waɗannan tsuntsayen suna hanzarin tashi da wuri-wuri.
Rashin damuwa yayin tafiya a ƙasa saboda ƙafafu biyu-ƙafa, wanda ke ba tsuntsaye damar sauya matakai tare da tsalle. Don haka, gashin tsuntsu ya tsallake nisan da ake buƙata, kuma a wannan yanayin, alamun alaƙa kusan ba su wanzu.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Jirgin balagaggen balaguro mai haske ne kuma mai hanzari, a yanayinsa yana kama da jirgin falki da sauran wakilai da yawa.
Cuckoos sun fi son zama a raba, kuma sha'awar yin aure yana tashi ne kawai a lokacin lokacin saduwa. Yankin kowane tsuntsu ya dace da yanayin shekarunsa, amma namiji na iya “yarda” wani ɓangare na “kayan” sa ga mace.
Yaya yawancin kullun ke rayuwa
Daga cikin alamun rayuwar tsuntsaye, ana iya gano wani tsari... A matsayinka na ƙa'ida, mafi girman tsuntsayen suna rayuwa fiye da ƙananan. Dangane da yawancin lura, tsawon rayuwar wakilan gidan Cuckoo bai wuce shekaru goma ba, amma a ƙarƙashin kyakkyawan yanayi, cuckoos na iya rayuwa sosai.
Nau'in kayan abinci
Yawancin jinsin da suka fi kowa daga gidan Cuckoo suna wakiltar:
- Babban hawk cuckoo (Susulus srapervoides);
- Hawk Cuckoo na Indiya (Susulus varius);
- Cuckoo mai gemu (Susulus vagans);
- Kaka mai fuka-fukai (Susulus fugax);
- Kayan abincin Philippine (Susulus restoralis);
- The Indonesian shaho cuckoo (Susulus crassirostris);
- Kayan jan-breasted (Susulus solitarius);
- Black cuckoo (Susulus clamosus);
- Kokarin Indiya (Susulus microrterus);
- Kullum na kowa (Susulus canorus);
- Nau'in Afirka na yau da kullun (Susulus gulаris);
- Kurame Cuckoo (Susulus ortatus);
- Malay-probe cuckoo (Susulus leridus);
- Cuananan kullun (Susulus polioserhalus);
- Madagascar cuckoo (Cuculus rochii).
Duk nau'ikan cuckoos suna da wakiltar manyan nau'ikan guda uku:
- masu auren mata da yawa tare da halayyar gurguntaccen gurbi, waɗanda ke rayuwa galibi a Afirka da Eurasia;
- mutane masu auren mata daya wadanda suke yin nau'i-nau'i kuma suna ciyar da zuriyarsu, suna zaune a Amurka.
Sauye-sauye iri-iri: masu iya kiwon kaji kai tsaye ko jefa ƙwai ga wasu tsuntsaye, ciyar da zuriya da mamaye gidajen wasu mutane, jefa kajin da taimakawa iyaye masu ciyar da zuriya.
Wurin zama, mazauni
Tsarin gargajiya da wuraren zama na cuckoo ya dogara da halayen jinsin wakilan Cuckoo. Misali, ana samun Babban Hawk Cuckoo a dazukan tsaunukan India, Nepal, Sumatra da Borneo, yayin da Hawk Cuckoo na Indiya yana zaune a wani babban yanki na yankin Indiya.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Ananan raƙuman raƙuman ruwa masu yawa suna zaune a kudancin Burma da Thailand, a cikin Malaysia da Singapore, a Borneo da Sumatra.
Ana samun nau'ikan kuku na Philippine a wani babban ɓangare na manyan tsibirai a cikin Philippines, kuma shaho dangin Indonesiya ya kasance sananne ga Sulawesi a Indonesia. Jan-nono da baƙar fata, da kuma na gargajiya na Afirka, suna zaune a Afirka ta Kudu, kuma kewayon Malay Sunda cuckoo ya rufe kusan dukkanin Yankin Malay. A kasarmu, mafi yaduwar nau'ikan su ne Kurame Kurame da Cuckoo gama gari.
Abincin Cuckoo
Tushen abincin cuckoo shine kwari a cikin kwari da ƙwaro bishiya, waɗanda ke cutar da ganye da gangar jikin bishiyoyi.... Baya ga kwari, cuckoos suna cin wasu 'ya'yan itace da' ya'yan itace, suna cin ƙwai da yawa daga wasu nau'o'in tsuntsaye, da kajinsu.
Makiya na halitta
Kuckoos na manya suna da enemiesan abokan gaba saboda saurin tashin su. A karkashin wasu halaye, oriole, shrikes, fuka-fuka masu launin toka, warblers da warblers na iya kai hari ga kuckoo. Masu farauta, gami da dawakai da shahidai, kuliyoyi da weasels, suna da haɗari ga irin waɗannan tsuntsayen. Sarakuna da jays ma 'yan fashi ne.
Sake haifuwa da zuriya
Da farkon bazara, kayan abinci daga Afirka suna komawa ƙasashen Turai da Asiya, zuwa wuraren da suke gargajiya na gargajiya. A ƙa'ida, irin waɗannan tsuntsayen suna keɓantattu ne kawai, kuma yankin yanki na ɗa namiji baligi na iya isa kadada da yawa. Mata galibi suna rayuwa a cikin yankuna da ba su da yawa. Babban yanayin zaɓin yanki shine kasancewar wasu sheƙan tsuntsaye a cikin ƙasashen da ake da su.
Yana da ban sha'awa! A lokacin kiwo, namiji baligi daya tak yake hada mata da yawa lokaci daya, wanda a mafi yawan lokuta ba sa gina gida, amma suna kallon sauran tsuntsayen.
Mafi yawancin lokuta, yawan sha'awar masarufin ana haifar da shi ne daga dangin Sparrow, wanda har yanzu ana kiransa "tsuntsaye tsuntsaye" a cikin mutane gama gari. Tsawon karnoni masu yawa, tsarin halittar kowane layin mahaifa zuwa wasu nau'ikan tsuntsaye an kirkireshi, wanda ke bayanin kamanceceniyar ƙwai cuckoo tare da sauran tsuntsayen.
Mace tana haƙurin jira har zuwa lokacin da zaɓaɓɓun “iyaye masu riƙo” suka bar gidansu aƙalla na wani ɗan gajeren lokaci, bayan haka sai ta tashi sama ta sanya ƙwai a ciki. A lokaci guda, kwai "na asali" na sauran tsuntsaye an kori amaren, ana ci ko ana ɗauke da shi. A ƙa'ida, tsuntsayen da ke komawa gida ba su lura da canjin da ya faru ba, kuma kajin cuckoo yana saurin ƙwacewa fiye da sauran kajin, bayan haka kuma yana ƙoƙarin yin watsi da ƙwancen maigidan. Sau da yawa, kullun yana sarrafawa don kawar da "brothersan uwansa", sakamakon haka ya kasance shine kawai mai gwagwarmaya don abinci da hankali a cikin gida.
Cuckoos suna girma cikin sauri kuma koyaushe suna buƙatar abinci mai yawa. Kimanin makonni uku bayan haihuwar, girma da ƙarfafa kaji ya bar gida. Koyaya, iyayen da ke goye sun ci gaba da ciyar da shi kusan wata guda, suna jiran lokacin da zai girma sosai kuma zai iya ciyar da kansa. A lokacin bazara, kullun yakan kula da jefa daga ƙwai uku zuwa biyar a cikin gidajen wasu, amma yiwuwar irin wannan gurguwar ta fi girma - kusan ƙwai dozin uku a kowane yanayi.
Yana da ban sha'awa! A lokacin da ake jefa ƙwai a cikin gidajen wasu mutane, kullun yana yin sautunan da ke da matukar birge dariya kuma suna da ɗan sauti kamar muryar babban sparrowhawk.
Akwai nau'ikan da dama da ke bayanin kasancewar gurguwar gurgu a cikin cuckoos.... Dangane da fasali na farko, mahaifin mai farauta yana iya yin tsokaci a kan ƙwayayen da aka ɗora, don haka uwar cuckoo tana ƙoƙarin ceton ɗiyanta ta wannan hanyar. Dangane da fasali na biyu, lokacin da mace zata yi kwai ya yi yawa, kuma kullun ba zai iya haifar da zuriyarsa a lokaci guda ba da ciyar da kajin da aka kyankyashe.
Yawan jama'a da matsayin jinsin
Yawancin membobin Cuckoo suna da matsayin kariya mafi ƙarancin damuwa. Irin waɗannan nau'o'in ba sa cikin wasu nau'ikan kwatankwacin bayanan Unionungiyar Hadin Kan Natasa ta Duniya.
Koyaya, nau'ikan nau'ikan gemu mai gemu yana fuskantar barazanar bacewa saboda asarar wuraren zama na gargajiya, saboda haka, a yanzu haka ana kan hanyoyin da za a mayar da yawan jinsin zuwa alamun da ya gabata.
