Bakin dawa, ko Baƙin Turai (Dama dama) matsakaiciya ce. A halin yanzu, jinsi ne na gama gari a Turai da Yammacin Asiya. Zai yiwu, da farko yankin ya iyakance ga Asiya kawai. Duk da cewa dabbar ta kasance ta dangin barewar gaske, halayyar halayyar Baƙin Turai ita ce babbar tururuwa da kasancewar tabo, kyakkyawar launin rani.
Bayanin igiya
Bakin dawakai ya fi na barewa girma, amma sun fi ƙanƙara wuya kuma an fi su haske... Babban fasalin ƙasashen Turai shine tsayin dabba a tsakanin mita 1.30-1.75, da kuma kasancewar jela da ba ta wuce 18-20 cm ba.Girman mizanin girman dabba a lokacin bushewa bai wuce cm 80-105 ba. Matsakaicin nauyin babban namiji shine 65-110 kg, kuma mata - bai wuce kilogiram 45-70 ba.
Bayyanar
Namijin Baƙin Bature ya fi girman barewar Baƙin Iran (Dama mesorotamisa), kuma jikinsu ya kai tsawon 2.0 m ko ma fiye da haka. Fallow deer na wannan nau'in an rarrabe shi da mafi tsoka, da kuma gajeren wuya da gabobi, idan aka kwatanta da jan barewa. Horahonin dawa na Baƙin Turai, ya bambanta da nau'in Mesopotamia, na iya samun sifa iri-iri. A watan Afrilu, duk tsoffin mazaje na Baƙin Turai sun zubar da ƙahonninsu, kuma sabbin ƙahonin da aka kirkira suna bayyana a cikin dabbobi ne kawai a ƙarshen bazara, a watan Agusta.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Ba da daɗewa ba, fararen fata ko baƙar fata irin na Baƙin Turai, waɗanda ke da asali na ainihi da kyan gani, sun zama gama-gari.
Launi na barewar fallow ya bambanta da yanayi. A lokacin bazara, canza launin dabba a sama da kuma saman wutsiya tana da launin ruwan kasa mai launin ruwan kasa mai launin fari, mai haske. Akwai launuka masu haske a ƙasa da ƙafafu.
Da farkon lokacin hunturu, kan dabbar, yankin wuya da kunnuwa na barewar Turai sun sami launin ruwan kasa mai duhu, kuma tarnaƙi da baya sun kusan zama baƙi. Akwai launuka masu launin toka-toka a ƙasan.
Doe salon
A hanyar rayuwarsa, Baƙin Turai ya kusa da jan barewa, amma ba shi da girman kai, saboda haka ya fi dacewa da manyan bishiyun bishiyoyi da wuraren shakatawa masu aminci. Koyaya, barewa ba ta da tsoro da taka tsantsan, kuma wakilan jinsin Doe ba su ƙasa da jan barewa cikin saurin motsi da saurin aiki ba. A ranakun bazara, barewar Baƙin Turai ta fi son kasancewa a ware, ko a cikin ƙananan rukuni. A lokaci guda, matasa na shekara suna kusa da mahaifiyarsu. Lokacin babban aiki yana faɗuwa ne a sanyin safiya da maraice, lokacin da dabbobi ke kiwo ko zuwa wuraren shayarwa.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Yakin da ake yi wa mace a lokacin gasawar barewa na da tsananin zafi cewa barewa kan fasa wuyan juna har ma da kansu, don haka duk abokan hamayyar na iya mutuwa da kyau.
A cikin lokutan zafi mai zafi, barewar da ke fallowar ta zauna don hutawa a kan gadaje na musamman a cikin inuwar daji ko kuma kai tsaye kusa da ruwa daban-daban, inda babu kwarkwata da yawa. Mutanen da ke zaune a wuraren shakatawa suna da sauƙin zama masu rauni, saboda haka har ma suna iya karɓar abinci daga hannun mutum. A ƙarshen kaka, irin waɗannan dabbobin suna taruwa cikin manyan garken mata da na maza. A lokaci guda, ana yin gasa da bikin aure na tsofaffi.
Tsawon rayuwa
Baran dabbar dawa ta zamani ce ta tsohuwar tsohuwar daɗaɗɗiyar ƙaho daɗaɗɗa da ta yi rayuwa a tsakiya da Late Pleistocene.... Kamar yadda lura ya nuna, matsakaiciyar rayuwar Baƙon Turai a yanayin yanayi shine: ga maza - kimanin shekaru goma, da na mace - bai wuce shekaru goma sha biyar ba. A cikin bauta, dabba mai daraja cikin sauki tana rayuwa kwata-kwata karni ko ma fiye da haka.
Wurin zama, mazauni
Mahalli na dabbar barewa ta mamaye kusan dukkan ƙasashen Turai waɗanda ke kusa da Bahar Rum, da kuma arewa maso yammacin Afirka da Misira, Asiya orarama, Lebanon da Siriya, da Iraki. Fallow deer ya fi son zama a cikin yankunan daji tare da ciyawa da yawa da kuma wuraren buɗewa. Amma suna iya daidaitawa sosai zuwa wurare daban-daban na zama, saboda haka ana samun su har a yankin tsibirin a Tekun Arewa. Adadin barewar fallow ya bambanta dangane da yanayin yankin, amma a wasu lokuta yakan kai kimanin mutane goma sha takwas.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Kafin lokacin Juyin juya halin Oktoba, barewa ta kasance abin farauta ne ga mutanen da suka fi dama a yankin ƙasarmu, don haka dabbar ta fi shigo da ita daga Yammacin duniya.
An yi imanin cewa an kawo barewa zuwa yankin Yammacin Turai daga yankuna da yawa na kudanci, amma idan aka yi la'akari da hujjoji da yawa, a baya kewayon kyawawan dabbobi masu kyau sun fi fadi - ya haɗa da Poland, Lithuania da Belovezhskaya Pushcha. Dangane da bayanai daga tsakiyar karnin da ya gabata, barewar daji ta rayu a kudu maso yammacin gabar tekun Marmara, da kuma Spain da kuma gefen kudu maso gabashin Asiya orarama.
Abincin cin abincin barewa na Turai
Fallow barewa dabbobi ne na dabbobi kuma na musamman ne na shuke-shuke, wanda abincin su ya kunshi ganyen bishiyoyi da ciyawar da take cike da ruwa... Wani lokaci dabbobin da suke jin yunwa suna iya tsinke ƙananan baƙen itacen. A lokacin bazara, barewar dawa ke cin dusar ƙanƙara da corydalis, anemone, da kuma cin abinci a kan toka mai dutsen sabo, maple, itacen oak da kuma harbe-harben pine.
A lokacin rani, ana wadatar da abinci tare da namomin kaza da acorns, kirji da 'ya'yan itace, kayan marmari da hatsi, legumes ko laima. Don sake cika ma'adinan ma'adanai, barewar dawa tana neman ƙasa mai wadataccen gishiri. Mutane suna ƙirƙirar leken gishiri na wucin gadi, da kuma ba masu ba da abinci, waɗanda suke cike da hatsi da ciyawa tare da farkon lokacin sanyi. Daga cikin wasu abubuwa, a wasu yankuna, ciyawar ciyawar ciyawa tare da kayan marmari, lupine, da kuma ci gaban azancin Urushalima da sauran ganye an shimfida ta musamman don barewar dawa.
Makiya na halitta
Falasar barewar Turai ba ta son barin yankunansu da yawa, saboda haka ba safai suke wuce iyakar iyakar su ba. Motsi na yau da kullun na irin waɗannan wakilai na aji masu shayarwa da umarnin Artiodactyls, a matsayin mai ƙa'ida, ana wakiltar su ta hanyoyi iri ɗaya. Daga cikin wasu abubuwa, dabbobi daga dangin Deer ba su yarda da saurin tafiya a cikin dusar ƙanƙara ba, wanda hakan ya faru ne saboda gajerun ƙafa da haɗarin zama cikin sahun dabbobi masu saurin farauta.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Delow delow masu iya iyo ne, amma basa shiga cikin ruwa ba tare da buƙata ta musamman ba, kuma sun fi so su gudu daga mafi yawan haɗari da haɗari, waɗanda kerkeci, lynxes, boar daji da beyar suka wakilta.
Godiya ga kyakkyawan ƙamshin warinsu, barewa na iya samun gansakuka da kuma tushen da za'a ci a ƙarƙashin murfin dusar ƙanƙara, don haka yunwa da ƙyar take haifar da mutuwar irin waɗannan dabbobi. Jin Doe yana da matukar wahala, amma hangen nesa yana da rauni - a hatsari na farko, wakilin mai martaba dan gidan daddare ya sami damar tserewa, a sauƙaƙe yana tsallake ma matsalolin mita biyu.
Sake haifuwa da zuriya
A cikin goman karshe na watan Satumba ko farkon Oktoba, babban lokacin kiwo na barewar Turai yana farawa. A irin wannan lokacin, samari masu cikakkiyar shekaru huɗu ko biyar suna korar samari daga garken dangi, bayan haka ne ake samar da abin da ake kira "harems". Maza, suna shirye don kiwo, suna cikin mawuyacin hali, saboda haka da yamma da kuma wayewar gari sukan fitar da sautuka masu rarrafe da guttural, kuma a cikin tsari suna shiga cikin faɗa tare da abokan hamayyarsu.
Nan da nan kafin haihuwar jarirai, mata masu ciki gaba ɗaya sun rabu da garkensu duka. Kusan watan Mayu ko Yuni, kusan ciki na takwas ya ƙare da 'yan maru ɗaya ko biyu. Matsakaicin nauyin maraƙin da aka haifa bai wuce kilo 3.0 ba.
Calavesan da aka haifa tuni sun cika shekara ɗaya da haihuwa suna iya bin umarnin mahaifiyarsu da sauri, kuma jarirai kowane wata suna fara cin ɗan ciyawa mai ɗan taushi da kore, amma a lokaci guda suna ci gaba da ciyar da madarar uwa mai ƙoshin lafiya na kusan watanni shida. A kwanaki goma na farko ko makonni biyu, mace tana kiwo kusa da maraqinta, wanda ke buya a cikin daji ko tsakanin ba da tsayi sosai ba. Bayan ɗan lokaci kaɗan, wata mace da ke da ɗan maraƙi ta haɗu da babban garken. Koyaya, rapidlya growingan maruwa da ke saurin girma suna ƙoƙari su manne wa mahaifiyarsu har zuwa naƙuda ta gaba.
Yawan jama'a da matsayin jinsin
Bazuwar Baƙin Turai a halin yanzu baya cikin haɗarin halaka. Adadin wannan nau'in an kiyasta kusan kawuna dubu dari biyu, gami da yawan mutanen da ke kusa da wuraren shakatawa, inda irin wadannan dabbobin ba su da abokan gaba na zahiri.
Mahimmanci! Don kula da cikakken yanayin yanayin muhalli, ana yawan harbin wasu dabbobin kowace shekara ko ƙaura zuwa wani sabon yanki.
A Faransa, ana aiwatar da wani shiri na kara yawan irin wadannan dabbobi masu daraja, don haka harbe harben dawa ke gudana karkashin kula. Babbar barazanar tana barazana ga yawan Turkawan dawa na barewa na Turai, wanda jimillar yawansu ɗari-ɗari ne da mutane.... Aya daga cikin kyawawan halaye na irin waɗannan ƙa'idodin shine cikakken rashin son mutane su haɗu da kowane nau'in naman dawa, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga kiyaye takamaiman fasallan su.
