Germelin (Hermelin) ɗan ƙarami ne ko zomo, wanda kuma aka fi sani da zomo na Poland. Wannan nau'ikan ya shahara sosai kuma an daidaita shi daidai don keɓaɓe a cikin fursuna.
Bayanin Hermelin
Ba a tabbatar asalin asalin hermelin ba tabbatacce a yau.... An ɗauka cewa an samo wannan nau'in ne ta hanyar ƙetare farin zomo da ƙaramin zomo na azurfa.
Bayyanar
Hermelines suna da halaye masu kyau na nau'in, mai laushi da siliki, tare da haske mai haske, layin gashi, tsawonsa ya kai 1.8-2.0 cm Dabbar tana da gajere kuma mai gajerun jiki, wanda ya kai tsawon daga 32-34 cm, ba tare da an bayyana wuyan yanki ba ingantaccen ɓangare mai ƙarfi. Kafafu gajeru ne amma suna da karfi sosai. Yankin kirji yana da fadi da zurfin isa. Giraurin da ke bayan takalmin kafaɗa a cikin babban mutum ya kai kimanin 22-24 cm.
Hannun da ke zagaye yana da faɗin goshi mai faɗi da madaidaiciyar madaidaiciya. Matsakaicin tsayin goshin namiji mai girma shine 55 mm ko fiye, yayin da matan da suka manyanta kusan 50 mm ne.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Red-eyed hermeline or Pool Roodoog (Polonis) da masu kiwon Ingilishi suka yi kiwo a shekarar 1903 bisa asalin Holandais, kuma shuɗin ido mai launin shuɗi ko Pool Blauwoog (Hermine) ya fara bayyana a Jamus a shekara ta 1919 kuma shi dan ƙabilar amateur ne.
Brewararren yana da alamun manyan idanu masu mahimmanci, kazalika da ɗan zagaye da kaifi, an rufe su da gashi da kunnuwan da ke kusa, wanda bai fi 50-55 mm tsawo ba. Matsakaicin nauyi ko "rayuwa" na dabbar da ta balaga ita ce kilogiram 1.1-1.3, tare da yawan abin da ke faruwa na 65-72%.
Tsarin asali
Matsayi na asali don hermelin a halin yanzu yana da tsauri, kuma ya haɗa da samun dabbobi masu gashi na al'ada tare da sigogi masu zuwa:
- jiki mara nauyi ne, mai siffa mai fasali, ba tare da bayyana wuyansa ba;
- gabanin gajeru;
- karamin dodo wanda ya dace da jiki sosai;
- rashin dewlap a cikin mata;
- ulu na farin launi mai tsabta, ba tare da launin rawaya da launin toka ba, tare da bayyananniyar luster;
- launuka marasa launi;
- babban kuma gajere kai tsaye;
- babban girma, shuɗi ko launin launi na ido;
- kafa da kusa tare, da kyau sosai furred da kyau kunnuwa kunnuwa.
Girman jikin baligi ya zama sananne a cikin kusan kilogram 1.35... Dabbobin da ba su kai kilogiram 0.8 da sama da kilogiram 1.5 ba su dace da kiwo ba. Red-eyed hermelin ya bayyana a ƙarshen karni na sha tara, kuma mai shuɗi-shuɗi a cikin 1920. A cikin shekaru ashirin na karnin da ya gabata, an yi kiwon dabbobi tare da gajeren kunnuwa da gajeren bakinsu.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Tsattsauran ma'aunin nauyi tsakanin 750 g da sha'awar samun zomayen "super-dwarf" sun haifar da raguwar haihuwa sosai kuma bayyanar da ba ta wuce cuba twoa biyu a cikin kowace kwalliya ba.
Salon rayuwa da ɗabi'a
Hermelins suna da zamantakewa, abokantaka da son sani, suna da sha'awar shiga hannunsu kuma kusan basa jin kunya, sabili da haka suna saurin haɗuwa da mutane. Ba su saba da ƙauna da mutane ba, zomayen wannan nau'in suna mai da hankali ne kawai ga kansu, don haka yana da matukar muhimmanci a keɓe lokaci don sadarwa ta yau da kullun tare da irin wannan dabbobin gidan.
Kamar yadda aikin kula da gida ya nuna, za a iya horar da hermelin cikin tiren cikin sauƙi, tare da koyar da aiwatar da wasu umarni masu sauƙi waɗanda ba sa buƙatar gagarumar ƙoƙari daga dabbar gidan.
Wannan nau'in yana da halin rarrabuwar mutane ta hanyar ɗabi'a da ɗabi'a. Zomaye sun fi aiki da motsi, a matsayin doka, suna da halayyar fitarwa, saboda haka galibi suna kangararru. Zomaye galibi suna da natsuwa, rashin nutsuwa, wani lokacin ma har da ɗan lalaci ko ɗan taurin kai. Zomayen Polanda ba kawai zai yiwu ga mutane marasa aure ba, har ma ga manyan iyalai masu yara.
Tsawon rayuwa
Matsakaicin rayuwa na zomo na gida mai kwalliya na nau'in Hermelin ya fara ne daga shekaru bakwai, amma ta hanyar samar da irin wannan dabbobin tare da kyakkyawar kulawa, yana yiwuwa a ƙara wannan lokacin sosai.
Hermelin abun ciki a gida
Matakan da aka tsara don tabbatar da ingantaccen maganin hermelin a gida sun haɗa da ciyarwa na yau da kullun da daidaitaccen abinci, kiyaye kejin tsafta, sunbathing, da goge goge da yankan farji kamar yadda ake buƙata.
Zaɓin tantanin halitta da cikawa
Dole ne a sanya keji don zomo mai ado ta hanyar raga mai inganci kuma dole ne a sanye shi da pallet mai dacewa. Don karamin zomo, zaku iya siyan kejin da yakai 40x30x40 cm, kuma ga babban dabbar gidan, yajin ya zama cm 80x60x80. A cikin kejin, kuna buƙatar girka gida na musamman, ba babba ba, sannan kuma sanya sarari don motsi da cin abinci.
An haramta shi sosai don shigar da keji tare da dabba kusa da kayan aikin dumama ko a ɗakunan da aka tsara su. Tsarin zafin jiki mafi kyau na iska a cikin ɗaki ya zama 18-20 ° С tare da alamun alamun zafi a matakin 50%.
Kula da Kiwon Lafiya da Tsafta
Dole ne a tsabtace sel na yau da kullun... Dole ne a wanke shi sannan a kashe ƙwayoyin cuta sosai. Idan kejin zomo ba a sanye shi da tire na musamman ba, to ya kamata a sanya shimfiɗa mai zurfi a ƙasa, wanda ya kamata a sauya shi sau ɗaya a kowace kwana uku ko hudu.
Rashin kulawa da dokokin tsabtace jiki na yau da kullun yakan zama babban dalilin fatarar dabbar dabbar ta hanyar mai tsanani da wahala, cututtukan cututtuka.
Don cikakkiyar kulawa ta dace da gashin zomo, ya zama dole a sayi kayan haɗi na musamman, wanda aka wakilta ta hanyar tsefe, yankakke da tabarmi. An gyara ulu mai laushi a hankali tare da almakashi. An hana yin wanka da zomo, ba tare da la'akari da shekaru ba. Gyara ƙusoshin hermelina yayin da suka girma, kusan sau ɗaya a wata.
Yadda ake ciyar da Hermelina
Dalilin cikakken abinci shine cakuda hatsi da ciyawa mai inganci. Daga cikin sauran abubuwa, ya kamata a banbanta abincin dabbobin gida tare da 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari, kore mai laushi, amma ciyawar da ta bushe. Oats da alkama galibi ana amfani da su azaman abinci mai ƙarfi, kazalika da alkama croutons da rassan bishiyoyi kamar linden, birch, apple, Willow. A cikin keji na zomo, dole ne koyaushe a sami tsabtataccen ruwan sha da dutsen ma'adinai na musamman.
Zai zama mai ban sha'awa: me za a ciyar da zomaye
Cututtuka da lahani na asali
Babban cututtukan zomo na ado da aka ajiye a gida na iya wakiltar:
- cututtukan ciki;
- rana ko bugun zafi;
- raunin rauni;
- cututtuka na numfashi;
- pododermatitis;
- kamuwa da cuta;
- rickets;
- sanyi;
- cututtuka na rhinitis;
- dermatophytosis ko microsporia;
- kwayar cutar cututtukan jini;
- cututtukan stomatitis;
- myxomatosis;
- manna;
- staphylococcosis
- cutar listeriosis.
Fectsananan lahani na ƙwaya sun haɗa da ɗan ƙaramin launin rawaya ko launin toka, da kuma ƙarancin shekin sheki. Hakanan, za a iya wakiltar lahani ta ƙaƙƙarfan rawaya ko furfura, a tazara sosai, kaifi ko an rufe shi da kyau da gashi, na bakin ciki ko na jiki, da kunnuwa masu kaifi.
Kiwo hermelin
Hermelinas na ado suna balaga, kuma saboda haka a shirye suke don haifuwa, kimanin watanni shida ko takwas. Mace tana zaune tare da namiji, amma idan ta kasance mai nuna halin tashin hankali, to dabbobin gida su zauna... A matsayinka na ƙa'ida, ana barin mace a cikin farautar da kuma namiji da ya manyanta ta hanyar jimawa tare tsawon kwanaki biyar.
Ciki na zomo na cikin gida yana dauke da kimanin wata daya, kuma kimanin mako daya kafin farawar okrol, mace ta fara gina gidajan rayayye. Ana ba da shawarar cire zomayen daga cikin mace kawai a wata daya da rabi. Kada ku haɗu da zomaye na kwalliyar kwalliya fiye da sau biyu a shekara.
Siyan zomo na Hermelin
Dodan zomayen gida na Hermelin a halin yanzu ba su da mashahuri tare da masu kiwo, idan aka kwatanta da dwarfs masu launi, amma ba su da wata ma'ana ta musamman, a cikin ƙasarmu da ƙasashen waje.
Mahimmanci!Lokacin zabar dabbar dabba, ya kamata a ba da hankali na musamman ga bayyanar kunnuwa, wanda ya kamata ya zama ƙanana da zagaye. Kunnuwa waɗanda suka fi girma halayen halayyar hermelin mara tsabta ne. Lafiyayyen dabba ya kamata ya kasance mai aiki, tare da motsa jiki mai kyau da idanu masu kwalliya, ba tare da fitowar jini ba.
Don sayan ya yi nasara, dole ne a sayi zomo mai ado a cikin ingantattun wuraren nurseries ko kuma shagunan dabbobi na musamman. Zai fi kyau a sayi zomo mai wata ɗaya da rabi ko wata biyu. Kudin kayan kwalliyar kwalliyar kwalliyar kwalliya ko zomo baje kolin fara daga dubu uku rubles.
Binciken mai shi
Hermelins suna da kyau sosai kuma suna da tsabta, kuma suna da ƙwarewa sosai kuma suna iya haɗawa da mai shi sosai, suna masu kula da baƙi. Irin wannan kyakkyawar dabbar kyakkyawa tana da iko ta rinjayi duk wanda ke kusa da shi da sauri, amma yana da hali mai ƙarfi da ɗan taurin kai.
Sau da yawa, hermelinas da farko suna girma sosai ba tare da daidaito ba - a cikin irin wannan dabbobin gidan, ko dai an cika bakin ko kunnuwan. Matsakaicin lokacin irin wannan "mummunan amfani," a matsayin mai ƙa'ida, yana ɗaukar tsawon watanni shida, kuma cikakkiyar samuwar zomo mai ado yana ƙarewa, mafi yawan lokuta ta shekara.
Duk wani zomaye, ta dabi'unsu, dabbobi ne na yankuna, sabili da haka, a cikin daji, kowane mutum yana da nasa, kowane irin mink. Koyaya, zomayen kayan kwalliya suna da son sadarwa tare da takwarorinsu a gaban yankin tsaka tsaki.
Yana da ban sha'awa!A gida, zaku iya samun wasu zomayen dodanni kuma kuyi ƙoƙari ku sanya su abokai. An lura da mafi ƙarancin tashin hankali idan an kiyaye dabbobin tun suna kanana.
An bambanta Germelin da ƙoshin lafiya mai kyau, da ciyarwa mai dacewa da tafiye-tafiye na yau da kullun a waje da kejin, gami da allurar rigakafin shekara-shekara, suna ba da damar irin wannan dabbobin gidan su zauna a cikin gida tsawon shekaru goma ko fiye.
Ya kamata a lura cewa a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, ƙaramin adadin herbred na purebred ana kiwo a cikin gandun daji da kulake. Yawancin masu kiwo sun fi so su riƙe waɗannan zomayen ado kawai azaman haɓaka ga wasu nau'ikan nau'ikan dwarf.
