Astrilda (Estrilda) - ƙanana masu girman tsuntsaye na dangin finchi (Estrildidae). Jinsin Astrilda ya sami wakiltar manyan jinsuna goma sha bakwai.
Bayani da bayyana
Masu saƙa Finch, ba tare da la'akari da nau'in ba, suna da kusan baki mai haske, kuma bayanan waje na iya bambanta sosai:
- marsh astrild (Estrilda radiodisola) - yana da jiki tsawon 10 cm... An wakilta nau'ikan nau'ikan yanayin kasa guda shida, wadanda suka bambanta a launuka masu launuka. Babban launin fuka-fukan launin toka, launin ruwan kasa, ja da baƙar fata-launin ruwan kasa. Makogwaron fari ne kuma ciki ruwan hoda ne;
- wavy astrild (Estrilda astrild) - yana da jiki, tsayin 10.5-12.5 cm... Jikin yana launin ruwan kasa a saman gefe, tare da fikafikan duhu da kuma salon wavy. Halin sifa na jinsin shine kasancewar jan layi kusa da idanuwa;
- launin rawaya-mai raɗaɗi ko launin fure mai launin ruwan toka (Estrilda melanotis) - yana da jiki, tsawon 9-10 cm... Siffofin ƙasa daban-daban sun bambanta a launuka masu launi. Fom din takara yana da wuya mai duhu da kai, da kuma murfin lemu mai hade da murfin sama;
- ja-gefe astrild (Estrilda thomеnsis) - yana da jiki, bai fi tsayin cm 11 ba... Maza suna da kambi mai launin toka-toka, baya, da murfin bango. Mata sun bambanta da maza ta rashin cikakken jan wuri a bayanta;
- ja-wutse astrild (Estrilda cairulesens) - yana da jiki, bai fi tsayi 10.5-11.0 cm ba... Maza da mata suna da launi iri ɗaya. Sashin babba na kai, yankin wuya da baya, har da fuka-fukai masu launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi-shuɗi;
- Astrilda mai kumburarriyar lemu (Estrilda melroda) - yana da jiki mai tsayin 10 cm... Halin sifa na wannan nau'in shine kasancewar wurin lemu a tsakiyar ciki;
- launin toka mai launin toka (Estrilda trоglоdytеs) - yana da jiki, tsayin 9-10 cm... A saman jikin namiji, launin toka-ruwan kasa mai launin toka-toka da ratsiyoyin rabe-raben da ba a fahimta ba, kuma kirjin yana da launin ruwan hoda. Mata suna da launi mai launi kuma kusan basu da launin ruwan hoda;
- bridle astrilda (Estrilda rhodoryga) - yana da jiki, bai fi tsayin cm 11 ba... Siffofin ƙasa daban-daban sun bambanta kaɗan a launuka masu launi. Tsarin arewa ana ɗaukar shi mafi yaduwa.
Ba masu ƙarancin sha'awa ba jinsuna ne irin su masu launin toka-toka, na enambrian da na larabawa, masu baƙi-da-fari ko masu ban tsoro, haka nan masu fuska baƙi, masu baƙar fata, masu ƙyalƙyali da baƙi masu laushi ko marainan ido.
Wurin zama da mazauni
An rarraba nau'ikan da yawa daga Angola zuwa yankunan arewa na yankin ƙasar Zambiya, haka kuma a ƙasan koguna da kuma kudancin Najeriya. An samo shi a Habasha da gabashin Sudan, a yankin kudu maso yamma na Uganda da yankin arewa maso yamma na ƙasar Tanzania.
Suna zaune ne a cikin dazuzzuka masu ciyawa da ciyawa, waɗanda suke a yankin bakin kogi ko kuma kusa da wuraren ajiyar ruwa. Wasu nau'ikan sun fi son zama a gefen gefen gandun daji, a yankuna masu ƙanƙanci, har ma da kusancin gidajen ɗan adam.
Rayuwa da tsawon rai
Astrilds na yau da kullun ne, na jan hankali.... Suna da motsi sosai. Dukkanin jinsin mace daya ne, saboda haka suna rayuwa bibbiyu, kuma namiji yana da hannu kai tsaye wajen kiwon zuriya, gina gida da kyankyasar kwan.
Matsakaicin tsawon rayuwa ga yawancin jinsuna bai wuce shekaru biyar ko bakwai a cikin bauta ba, kuma koren astrild a cikin keji ko aviary na iya rayuwa sama da shekara guda.
Kiyaye Astrild a gida
Astrildas suna da daraja sosai ga manoman kaji ba kawai don kyan su da bayyanar su ba, amma kuma don daɗinsu, da waƙa mai daɗi.
Irin waɗannan ƙananan tsuntsaye an rarrabe su ta hanyar zamantakewa da abokantaka, suna iya saurin amfani da su ga mutane kuma suyi dace sosai da keji ko abubuwan ciki a cikin fursuna.
Shirye-shiryen tantanin halitta
Kusan dukkanin jinsi suna samun saukin kai ba wai kawai a cikin rukunin tsuntsaye masu gauraye ba, har ma a tsakanin jinsi daya... Granananan katako da wakilan dangin tattabaru, gami da kurciya mai ɗauke da lu'ulu'u, za su kasance manyan kamfanoni.
Mahimmanci!Kejin ko aviary ya zama mai yawan gaske don ba da damar tsuntsayen su tashi sama da kuma kula da motsa jiki da ake buƙata don kula da lafiya.
Haskewar taurari masu son zafi suna da wahalar jure zane da sanyi, saboda haka kejin ko aviary suna zaune a ɗakunan ɗumi. Ana shigar da tsire-tsire iri-iri masu rai a cikin aviary, waɗanda tsuntsaye ke amfani da su sosai don yin gida. Don hunturu da kuma matsayin masauki, zaku iya sanya ƙaramin gida a cikin aviary.
Yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa tazara tsakanin sandunan ƙarfe a cikin keji ko aviary bazai wuce 10 mm ba. Kamar yadda ake cikawa da kowane irin kayan haɗi waɗanda aka girka a cikin keɓaɓɓu da aviaries, ana amfani da masu ba da abinci na yau da kullun, masu shaye-shaye, kwanukan wanka da kuma wuraren zama, har ma da gidajen gida.
Kulawa da tsafta
A yayin aiwatarwa, dole ne a tuna cewa rashin hasken rana, da kuma yanayin ƙarancin yanayin zafin jiki a cikin ɗakin da kejin ko aviary yake, ya zama babban dalilin keta narkar da naman. A wannan yanayin, plumage yana samun lalataccen yanayin bayyanar yanayi.
Mahimmanci!An haramta shi sosai don amfani da kowane abu mai tsabta wanda ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu guba don wanke kejin ko kayan haɗi.
Levelsara yawan ɗumi a cikin ɗaki kuma yana da mummunar tasiri ga lafiyar dabbar fuka-fukai. Dole ne tsuntsaye su kasance da tsabta. Ana yin babban tsabtace kejin ko aviary sau ɗaya a mako, kuma yakamata a shayar da masu ciyarwa da masu sha a kowace rana.
Yadda ake ciyar da Astrilds
Astrilds tsuntsaye ne masu girma, saboda haka ana iya amfani da abincin kanari na yau da kullun don abincin su. Daga cikin wasu abubuwan, ana ba da shawarar a ba da abinci lokaci zuwa tsuntsu na asalin dabbobi, wanda tsutsotsi na abinci, aphids, da sauran ƙananan ƙwari ke wakilta.
Yayinda ake tattara kayan abinci kai tsaye, yana da kyau a fifita fifikon alkama, 'ya'yan itatuwa iri-iri, da kuma kayan abinci mai kyau wanda ya dogara da gero, da kuma abubuwan da aka nika da hatsi tare da ofan ƙaramin kunnawa ko gawayi da kuma farfesun ƙwai.
Yana da ban sha'awa!Astrilda yana da saurin tsari na saurin rayuwa, wanda ya samu ne saboda karamin tsuntsayen, sabili da haka tsarin narkewar abinci a cikin irin wannan gashin dabbar fuka-fuki ya samu cikin kankanin lokaci.
Cututtuka da magani
Cututtuka a cikin tsuntsaye masu ado suna da sauƙin hanawa fiye da haka don kula da dabbar da ke rashin lafiya mai tsananikuma. Mafi yawan cututtukan da ba na cututtuka ba sun hada da:
- karaya da kumburi;
- raunin fata;
- shan kashi ta kwarkwata;
- raunuka tare da ciwon gamasid;
- knemidocoptosis;
- shan kashi ta helminths;
- coccidiosis;
- sanyi ko sanyi;
- konewa;
- cututtukan cututtukan cututtuka yayin kwan ƙwai;
- avitaminosis.
Babban haɗari yana tattare da cututtukan cututtuka masu tsanani, waɗanda ƙananan ƙwayoyi, salmonellosis, tarin fuka, aspergillosis, scab da mura tsuntsaye ke wakilta. Bayan tsuntsu ya fada cikin kamuwa, cikakkiyar fahimtar bukatun halitta don motsi, abinci, gami da bayyanar halaye iri daban-daban sun rikice, wanda ke haifar da matsalolin da ke tattare da metabolism.
Mahimmanci!Matsalar karbuwa ga kamuwa tana da matukar damuwa ga kamawa, tuni tsuntsaye manya.
Binciken mai shi
Birdsananan tsuntsaye masu ado da sauri sukan saba da kejin ko aviary, amma ba kamar mashahurin mashahurai da kanari ba, sun fi tsoron mai gidansu a tsawon rayuwarsu. Yanayin irin wannan tsuntsun yana da nutsuwa da kwanciyar hankali, amma yana da matukar ƙwarin gwiwa ka ɗauki dabbar fuka-fuka a hannunka ko bugun jini, tunda a wannan yanayin kaji na cikin mawuyacin hali.
Astrilda abu ne mai sauƙin kulawa, ba mai yawan cuwa-cuwa ba, kuma baya buƙatar ƙarin kulawa ga kansu. Adadin yau da kullun don bayar da abincin hatsi shine cokali ɗaya da rabi na kowane tsuntsu baligi. Tsuntsayen da aka saba da su kuma suka dace ba zai haifar da matsala ga mai su ba, kuma yana yin sauƙin sauƙaƙe, don haka farashin irin wannan dabbar fuka-fukan cikin gida yana da araha.
