Kifi mai suna mai suna Apistogram Ramirezi mai suna mai kyan gani kusan shekaru 70 yana daɗaɗa masu ruwa da ruwa, haɗuwa da kyau, rashin faɗi, shiri koyaushe don haifuwa da kwanciyar hankali da ba safai ga cichlids ba.
Ramirezi apistogram a cikin yanayi
An fara ganin wannan dwarf cichlid a 1947, mafi yawan godiya ga wani masanin dabbobin Amazon, ɗan Kolombiya Manuel Vincent Ramirez, wanda ke tare da balaguron kimiyya na Ba'amurken G. Blass.
A shekara mai zuwa, an rarraba kofin kuma aka gabatar wa duniya da sunan Apistogramma ramirezi... Bayaninta, wanda Dr. George Sprague Myers da R. R. Harry, sun bayyana a cikin mujallar Aquarium (Philadelphia).
Tun daga wannan lokacin, kifin, a matsayin sahibin mai aikata manyan laifuka, ya canza sunaye koyaushe (Ramirez apistogram, butterfly apistogram, Ramirez apistogram, butterfly chromis, ramirezka) kuma ya koma bisa umarnin masana kimiyyar halitta daga wannan jinsi zuwa wani har sai ya ragu a cikin yanayin Mikrogeophagus.
Bayyanar, kwatancin
Chromis-butterfly na mallakar tsari ne na perchiformes kuma ana ɗaukarsa ɗayan mafi ƙarancin kifin aquarium cichlids, yana girma har zuwa cm 5-7. Mata sun bambanta da maza a girma (na ƙarshen sun fi girma) da launin ciki (Crimson - a cikin mata, lemu - a cikin maza).
Mahimmanci! Akwai wasu alamun rabe-raben: mace tana da bakin tabo na gefen baki wanda ke zagaye da walƙiya, kuma haskoki na ƙwanƙolin ƙarewa (na biyu da na uku) sun fi gajarta fiye da na abokin. Hakanan ana "bayar dashi" ta farkon haskoki na ƙwanƙolin dorsal, mai tsayi da launi mai launi.
Apistogram na ramirezi ya wanzu a cikin zaɓuɓɓuka launuka daban-daban da siffofi: balan-balan, zinariya, shuɗin lantarki, neon, mayafi da albino.
Koyaya, akwai daidaitaccen launi, wanda ke tattare da asalin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi mai shuɗi da jan goshi / baki. Idanuwa galibi ana yi musu alama da manyan ɗigo-uku.
Ana iya ganin wurare masu duhu a bayanta, suna gudana cikin sauƙi zuwa ratsiyoyi masu ratsa ƙasa. Tare da farkon haihuwa, yankan rago (musamman ma maza) suna canzawa - launi na Sikeli ya zama mai haske, violet-blue.
Rarrabawa, wuraren zama
Apistogram na ramirezi ɗan asalin Kudancin Amurka ne, mafi dacewa, Bolivia, Venezuela da Colombia. Kifi sun gwammace su zauna a cikin ruwa mara ƙanƙara, suna zaune rafuka masu ƙyalli da rafuka masu gudana zuwa cikin Orinoco.
A cikin raƙuman ruwa na wannan babban kogin, musamman ma inda babu na yanzu, kifin baya taɓa yin sanyi: koda a cikin Janairu, watan sanyi na shekara, ruwan zafin bai sauka ƙasa da + 22 + 26 ° С, kuma da rana tsakar rana koyaushe yana birgima akan + 30 ° DAGA.
Baya ga ɗumi mai ɗumi, ɗumbin ruwa na cikin gida suna nuna ɗan ƙaramin abu mai guba daga 5.5 zuwa 6.5 pH da ƙananan taurin (0-2 ° dGH). Apistogram na malam buɗe ido shima yana nuna bin ka'idoji iri ɗaya a cikin fursuna.
Adana ramirezi a gida
Samun samfurin kifayen Kudancin Amurka an tilasta su daidaitawa zuwa fannoni da yawa na alamomin ruwa, tare da rage buƙatun yin taurin ruwa na wucin gadi da kuma amfani da su da canjin yanayin zafi.
Wannan shine dalilin da yasa masana ilimin kimiya suke daukar Apistogramma ramirezi halittun da basu da girman kai, suna basu shawarar kiyayewa da kiwo harma ga masanan ruwa marasa kwarewa.
Bukatun akwatin kifaye
Ma'auratan kifi guda biyu zasuyi godiya agareku saboda "gidaje" wanda zai iya daukar lita 30 ko sama da haka, tare da tacewa mai kyau da kuma motsa jiki, harma da canza ruwan sati-sati... Me kuma masu yankan ragon ku zasu buƙata?
- Haske mai haske sama, mafi kyau fiye da shuɗi da fari don jaddada turquoise, emerald da saffhire Sikeli.
- Buɗe wuri don yin iyo kyauta da wuraren inuwa don mafakar da aka lulluɓe ta lili na ruwa ko echinodorus.
- Duk wani ciyayi mai kore (ban da ciyawar da aka ja-ja).
- Manyan santsi na launin toka ko basalt / gabbro, da 2-3an busasshiyar bishiyar tsire-tsire 2-3.
- Yakamata ƙasa da bayan akwatin kifaye ya zama tilo, zai fi dacewa duhu.
Yi ƙoƙarin yin hakan don haskakawar rana lokaci-lokaci yana kutsawa cikin akwatin kifaye: a cikin haskensu, ƙyallen kromis ɗin zai kasance mai bayyana musamman.
Bukatun ruwa
Dwarf cichlids suna buƙatar tsabta, ɗan acidic, muhallin ruwa mai iska. Sami mai hada abu don samar da iskar shaka.
Acidarancin acidity yana da mahimmanci musamman don haɓakawa: idan baza ku iya haifar da haifuwar apistogram ba, tsaka tsaki har ma da ruwan alkaline kadan zasuyi. Zai fi kyau idan yayi laushi, amma nau'ikan kromis na akwatin kifaye kuma suna jurewa ruwa mai matsakaici.
Idan ruwan yayi girgije kuma ya cika shi da abubuwan sharar gida, kifin zai mutu... Sanya matattara mai ƙarfi don hana mutuwarsu. Hakanan kuna buƙatar hita mai iya dumamawa har zuwa + 24 + 30 ° С.
Apistogram na Butterfly apistogram zai jure mafi matsakaicin zazzabi, amma a cikin ruwan dumi kifin zai zama yafi wasa da haske.
Ramirezi apistogram kulawa
Idan kana son chromis su sami cikakken farin cikin kasancewarsu, gabatar dasu da akwatin kifaye mai gudana. Yawanci irin waɗannan tsarukan masu tsada ana samun su ga ƙwararru waɗanda ke kiwon kifi akai-akai.
Masoya suna iyakance ga canje-canje na ruwa: har zuwa 30% - mako-mako ko 10% - kowace rana. Ruwan da za'a saka kuma za'a maye gurbinsa dole ne ya kasance yana da kwatankwacin kayan jiki da na sinadarai.
Apistogram na Ramirezi ba zai iya tsayawa gaban chlorine ba. Don yin danshin, ka tsaya ruwan famfo na tsawon kwanaki, kar ka manta da kullum share shi.
Kowace kwanaki 14, a layi daya tare da canjin ruwa, ana tsabtace ƙasa. Idan akwai kifi da yawa a cikin akwatin kifaye, ana tsabtace ƙasa kowane kwana 7. Wadannan magudin zasu adana shi daga yawan zafin jiki da samuwar wuce haddi.
Gina Jiki, abinci
Apistogram suna cin kowane abinci: rayuwa (daphnia, bloodworms, corotra, tubifex), haka kuma suna da daskarewa da bushewa, suna sabawa da na ƙarshen a cikin makonni 1-2.
Mahimmanci! Girman gutsutsuren abinci bai kamata ya wuce girman kayan ƙwarin chromis ba. In ba haka ba, karamin bakinta kawai ba zai iya jurewa da abinci ba.
Ramirezok za'a iya ciyar dashi tare da pellets na discus... Tunda waɗannan cichlids suna tattara abinci galibi a ƙasan, pellets na iya zama a wurin (har sai an ci su gaba ɗaya) na kusan rubu'in awa.
Don akwatin kifaye na jinsin, duk abincin ya dace, na gama gari - wadanda ke nutsewa ne kawai: don makwabta da ke yawo a saman basu wuce chromis ba, wadanda suka fi son kananan matakan ruwa.
Idan zaku jefa abincin daskararre ga kifin, jira shi ya narke kafin aika shi zuwa akwatin kifaye.
Kiwo ramirezi
A watanni 4-6, kifin da ya girma zuwa 3 cm a shirye yake don haifuwa. Kifayen suna da aminci ga junan su kuma suna mannewa matuƙar sun sami damar haifuwar zuriya. Amma yawanci yana da matukar wahala a samu ma'aurata masu kyawawan dabi'un iyaye: Chromis galibi suna cin ƙwai ko kuma ba su kula da shi.
Yanayin yanayi:
- akwatin kifaye daga lita 15, tare da manyan duwatsu, ciyayi da yashi mara nauyi;
- tsayin ruwa kusan 8-10 cm, acid ɗin da zafin jiki sun ɗan zarce na babban akwatin kifaye;
- yana buƙatar raƙuman ruwa mai rauni da hauhawar yau da kullun (don ta da zuriya).
Kama, wanda galibi ake ɗauka daga wuri zuwa wuri, ya ƙunshi kwai 50 zuwa 400. Duk iyayen biyu suna rarrabe ƙwai, suna kawar da matattu.
Lokacin shiryawa (awanni 45-80) ya ƙare da bayyanar tsutsa, wanda daga baya ya zama soya, yana buƙatar ciyarwa. Amma ba duk yara bane (har ma a cikin kyakkyawan yanayi) suke rayuwa.
Daidaitawa tare da sauran kifaye
Don apistogram na Ramirezi, zaluncin intraspecific (yankuna) ya fi halayyar rarrabuwa. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa waɗannan -an-kamun-kazar-kazar ke zama tare da sauran cichlids masu natsuwa da kifi kamar:
- jan takobi;
- guppies masu lullubi (maza);
- ƙaya, iris da zebrafish;
- neons, rasbora da tetras;
- gourami, kifin kifin mai zaman lafiya da lalius;
- zakara da aku;
- scalars, kananan barbs da discus.
Mahimmanci! Ramirezi Apistogram bai dace da kifi mai girma da kama da yaƙi ba, gami da manyan cichlids, piranhas da kifin kifi. Unguwa tare da kifin zinare shima an hana shi.
Tsawon rayuwa
Rayuwar chromis, priori ba shi da alaƙa da dogon rai, ya dogara da yawan zafin ruwan akwatin kifaye... An yi imanin cewa a + 25 suna rayuwa na kimanin shekaru 4, kuma a + 27 + 30 - kawai 'yan shekaru. Idan karatun zafin jiki ya kasance ƙasa da digiri + 24, masu yankan rago suna rashin lafiya kuma da sauri su mutu.
Inda zan sayi apistogram ramirezi, farashin
Ana sayar da kifin ta shagunan kan layi da masu shayarwa masu zaman kansu, yana mai nuna farashin demokraɗiyya gaba ɗaya wanda ya fara daga 100 zuwa 300 rubles.
Idan kana buƙatar kyakkyawar garken tumaki, sayi ramirezok daga masu shayarwa uku ko huɗu (kwafi 3-4 kowanne). Zai fi kyau a yi haka da rana, don 'yan garken nan da nan su saba da juna. In ba haka ba, tsofaffin masu ƙayyadaddun lokaci (musamman a cikin ƙaramin akwatin kifaye) na iya ƙoƙarin kawar da sababbin baƙi ta hanyar yanka su har lahira.
Kalli baƙi har sai sun zauna a sabon wuri: idan akwai barazanar rikici, raba abokan adawar juna da gilashin raba gilashi. Dasa tsire-tsire masu daɗi inda kifin da maƙwabta suka ɓata rai zai iya ɓoyewa.
Mahimmanci! Lokacin zabar chromis, kar a ɗauki kifi mai saurin kamawa: launi mai haske sau da yawa saboda gabatarwar hormones ko abinci na musamman. A jefar da shuke-shuken shuke-shuke da motley undergrowth, suna mai da hankali kan ƙananan cichlids na 1.5-2.5 cm, ɗan bambancin launi.
Binciken mai shi
Wadanda suka fara kiwo na Ramirezi apistogram nan da nan suka lura da ingancinsu na ban mamaki: kifi baya tono kasa, kar ya tuge ko tumbuke tsire-tsire na akwatin kifaye, ta yadda za'a iya sanya chromis cikin aminci a cikin mafi yawan kayan marmari na ganye.
Ana ba da shawarar kowane irin ciyayi azaman flori na akwatin kifaye, misali, eleocharis parvula, vallisneria da haƙƙin sarari mai iyo (eichornia ko pistia). Idan akwatin kifaye yana da takamaiman takamaiman, baku buƙatar rufe shi - firam ɗin ba sa fita daga ruwan... Kuma wannan ƙari ɗaya ne daga jerin fa'idodin su.
Masu mallakar Apistogram sun ba da shawarar girka fitila don haske (alal misali, Marin Glo), wanda ke inganta launi na kifin Kudancin Amurka.
