Kifi na akwatin kifaye

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Ba dukkanin kifin kifin da ke haskakawa yake da ƙarancin yanayi ba. Wasu nau'ikan kifin gobarar zamani sunyi aiki tukuru ta hanyar jinsin Asiya.

Me yasa kifi ke haske

Kifin da aka haskaka daga ciki jinsin jellyfish na Pacific wanda aka “saka” a cikin DNA, wanda ke da alhakin sakin furotin mai kyalli mai kyalli. Gwajin yana da babban burin kimiyya: batutuwan sun zama alamun gurɓataccen ruwa, suna mai da martani tare da sauya launi zuwa gubobi masu illa.

Masana ilimin kimiyyar halittu sun raba sakamakon kwarewar da aka samu a dandalin kimiyya, inda suka nuna hoton wani kifi mai saurin canzawa, wanda ya jawo hankalin kamfanin da ke sayar da kifin akwatin kifaye. Nan da nan aka umarci masana kimiyya su hayayyafa da mutane masu launi daban-daban, wanda suka yi, suna ba zebrafish rerio da kwayar halittar teku, wacce ta ba su jan launi.... Haske mai launin rawaya saboda haɗuwa da ƙwayoyin halitta biyu - jellyfish da murjani.

Unionungiyar kimiyya da kasuwanci ta sami kambi tare da ƙirƙirar alamar GloFish (daga haske - "haskakawa" da kifi - "kifi"), wanda ya zama sunan haƙƙin mallaka don kifin mai kyalli mai haske. Babban kamfanin masana'antar su shine Taikong Corporation (Taiwan), wanda ke samar da samfuran rayuwa ƙarƙashin alamar GloFish ga Amurka.

Kuma a cikin 2011, an sake inganta kamfanin kifin mai haske tare da brothersan'uwansa masu canza launin shuɗi da shuɗi.

Nau'ikan kifin akwatin kifaye

Darajar zama "farkon ƙuraren ruwa" na farko a cikin ruwa ya faɗi ne ga kifin zebraf (Brachydanio rerio) da baƙon Japan ko kifin shinkafa (Oryzias javanicus). Dukansu nau'ikan sun sami sunan waka "Lu'ulu'u Na Dare"... Yanzu sun haɗu da wasu nau'ikan da ke da nau'ikan haɗuwa da ƙwayoyin jellyfish da murjani: "Red Starfish", "Green Electricity", "Blue of the Cosmos", "Orange Ray" da "Purple of the Galaxy".

Bayan shekara ta 2012, an ƙara waɗannan masu zuwa ga kifin da ke da tasirin gaske:

  • Sumatran barb (Puntius tetrazona);
  • scalar (Pterophyllum scalare);
  • ƙaya (Gymnocorymbus ternetzi);
  • black-striped cichlid (Amatitlania nigrofasciata).

Masana kimiyya sun yarda cewa ya fi musu wahala su yi aiki tare da cichlids saboda wahalar haihuwa da ƙananan ƙwayayen ƙwai (idan aka kwatanta da zebrafish da medaka).

Yana da ban sha'awa! Soya na karɓar damar haske daga iyayensu masu rikitarwa. Tasirin mai kyalli yana kasancewa tare da duk GloFish daga lokacin haihuwa zuwa mutuwa, yana samun babban haske yayin da suke tsufa.

Fasali na abun ciki

Saboda sauƙin sauƙi na GloFish, ana ba da shawarar a ajiye har ma da masanan ruwa masu ƙwarewa.

Hali da abinci mai gina jiki

Wadannan kifayen da kyar sun banbanta da danginsu na '' yanci '': suna da girma iri daya, dabi'un abincinsu, tsawonsu da kuma yadda suke rayuwa, banda wasu bayanai. Don haka, ba su da bambancin bambancin jinsi saboda launi iri ɗaya na maza da mata. Ana rarrabe na karshen ne kawai ta hanyar abubuwanda ke ciki na ciki.

Halittun da aka canza dabi'unsu suna cin ingantaccen abinci, gami da bushewa, daskararre, kayan lambu da kuma rayuwa (kananan daphnia, kwarin jini, da koretra). GloFish yana da halaye na abokantaka: suna rayuwa daidai tare da masu kawowa, har ma da zakaru da lalius. Taboo kawai shine cichlids, wanda ke ƙoƙarin cinye "ƙuraren wuta" ba tare da la'akari da girman ƙoshin su ba.

Aquarium da haske

Kifin Transgenic ba shi da wata damuwa game da girman akwatin kifaye: kowane, ba ma babban kwano mai zurfi tare da murfi zai dace da su ba, inda za a cinye tsire-tsire na ruwa tare da yankuna kyauta don iyo. Ruwan ya zama mai dumi sosai (+ digiri 28 + 29), suna da ƙarancin acid a cikin kewayon 6-7.5 da taurin kusan 10.

Yana da ban sha'awa! Kifi ba ya fitar da haske lokacin da aka fallasa shi da kwararan fitila na yau da kullun. Sunadaran, wadanda ake samarwa ga jikinsu, suna samun kansu a cikin hasken ultraviolet da shudi mai haske.

Idan kana son matsakaicin haske, dole ne ka nemi cocilan fitilu na musamman da aka tsara musamman don kifin da aka canza shi. Girman shaharar GloFish ya sa masana'antun kayan haɗin kifaye kera kayan ado na wucin gadi da shuke-shuke waɗanda launuka suka yi daidai da na kifin.

'Yan kasuwa daga China da Taiwan sun ci gaba ta hanyar sakewa, tare da kayan ado masu ƙyalli, aquariums masu haske tare da launukan ninkaya na GloFish.

Neon

Kifi na farko, wanda ana kulawa da haskakawa ta ɗabi'a, ana ɗaukarsa azaman shuɗin shuɗi wanda ke rayuwa a cikin raƙuman ruwa na Amazon.... Wanda ya fara kamun kifin a shekarar 1935 wani Bafaranshe ne mai suna Auguste Rabot yana farautar kada. A tsakiyar ganima ga kada da ke gabar Kogin Ucayali, zazzabi mai zafi ya sa shi. Ya daɗe yana kan mutuwa da mutuwa, kuma idan ya farka, ya so ya sha. Sun debo masa ruwa kuma a ciki Rabo ya lura da wani karamin kifi mai haske.

Don haka ɗan asalin Kudancin Amurka, neon, yayi ƙaura zuwa ga akwatin ruwa na mazaunan birni. Neon yana da wahalar rikicewa tare da sauran kifaye na akwatin kifaye.

Mahimmanci! Alamar kasuwanci alama ce mai haske mai shuɗi mai shuɗi wanda ke gudana tare da jiki, daga ido zuwa jela. Raƙumar namiji kusan madaidaiciya ce, mace tana ɗan lankwasawa a tsakiya.

Dukkannin jinsi biyu suna da farin ciki da kuma fika-fikai a bayyane. Ana iya ganin iyakar farin madara a bayan ƙofar.

Yaran da suka balaga ba masu rikitarwa ba ne kuma suna iya jure saukad da zazzabi daga +17 zuwa + digiri 28, kodayake za su yi godiya ga maigidan don ƙananan matakan (+ 18 +23). Matsaloli galibi suna tasowa lokacin kiwo, don haka a hankali suke shiryawa don haɓaka, bayan sun sami akalla akwatin kifaye na lita 10.

A cikin 1956, duniya ta koya game da kasancewar jan neon da ke zaune a tafkunan Kudancin Amurka. Ya bambanta da shuɗi a cikin girma, girma har zuwa 5 cm, kuma a cikin ƙarfin jan launi, yana rufe kusan duka rabin jikin.

Red neons sun zo ƙasarmu kuma sun fara ninka a cikin 1961. Suna ƙunshe da su kamar yadda ba a saba da su ba, amma suna fuskantar matsaloli masu yawa game da kiwo. Fa'idodin nau'ikan nau'in neons sun haɗa da salamar su da ikon rayuwa tare ba tare da rikici tare da sauran baƙi na akwatin kifaye.

Gracilis da sauransu

Baya ga ja da shuɗi neon, haske mai ƙyalƙyali na halitta ya mallaki:

  • fitilar tetra;
  • costello ko neon kore;
  • kadinal;
  • gracilis ko ruwan hoda neon.

Fitilar Tetra, wacce tazo daga Basin Amazon, ana kiranta haka saboda yanayin ɗabi'un da ke jiki: zinare yana ƙawata ƙarshen ƙwanƙolin caudal, kuma launin ja yana kan ido.

Neon kore (costello) bashi ne da sunan zuwa koren zaitun na saman rabin ƙwanso. Halfasan rabin yana da inuwa mara haske mara haske.

Kadinal (alba nubes) sanannen masanan ruwa ne da sunaye da yawa: zebrafish na kasar Sin, maɗaukakiyar minnow da ɗan ƙaryar ƙarya.

Yana da ban sha'awa! Yaran yara (har zuwa watanni 3 da haihuwa) suna nuna zane mai shuɗi mai shuɗi wanda yake ƙetare ɓangarorinsu a kowane gefen. Tare da farkon haihuwa, ragowar ta bace.

Gracilis, aka erythrozonus, ana rarrabe shi ta jiki mai tsayi mai tsayi, wanda yake yankewa ta cikin layin dogon haske mai haske... Yana farawa sama da ido kuma ya ƙare a ƙofar ƙarewa.

Bidiyo game da hasken kifin akwatin kifaye

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Kalli bidiyon: Great Catch of fish in Iceland waters. (Nuwamba 2024).