Hamsters (Crsetinae) gori ne na dangin Khomyakov. Suna da ƙanana a girma, sun fi yawa a tsarin mulki, beraye waɗanda ke da gaɓoɓi da gaɓoɓi, ƙananan kunnuwa da gajerun jela.
Abin da za a nema lokacin siyan
Lokacin zabar da siyan dabbobin gida kamar hamster, ya zama dole ayi bincike sosai game da dabbar:
- da farko, kana buƙatar bincika idanun, waɗanda yakamata su kasance masu daɗi, masu daɗi da walƙiya, ba ƙaiƙayi ba kuma ba tare da fitowar cuta ba;
- kai ma kana bukatar nazarin dubura. A kusa da ramin, ba za a lalata fur tare da ɓoyewa ba, tun da a wannan yanayin yana yiwuwa a ɗauka tsawan zawo a cikin dabba, wanda ba wai kawai rashin daidaito a cikin abinci mai gina jiki ba ne, amma har ma da cututtukan cututtuka ko na haɗari;
- a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, dole ne a bincika suturar a hankali, wanda dole ne ya kasance yana da ɗamara, mai sheki, mai walƙiya ko santsi, cikakkiyar bayyanar lafiya.
Bayan an gama binciken hamster na waje, ya kamata a ɗauki dabbar a hankali a hannuwanku kuma a hankali ku ji:
- Abun cikin dabbar gidan ya zama na roba da yawa, ba tare da ramuka ba, wanda ba zai ba ka damar jin haƙarƙarin haƙoran da ke fitowa ba;
- ta hanyar jin hannu, yana da sauƙin ƙayyade wuraren ƙira ko cizon, waɗanda galibi suna cikin yankin lumbar ko kusa da sacrum.
Daga cikin wasu abubuwa, kawai ta hanyar ɗaukar hamster, za ku iya fara ƙayyade halinsa da halayensa ga mutane. Dole ne dabbar ta nuna sha'awarta sosai, kuma ba cizo, karce ko cire hannu ba.
Yana da ban sha'awa!Kafin ka sayi hamster, kana buƙatar sanin shekarunsa. Mafi kyawun zaɓi shine sayan dabba ɗan wata ɗaya da rabi, wanda ke saurin dacewa da sabon mazaunin sa.
Dokokin yau da kullun don kiyaye hamster
Tsayawa hamsters, duk da alama sauki da sauƙi, taron yana da matsala sosai... Dole ne a tuna cewa umarnin da hamster ya kafa a cikin keji bai kamata ya dame shi ba. Ya kamata a shigar da keji tare da dabbar gidan a cikin wani wuri kyauta daga hasken rana kai tsaye da kuma zayyanawa ko tsananin danshi.
Don kulawa mai kyau, mai irin wannan dabbar yana buƙatar aiwatar da hanyoyin tsabtace jiki kawai, gami da wankin abincin, tsabtace banɗaki, da sabunta kwandon shara kamar yadda ake buƙata. Yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa ta hanyar yin duk wasu gyare-gyare a cikin keken katako, zaku iya haifar da damuwa mai tsanani a cikin dabbar.
Yana da ban sha'awa!Ba a ba da shawarar sauya wuri da kejin tare da hamster ba, tunda irin wannan "motsawa", a matsayinka na mai mulki, yana da mummunan sakamako mai tasiri a kan ruhun dabbar dabbar, kuma tsarin da aka cire na rodent a wajen mazaunin tunani ne mara nasara.
Tsarin zama, mazauni
Duk wata dabba tana bukatar gidanta, mai kyau da kwanciyar hankali, kuma yanayin zama a cikin irin wannan gidan yakamata ya kasance kusa da inda suke. Tabbas, yanayin kejin hamster yana ƙunshe da wasu ƙuntatawa, amma maigidan da ke da alhakin koyaushe zai yi ƙoƙari ya wadatar da dabbobin sa da kyakkyawar rayuwa. Lokacin zabar keji, yana da matukar mahimmanci la'akari da girman, da yawan dabbobin gida da halayen su.
Masana sun ƙayyade mafi ƙanƙan girman keji da ya dace don kiyaye hamster a gida - 50x30 cm, wanda aka bayyana ta ƙara yawan aikin motar irin wannan dabbar. A karkashin yanayin yanayi, hamster yana iya yin tafiyar sama da kilomita goma a kowace rana, kuma tsananin rashin motsi ko motsa jiki na iya shafar lafiyar dodo, yana haifar da ci gaban kiba ko cututtukan zuciya da na jijiyoyin jini.
Musamman mahimmanci yana haɗe da sanduna a cikin gidan hamster na gaba... Kada a sanya su a tsaye kuma suna da kunkuntar ko tazara a tsakanin su. Don dusar ƙanƙanlan dusar ƙanƙara, tazarar da ke tsakanin tsaka-tsalle an saita tsakanin 3-5mm, kuma ga hamsters na Siriya, ratar da ba ta wuce 8-10mm ba ta isa. Yakamata a sami hawa biyu ko sama da haka a cikin keɓaɓɓiyar keji, aƙalla aƙalla rubu'in mita tsayi kuma bai wuce 30-35cm ba. Don taƙaita filayen, keɓaɓɓun ɗakunan filastik na tilas ne, kuma ba sigogin raga bane.
Mafi shahararrun sune keɓaɓɓun ƙarfe tare da tushe mai ƙarfi da kusurwa masu zagaye ko daidaitaccen kwanon rufi. Ofar ya kamata ta buɗe sama kuma ta sami makullin kullewa mai inganci. Yana da matukar dacewa don amfani da sifofi tare da ɓangaren rufin cirewa, wanda ke sauƙaƙa tsabtace kejin a kai a kai. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, sau da yawa, masu hamsters na cikin gida sun sayi gidaje masu kyan gani, an rufe su da keɓaɓɓun lattice.
Mahimmanci! Ka tuna cewa ƙananan keɓaɓɓu sun dace sosai don adana kyawawan ɗakunan hamster a gida, amma ga Siriya, kuna buƙatar samun madaidaiciyar mazauni tare da babban ganga.
Baya ga daidaitattun dabaran cikin kejin hamster, kuna buƙatar sanya tsani da ɗakuna iri-iri, ƙwallon ƙafa, da kuma itaciya mai aminci da yanki na itace. Ana amfani da ƙaramin gida da aka yi da filastik na muhalli ko itacen da aka sarrafa sosai a matsayin mafakar dabbobi.
Hanyoyin gina jiki na Hamster
Wani muhimmin ɓangare na daidaitaccen abincin ɗan sanda na cikin gida ya zama abinci na musamman wanda aka tanada don ciyar da hamster. Wadannan shirye-shiryen cin abinci suna nan a cikin sifar hatsi ko kuma a cakuda iri-iri don ba wa dabbobin ni'ima tare da abubuwan gina jiki da ake bukata don cikakken ci gaba da ci gaba.
Ya kamata a tuna cewa ba tare da la'akari da nau'in ba, hamsters suna da matukar wahalar jure duk wani canje-canje masu mahimmanci a cikin abincin su, don haka ana bada shawarar a siye iri ɗaya, amma daidaitaccen kuma cikakken abinci. Canja wuri zuwa wani nau'in abinci ana aiwatar dashi sosai, sama da makonni da yawa. Wake, albasa, dankali, rhubarb da saman tumatir, da kuma cakulan da kowane kayan zaki, kayan yaji da na kayan kwalliya an hana su sosai da dabbobi.
Wasu daga cikin lafiyayyun abinci na ɗakunan gida sun haɗa da kayan lambu irin su turnips, karas, chicory, alayyafo, faski, kabewa, endive, da farin kabeji.
Broccoli, koren wake da bishiyar asparagus, zabibi, apples and pears, plums da peaches suma suna da tasiri mai kyau akan lafiyar hamster.... Don kiyaye haƙoran cikin yanayi mai kyau da wadatar da jikin rodent da duk abubuwan da ake buƙata, ana bada shawarar yin amfani da tubalin ma'adinai na musamman. Hakanan, dole ne a sanya kofuna na sha na musamman a cikin kejin, waɗanda ake cika su da tsafta a kai a kai.
Mahimmanci!Don saurin cika abincin ɗan dabbar mai aiki tare da mahimman sunadarai na jiki, ana amfani da furotin ƙwai mai ƙanshi lokaci-lokaci azaman kari ga babban abinci.
Kulawa da tsafta
Carewarewar kulawa da ƙoshin dabbobi ya haɗa da wasu takamaiman dokoki, waɗanda suke kamar haka:
- sandar gida ta fi dacewa a kiyaye ita kaɗai, a cikin keɓaɓɓen gida mai girman gaske;
- a cikin ɗakin da kejin yake, dole ne a kiyaye tsarin yanayin zafin jiki na yau da kullun da kuma wadataccen shiru;
- ba za ku sanya hannunku cikin kejin tare da hamster ba, saboda rodent na iya hango irin wannan motsi a matsayin wata barazana ga abin da ya mallaka;
- beraye, don kiyaye ƙarfin su, dole ne su motsa da yawa, su ci dabam-dabam kuma su da kyau, kuma suma suyi bacci isasshen lokaci;
- An haramta shi sosai don azabtar da hamster, kamar yadda a cikin wannan yanayin dabbar za ta zama mai tsoro kuma ta sami damuwa mai tsanani.
Kulawa da dabbobi har ila yau ya haɗa da tsabtar ɗakunan hamster... Duk da irin aikin da yake yi, kejin gilashi zai buƙaci kulawa daga mai mallakar bera fiye da gidan ƙarfe na gargajiya. Kejin gilashi yana buƙatar tsabtace rigar yau da kullun, wanda aka yi ba tare da amfani da wakilan tsabtatawa da sunadarai ba. Bayan wanka, tabbatar da bushe keji da kyau a rana ko kusa da na'urorin dumama wuta.
Manyan matsaloli sun taso yayin tsaftace keɓaɓɓu na zamani, waɗanda ke da ɗimbin ɗakunan da aka haɗa ta hanyoyi da rami. Filashi mai laushi da ƙira mai rikitarwa ba su ba da izinin cikakken maye gurbin mai cika tsabtace jiki ba, har ma don tsaftace kejin mai inganci.
A sakamakon haka, wani wari mara dadi yana tarawa a cikin bututun, wanda hakan ke shafar lafiyar dabbar gidan.
Lafiya, cuta da rigakafi
Akwai adadi mai yawa na cututtuka waɗanda zasu iya shafar hamsters na cikin gida. Mafi sanannun sune cututtukan cututtukan cuta da ke haifar da ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙarancin abinci da kamuwa da cutar parasitic... Idan matakin shanyewar jiki na cutar hauka ya kasance da wuya a cikin ƙauyukan gida kuma ya ƙare da mutuwa, to akwai ƙwayoyin cuta da yawa waɗanda suke wakilta:
- Ciwon kwayar cutar Aujeszky, wacce ke saurin shafar tsarin jijiyoyin dabbobi na tsakiya;
- Cutar Tizzer, wacce ke haifar da zazzaɓi, gudawa, rashin ruwa a jiki da rashin son rai, wanda ke haifar da mutuwar dabbar gidan;
- cututtukan cututtuka Bronchosepticosis, farawa da serous-mucous fitarwa daga hanci sakamakon sanyi;
- Cutar Colibacillosis, wanda aka nuna ta raguwar motsi, kin cin abinci, da gudawar tayi da gajiya;
- cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta na lymphocytic choriomeningitis, wanda ke da haɗari ga mutane kuma ba za a iya warke shi ba;
- kwayar cuta ta listerllosis, wacce diga-dugan ke dauke da ita kuma ke haifar da mutuwar dabbar;
- kwayar cutar encephalomyelitis.
Mahimmanci!Don kimanta yanayin lafiyar, ya kamata ku mai da hankali ga ɗabi'a da sha'awar abinci, nau'in numfashi da bayyanar dabbar gidan, kazalika da daidaiton fitowar sa. A alamun farko na rashin lafiya, ya kamata ka ziyarci likitan dabbobi.
Cututtukan yau da kullun sun haɗa da kamuwa da cututtukan paratyphoid na hamster na gida, ko salmonellosis, kazalika da naƙasudin ciki, ciwon huhu da ciwon huhu. Idan akwai kurakurai a cikin kulawa, za a iya shafar dabbar ta gida ko ectoparasites, wanda kwarkwata, fleas da kwarkwata ke wakilta, don lalata abin da ake amfani da maganin 0.5% bisa "Bromocyclen" ko "Netritonate".
Sake haifuwa da zuriya
Hamsters ƙwararrun dabbobi ne masu kwazo, suna iya samar da juji biyu zuwa huɗu a kowace shekara.
Lokacin haihuwar mace na iya wucewa daga makonni biyu zuwa uku. Gabaɗaya, yawancin nau'ikan irin waɗannan berayen cikin gida suna shirye don kiwo yana da shekaru uku zuwa shida makonni, kuma Dzungarian hamsters wani lokacin har ma da ɗan lokaci kafin wannan zamanin.
Koyaya, duk masana suna ba da shawara da a guji yin hulɗa a cikin gida tun da wuri, tun lokacin da ci gaba mai ƙarfi a cikin irin waɗannan dabbobin ya ƙare ne kawai a mako na biyar na rayuwa, kuma ɗaukar ciki a wannan shekarun yakan zama babban abin da ke haifar da rickets da sauran canje-canje masu yawa.
Yana da ban sha'awa!Kamar yadda al'adar take nunawa, mata masu ƙanƙantar da kai a cikin gida, ba tare da la'akari da nau'insu ba, galibi galibi suna cinye offspringa theiran su, kuma mafi kyawu shine mating yana ɗan wata shida.
Yana da matukar mahimmanci kiyaye babban rata tsakanin saduwa, wanda zai bawa mace damar murmurewa daga ciki kuma ta sami ƙarfi. Yawanci, daidaitaccen lokacin daidaitawa don sabon mating yakai wata uku ko hudu. Yana da mahimmanci a kula da irin abincin mace mai ciki, kuma musamman adadin bitamin, ma'adanai da abubuwan gina jiki a cikin abincin yau da kullun... Abincin ya kamata ya sami wakilcin hatsi, 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari, dafaffen ƙwai, cuku mai ƙananan kitse da ƙwayoyin cuta na alkama.
Haihuwar hamsters an haife su kanana kaɗan, cikakke baƙi, da makafi da kurma, amma daga asalin haihuwa suna iya rarrabe duka ƙanshin da ke kewaye da su. Yara suna girma cikin sauri, saboda haka yana da kyau a kula da inda za'a haɗo hamsters kowane wata a gaba.
