Turawan mulkin mallaka na farko a tsibirin Tasmania sun ji mummunan kukan wani dabba da ba a sani ba da daddare. Ihun yayi matukar firgitarwa har aka sanyawa dabbar suna Tasmania marsupial devil ko kuma Tasmanan shaidan. An samo shaidan ne a Australia kuma lokacin da masana kimiyya suka fara gano shi, dabbar ta nuna halin rashin mutuncin ta kuma sunan ya makale. Za a tattauna salon rayuwar shaidan na Tasmaniya da abubuwa masu ban sha'awa daga tarihin rayuwarsa a cikin wannan labarin.
Bayani da bayyana
Shaidan din Tasmaniy ne mai cin zalin dabba. Wannan shine kawai wakilin wannan. Masana kimiyya sun sami nasarar kafa dangi tare da kerkolfci, amma an nuna shi da rauni.
Shaidan marsupial na Tasmani matsakaici ne, mai girman matsakaita na kare, ma'ana, kilo 12-15... Tsayin da ke bushewa yakai santimita 24-26, ba sau da yawa ba 30. A waje, mutum na iya tunanin cewa wannan dabba ce mai wuyar fahimta saboda ƙafafunta marasa kyau da kuma cikakken gini. Koyaya, maƙaryaci ne mai nasara kuma mai nasara. Wannan yana sauƙaƙe ta jazz masu ƙarfi, fika masu ƙarfi, da gani da ji.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Wutsiya ta cancanci kulawa ta musamman - muhimmiyar alama ce ta lafiyar dabbobi. Idan ya kasance an rufe shi da ulu mai kauri kuma mai kauri sosai, to, shaidan na Tasmania yana cin abinci sosai kuma yana da cikakkiyar lafiya. Bugu da ƙari, dabbar tana amfani da shi azaman tara mai a lokacin wahala.
Gidan mazaunin shaidan
Ana samun wakilan zamani na irin wannan dabba kamar shaidan marsupial kawai a cikin tsibirin Tasmania. A baya can, Shaidan din Tasmaniyan yana cikin jerin dabbobi a Australia. Kimanin shekaru 600 da suka gabata, waɗannan mazaunan gama gari ne, waɗanda ke zaune a yankin babban yankin na Afirka kuma suna da yawa sosai.
Bayan 'yan asalin sun shigo da karnukan dingo, wadanda ke farautar shaidan din Tasmaniya, yawan su ya ragu. Mazaunan daga Turai ba su fi kyau ga waɗannan dabbobi ba. Shaidan din Tasmania yana lalata gidajen kaji, kuma yana haifar da babbar illa ga gonakin zomo. Sau da yawa hare-hare daga maharan suna faruwa ne a kan samari da tumaki, kuma ba da daɗewa ba aka ayyana ainihin yaƙi da kisan gilla a kan wannan ƙaramin ɗan fashi.
Shaidan din Tasmaniya ya kusan shan wahalar wasu dabbobi, mutum ya hallakar da shi gaba daya. Sai kawai a tsakiyar karni na ashirin, an dakatar da kisan wannan nau'in dabbobi. A cikin 1941, an fito da wata doka da ta hana farautar waɗannan mafarautan.... Godiya ga wannan, har zuwa yau, ya yiwu a samu nasarar dawo da yawan irin wannan dabba kamar shaidan marsupial.
Fahimtar haɗarin kusancin ɗan adam, dabbobi masu hankali yawanci sukan zauna a wuraren da ba sa isa. Suna zaune galibi a cikin sassan tsakiya da yammacin Tasmania. Suna rayuwa ne galibi a yankunan daji, shrouds da kusa da wuraren kiwo, kuma hakan yana faruwa a yankunan tsaunuka waɗanda ke da wahalar shiga.
Tasmaniyancin shaidan
Shaidan marsupial yana jagorantar salon rayuwar dare. Ba su da alaƙa da wani yanki, don haka suna cikin natsuwa dangane da bayyanar baƙi a wurin zama. A rana, a matsayinka na ƙa'ida, ba sa yin aiki kuma sun fi son yin barci a cikin ramuka waɗanda aka gina a cikin tushen bishiyoyi daga rassa da ganye. Idan halin da ake ciki ya ba da izini kuma babu haɗari, za su iya fita zuwa cikin iska su yi ɗamara cikin rana.
Baya ga ramuka da aka gina da kansu, baƙi za su iya mamaye su ko wasu dabbobi su watsar da su. Rikice-rikicen da ke faruwa tsakanin dabbobi na faruwa ne kawai saboda abinci, wanda ba sa son ya raba tsakanin su.
A lokaci guda, suna fitar da mummunan kururuwa waɗanda aka ɗauka na kilomita da yawa. Kukan da Shaidan din Tasmaniyan ya yi ya cancanci kulawa ta musamman. Waɗannan sautunan ana iya kwatanta su da shaƙatawa da aka gauraye da ihu. Kukan shaidan marsupial yana da ban tsoro da ban tsoro idan wadannan dabbobin suka taru a cikin garken dabbobi suna ba da "kade kade".
Gina Jiki, abinci na asali
Shaidan marsupial na Tasmani mai tsananin zalunci ne... Idan muka kwatanta ƙarfin cizon da girman dabba, to wannan ƙaramar dabbar za ta zama zakara a ƙarfin jaws.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Daga cikin abubuwa masu ban sha'awa game da shaidan Tasmaniyan shine hanyar farautar wannan dabba: yana hana wanda yake cutar ta hanyar cizon kashin baya ko cizon ta cikin kwanyar. Yana ciyarwa galibi akan ƙananan dabbobi, macizai, kadangaru, kuma idan ya kasance mafi sa'a akan farautar, sannan akan ƙananan kifin kogi. Kadan sau da yawa ta gawar, idan mushe na mushen dabba babba ne, to da yawa daga cikin mahara za su iya taruwa don yin biki.
A wannan halin, rikice-rikice na faruwa tsakanin dangi, galibi suna kai da zub da jini da munanan raunuka.
Shaidan Tasmani da hujjoji masu ban sha'awa game da abincin wannan mai farautar.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Wannan dabba ce mai tsananin kumbiya-kumbiya, wacce ba a rarrabewa a cikin abinci, a cikin sirrinta, masana kimiyya sun sami damar gano roba, riguna da sauran abubuwan da ba za a iya ci ba. Yayinda sauran dabbobi yawanci suke cin abinci daga 5% zuwa 7% na nauyin nauyinsu, Shaidan din Tasmaniya zai iya sha zuwa 10% a lokaci guda, ko ma 15%. Idan dabbar tana jin yunwa sosai, zata iya cin rabin nauyinta.
Wannan kuma ya sanya shi zama mai rikodin rikodin dabbobi masu shayarwa.
Sake haifuwa
Shaidanun aljannu suna isa balaga da shekaru biyu. Ciki yakai sati uku. Lokacin saduwa shine a watan Maris zuwa Afrilu.
Yana da ban sha'awa!Akwai hujjoji masu ban sha'awa game da hanyar kiwo na shaidan Tasmanian. Bayan duk wannan, ana haihuwar ɗigon mace har ƙananan tinasa 30a 30a ,aya 30, kowannensu girman girman ceri. Nan da nan bayan haihuwa, suna rarrafe cikin jaka, suna manne da fur. Tunda mata suna da nono guda huɗu kawai, ba duk 'ya' yan bane ke rayuwa. Mace tana cin waɗancan yaran da basu iya rayuwa ba, wannan shine yadda zaɓen yanayi yake aiki.
Kubiyoyin shaidan na Tasmania an haife su daga jaka a kusan watanni huɗu. Sun canza daga nono zuwa abincin manya bayan watanni takwas... Duk da cewa shaidan marsupial na daya daga cikin dabbobi masu shayarwa, ba duka suke rayuwa har zuwa girma ba, amma kashi 40% ne na diyan, ko ma kasa da haka. Gaskiyar ita ce, yara dabbobin da suka balaga galibi ba za su iya tsayayya da gasa a cikin daji ba kuma su zama ganima ga manya.
Cututtukan shaidan marsupial
Babban cutar da shaidan marsupial ke fama da ita shine ciwan fuska. A cewar masana kimiyya a shekarar 1999, kusan rabin yawan mutanen Tasmania sun mutu daga wannan cutar. A matakin farko, kumburin ya shafi wuraren da ke kusa da muƙamuƙin, sannan ya bazu a kan dukkan fuska kuma ya bazu zuwa jikin duka. Asalinta da yadda ake kamuwa da wannan cutar har yanzu ba a san takamaimansa ba, duk da ƙoƙarin da masana kimiyya ke yi.
Amma an riga an tabbatar da cewa mace-mace daga irin wannan kumburin ya kai 100%. Ba karamin asiri bane ga masu bincike shine gaskiyar cewa bisa ga ƙididdiga, cutar kansa tsakanin waɗannan dabbobin tana komawa a kai a kai kowace shekara 77.
Matsayin yawan jama'a, kariyar dabbobi
An hana fitarwa daga shaidan din Tasmania zuwa kasashen waje. Saboda karuwar jama'a, batun sanya wannan dabba ta musamman matsayin mai rauni a halin yanzu ana la'akari da shi, a baya ya kasance na wadanda ke cikin hadari. Godiya ga dokokin da hukumomin Australia da Tasmania suka zartar, an sake dawo da lambobin.
Raguwar karshe ta ƙarshe da aka samu a cikin adadin maƙerin jirgin ruwan an rubuta a cikin 1995, lokacin da adadin waɗannan dabbobin suka ragu da kashi 80%, wannan ya faru ne saboda wata babbar annoba da ta ɓarke tsakanin shaiɗanu marsupial. Kafin wannan, an lura da wannan a cikin 1950.
Sayi shaidan marsupial (Tasmanian)
Predarshen ɓarke na ƙarshe da aka fitar zuwa Amurka ya mutu a shekara ta 2004. Yanzu fitar su fitarwa an hana kuma sabili da haka ba shi yiwuwa a sayi shaidan Tasmanian a matsayin dabbar dabba, sai dai in ba shakka kuna son yin hakan ta hanyar gaskiya.... Babu wuraren shakatawa a cikin Rasha, Turai ko Amurka. Dangane da bayanan mara izini, zaka iya siyan shaidan marsupial akan $ 15,000. Koyaya, wannan bai cancanci a yi ba, dabbar na iya yin rashin lafiya, saboda ba za a sami ainihin takaddun asali ba.
Idan har yanzu kun sami damar mallakar irin wannan dabbar ta wata hanya ko wata, to ya kamata ku shirya don matsaloli da yawa. A cikin bauta, suna nuna halin zalunci ga mutane da sauran dabbobin gida. Shaidan na Tasmania na iya afkawa manya da yara ƙanana. Suna fara kururuwa kuma suna tsokanar abin tsoro har ma daga ƙananan masu haushi. Duk abin da zai iya fusata shi, ko da ɗan shafawa ne, kuma halayensa ba su da tabbas. Idan aka ba su ƙarfin ja, za su iya haifar da mummunan rauni har ma ga mutane, kuma ƙaramin kare ko kuli na iya yin mummunan rauni ko cizawa.
Da daddare, dabbar tana aiki sosai, tana iya kwaikwayon farauta, kuma kukan mai wahala na Shaidan din Tasmaniya da wuya ya farantawa maƙwabta da danginku rai. Iyakar abin da zai iya sauƙaƙewa da sauƙaƙe kiyayewar shi shine rashin daidaituwa a cikin abinci mai gina jiki. Ba su da bambanci a cikin abinci kuma suna cinye komai, a zahiri yana iya zama tarkace daga teburin, wani abu da ya riga ya ɓata, za ku iya ba da nau'ikan nama, ƙwai da kifi. Sau da yawa yakan faru cewa dabbobi suma suna satar kayan sutura, waɗanda suma ana amfani dasu don abinci. Duk da matsanancin kuka da munanan halaye, shaidan na Tasmania yana da kyau kuma yana son zama na awanni a hannun maigidansa ƙaunatacce.
