Sau da yawa galibi mutum, don jimre da wani yanayi, yana buƙatar samun keɓaɓɓu, ƙwarewa ta musamman. Kuma mutane suna magance irin waɗannan matsalolin da taimakon ƙananan brothersan’uwa.
Sabis ɗinmu yana da haɗari da wahala: game da amfani da karnuka
Yanayi bai kasance mai yawan kyauta ga mutane dangane da ƙanshin ƙanshi ba. Amma a cikin karnuka wannan jin dadin yana bunkasa, kusan sau 12 kuma ya fi mu karfi da "homosapiens" da wasu dabbobi masu shayarwa a Duniya.
Wataƙila yawancinku sun kalli zane mai ban dariya "The Cat Wanda Yayi Tafiya da Kansa", daidaitawa daga ɗayan tatsuniyoyin shahararren marubucin nan Kipling. Makircin ya fito karara kuma ya nuna yadda tsohon mutumin ya fara “hada kai” don amfanin kansa da dabbobi da yawa. Kuma ɗaya daga cikin farkon wanda ya fara yiwa mutane aiki shine kare. Kakanninmu sun lura cewa kare yana da ci gaba ba kawai jin ƙanshi ba, har ma da ji da gani. Tana da, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, ƙwarin gwiwa da halaye na faɗa da ƙarfi: wannan shine wanda zaku iya farauta kuma kuyi tafiya tare tsawon watanni. Bugu da ƙari, babu wata halitta da ke raye a Duniya da za a horar da ƙarfi da sauri kamar kare.
A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na biyu, abokai masu ƙafa huɗu an horar da su na musamman kamar sojoji a yaƙi. Bayan haka, karnukan makiyaya masu kaifin hankali sau goma fiye da mutanen da suka jimre da aiyukan fada da aka sanya su, sun zama kwararrun masu rusa ma'adinai da saiti. Dangane da lissafin da aka aiwatar daga baya, a yakin 1941-1945. sama da karnukan da aka horar na musamman sama da dubu saba'in suka halarci. Babban aikin a wancan lokacin shi ne kai hari kan tankokin na Jamus. An daure karnukan da abubuwan fashewa, wadanda dole ne su kai wa tankin, sakamakon haka ya fashe. Don haka, tare da taimakon yaƙar abokai huɗu a lokacin yaƙin, an lalata tankokin yaƙi 300 da motocin yaƙi.
Kuma karnukan da suka fi gaskiya da aminci sun yi aiki a matsayin masu binciken nakiyoyi. Kamar yadda kuka sani, karnuka suna da kamshi na musamman da kuma kaifi, don haka a gare su su samo abubuwan fashewar abubuwa a cikin kasa wani kek ne! Lokacin da zubar jini suka yi nasarar gano ma'adinai a cikin ƙasa, nan da nan suka ba da murya kuma suka nuna ainihin wurin da abu mai haɗari yake.
Da yawa daga cikin wadannan halittu masu aminci da karfin zuciya sun ceci rayukan mutane a duk lokacin yakin - kar a kirga! Bayan aiki mafi mahimmanci na lalata yankin USSR, bayan ƙarshen Yaƙin Duniya na biyu, ya faɗi a kan karnukan da ke yaƙi. Sanannen abu ne cewa a cikin shekarar 1945, masu binciken nakiya sun gano kusan nakiyoyi dubu ashirin da ma'adinai daban-daban. Kuma a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, Sajan Malanichev, tare da taimakon karnukansa na musamman, sun sami damar tsayar da sama da minti 200: a zahiri cikin awanni 2.5 na ci gaba da aiki.
Ba shi yiwuwa a tuna da karen almara - mai gano ma'adinan yakin duniya na biyu, mai suna Dzhulbars. Shekaru da yawa wannan kare mai gwagwarmaya ya rayu kuma ya yi aiki don amfanin Motherasar inasa a cikin rukuni na musamman na sha huɗu. Duk tsawon lokacin da yake "aikin kare", ya gano ma'adinai kusan dubu bakwai. Daga baya karen ya zama shahararre, saboda yuwuwar sa hannu a cikin katanga da manyan gidaje a Prague, Vienna, yankin da ke saman Danube. A cikin watanni shida da suka gabata, bayan ƙarshen yaƙin, Dzhulbars a Austria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Romania, albarkacin ƙanshin sa, ya sami nasarar gano ma'adinai daban-daban dubu bakwai da rabi. Kamar yadda sappers suke fada, a cikin Ukraine sun fara magana game da wannan "jarumin" jarumi bayan ya taimaka ya share kabarin babban mawaƙin dan kasar Yukren Taras Grigorievich Shevchenko da Kiev Vladimir Cathedral a Kanev.
A zamanin yau, 'yan sanda da sauran ayyuka na musamman ma suna ajiye makiyaya da karnukan Jamusawa na wani nau'in daban, wanda ke taimaka wa mutane bin diddigin wuraren shan ƙwayoyi da yaƙi da ta'addanci. Za ku haɗu da abokai masu kafa huɗu a kowace ƙasa ta duniya yayin tsallaka kan iyaka, sarrafa kwastomomi: an lasafta su a can a matsayin karnukan sabis, waɗanda ke iya saurin nemo "kayan da aka hana", don gane mai laifi.
Masu cin nasara: abin da muka sani game da beraye
Wani rukuni na masana kimiyyar Beljium sun yanke shawarar gudanar da gwaje-gwaje tare da manyan berayen Afirka, tunda an san cewa wadannan dabbobi suna da kamshi iri daya da na karnuka. Sun yanke shawarar koyar da wadannan kananan dabbobi masu ban dariya don neman ma'adinan kare ma'aikata, saboda beraye sun fi karnuka yawa, saboda haka yiwuwar fashewar abubuwa ya yi kadan. Kwarewar masana kimiyya daga Belgium ya kasance mai nasara, kuma daga baya aka tayar da berayen Afirka musamman don neman ma'adinai a Mozambique da sauran sassan Afirka, inda, kamar namu, bayan tashin hankali, harsashi da yawa sun kasance a cikin ƙasa. Don haka, tun daga shekarar 2000, masana kimiyya suka hada da beraye 30, wadanda a cikin awanni 25 suka sami nasarar kare kadada fiye da kadada dari biyu na yankin Afirka.
An yi amannar cewa ma'adinan bera sun fi amfani da amfani fiye da sappers ko karnuka iri ɗaya. Haƙiƙa, bera zai gudanar da murabba'in mita ɗari biyu a cikin minti ashirin, kuma mutum zai buƙaci mintina 1500 don aikin bincike. Haka ne, kuma karnuka - masu gano ma'adanai suna da kyau, amma suna da tsada sosai ga jihar (kiyayewa, aiyukan masu kula da kare) fiye da "sappers" masu launin toka.
Fiye da tsuntsayen ruwa kawai: hatimai da zakunan teku
A farkon karni na ashirin, a cikin 1915, V. Durov, wani sanannen mai koyarwa a Rasha, ya ba da shawarar cewa Sojojin Ruwa suna amfani da hatimi don bincika ma'adinan karkashin ruwa. Haka ne, don shugabancin Sojojin Ruwa na Rasha, baƙon abu ne ba, wanda zai iya faɗi ingantacciyar hanya. An yi imani da cewa karnuka ne kawai ke da kyakkyawar dabi'a, don haka za su iya nemo ma'adana a duk inda take. Koyaya, tun yakin, an sami kayan fashewa da yawa a cikin albarkatun ruwa. Kuma dole ne ayi wani abu game da shi. Kuma, bayan duk fa'idodi na amfani da hatimi a cikin binciken ma'adinan ruwa an yi nazari, babban horo na tsuntsayen ruwa ya fara a tsibirin Crimea.
Don haka, a cikin farkon watanni 3, an horar da hatimai ashirin a Balaklava, waɗanda, abin mamaki, sun kasance masu kyau don horo. A ƙarƙashin ruwan, a sauƙaƙe sun sami abubuwan fashewa, ma'adinai da sauran abubuwan fashewa da abubuwa, suna yi musu alama da buoys kowane lokaci. Masu horarwar har ma sun sami damar koyar da wasu daga cikin "masu binciken nakiyoyi" don sanya ma'adanan na musamman a kan maganadisu akan jiragen ruwa. Amma, yadda ya kasance, ba zai yiwu a gwada keɓaɓɓun hatiman ba daga baya a aikace - wani ya sanya guba "dabbobin yaƙin teku".
Zakin teku sune hatimin kunnuwa waɗanda ke da kyakkyawan hangen nesa. Ido mai kyau yana taimaka wa waɗannan dabbobi masu shayarwa su sami abokan gaba. Sojojin Ruwa na Amurka sun kasance masu karimci wajen kashe miliyoyin dalar Amurka wajen horar da hatimin teku a wani bangare na shirin atisaye don maido da makaman da suka lalace ko gano abubuwan fashewa.
Amma a cikin Irkutsk, hatta hatimi an ba da horo na musamman a wannan shekara don nuna yadda waɗannan dabbobin za su iya riƙe bindigogin mashin a hannuwansu, yin tafiya tare da tuta a cikin ruwa har ma da tsayar da ma'adinan da aka girka.
Tsare duniya: abin da dolphins zasu iya yi
An fara horar da kifayen dolphins a matsayin masu gano ma'adanai na musamman bayan hatimin yaki sun sami babban shahara a daya daga cikin sansanonin sojan ruwa a San Diego. Masana kimiyya daga Tarayyar Soviet sun yanke shawarar tabbatar da cewa dabbobin dolphin, kamar zakunan teku, suna iya amfanar mutane, kamar wayayyu kuma mafi ƙarfin "runduna ta musamman"
A cikin shekarun 60, a cikin Sevastopol, an kirkiro babban teku, inda aka koyar da kifayen dolphin don su kalli karkashin ruwa ba wai kawai na ma'adinai ba tun Yakin Duniya na Biyu, amma har ma da manyan torpedoes da ke cikin ruwa. Toari ga ƙwarewarsu da wayonsu da yawa, tare da taimakon watsa sigina na echolocation, dabbobin dolphin suna iya bincika yanayin sosai, duk abin da ke faruwa a kusa da su. Dolphins a sauƙaƙe sun sami abin soji a nesa mai nisa. A matsayinsu na kwararrun masu kare mutane, an ba da hodar da aka horas da su “su tsare” kuma su kare sansanonin sojan ruwa da ke Bahar Maliya.
