Samun Kunkuru (Centrochelys sulcata) ko kunkuru dangin kunkuru ne.
Alamomin waje na kunkuru
Turunƙan da aka zana yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan kunkuru da ake samu a Afirka. Girmansa ya ɗan zama ƙasa da na kunkuru daga Tsibirin Galapagos. Bawon zai iya zuwa tsayin cm 76, kuma mafi girman mutane suna da tsayin cm 83. Tudun kunkuru wani nau'in hamada ne mai launin rairayi mai yashi wanda yake hidimar kamanni a mazaunin sa. Karatun sararin samaniya mai launi launin ruwan kasa ne, kuma fata mai kauri tana da kalar zinariya mai haske ko fari. Caraungiyar carapace tana da ƙira tare da gefuna na gaba da na baya. Ana ganin zoben girma akan kowane kwaro, wanda ya zama bayyananne musamman tare da shekaru. Nauyin maza ya bambanta daga kilogiram 60 zuwa kg 105. Mace ba ta da nauyi, daga 30 zuwa 40 kilogiram.
Gaban goshin turtles masu fasali ne kuma suna da fika 5. Wani fasali na wannan nau'ikan kunkuru shine kasancewar manyan yadudduka masu zafin nama guda biyu akan cinyar mata da maza. Kasancewar wannan yanayin ya ba da gudummawa ga bayyanar nau'ikan jinsin - ya haifar da kunkuru. Irin waɗannan haɓakar jarabawar suna da mahimmanci don haƙa ramuka da rami yayin oviposition.
A cikin maza, a gaban kwasfa, ana haɓaka garkuwoyi masu kama da fil.
Maza ne ke amfani da wannan makamin mai inganci yayin da ake saduwa, yayin da abokan hamayya suka juya juna a karo. Arangama tsakanin maza yana ɗaukar dogon lokaci kuma yana gajiyar da abokan adawar.
Daga cikin 'yan kunkuru, akwai wasu mutane da ke da dusar kankara. Irin wannan karkacewa daga tsarin al'ada na kwasfa ba al'ada bane kuma yana faruwa tare da yawan phosphorus, rashin gishiri da ruwa.
Halin kunkuru
'Yan kunkuru masu matukar aiki lokacin damina (Yuli zuwa Oktoba). Suna ciyarwa galibi a wayewar gari da faduwar rana, suna cin tsire-tsire masu daɗi da ciyawar shekara-shekara. Sau da yawa suna wanka da safe don ɗaga zafin jikinsu bayan sanyaya dare. A lokacin rani, kunkuru masu girma suna ɓoyewa a cikin sanyi, ramuka masu ƙanshi don gujewa bushewar jiki. Tan kunkuru suna hawa cikin ramin ƙananan dabbobi masu shayarwa don jira lokacin zafi.
Kiwo ya haifar da kunkuru
Kunkuruwar Spore ta balaga a lokacin da suke da shekaru 10-15, lokacin da suka girma zuwa 35-45 cm. Samun jima'i yana faruwa ne daga Yuni zuwa Maris, amma galibi bayan damina daga Satumba zuwa Nuwamba. Maza a wannan lokacin suna da saurin rikici kuma suna cin karo da juna, suna ƙoƙari su juya abokan gaba. Mace tana dauke da kwai tsawon kwanaki 30-90. Ta zaɓi wuri mai kyau a cikin ƙasa mai yashi kuma ta haƙa ramuka 4-5 game da zurfin 30 cm.
Da farko za a fara tonawa tare da gabansu, sa'annan a yi tona da baya. Yana sanya kwai 10 zuwa 30 a kowane gida, sannan a binne shi domin ɓoye kamarsa gaba ɗaya. Qwai suna da girma, 4,5 a diamita. Ci gaba yana faruwa a zazzabi na 30-32 ° C kuma yana ɗaukar kwanaki 99-103. Bayan kamala ta farko, maimaita maimaita wasu lokuta yakan faru.
Fitar kunkuru ya bazu
Ana samun kunkuru a gefen iyakar kudu na Hamadar Sahara. Sun bazu daga Senegal da Mauritania, ta gabas ta hanyar yankuna masu bushewa na Mali, Chadi, Sudan, sannan suka ratsa Habasha da Eritrea. Ana iya samun wannan nau'in a Nijar da Somaliya.
Wurin zama na kunkuru
Spur kunkuru suna rayuwa a cikin yankuna masu zafi, bushe waɗanda basa karɓar ruwan sama tsawon shekaru. An samo shi a cikin busassun savannas, inda ake fama da rashin ruwa koyaushe. Wannan nau'in dabbobi masu rarrafe yana jure yanayin zafi a mazauninsa daga digiri 15 a damuna masu sanyi, kuma a lokacin rani suna rayuwa a yanayin zafi kusan 45 C.
Matsayin kiyayewa na tururuwa
An rarraba kunkurun da aka zana a matsayin mai rauni a kan Lissafin IUCN kuma an sanya shi a cikin Rataye na II na Yarjejeniyar kan Cinikin Kasashen Duniya a cikin Hatsarin da ke Haɗari. Yawan jama'a na raguwa cikin sauri a kasashen Mali, Chadi, Nijar da Habasha, galibi sakamakon kiwo da kwararowar hamada. Groupsananan ƙungiyoyi masu yawa na dabbobi masu rarrafe suna rayuwa a yankunan da kabilun makiyaya ke zaune, inda galibi ake kama kunkuru don cin nama.
Matsayin da ke tattare da wannan nau'in a cikin 'yan shekarun nan ya kara tabarbarewa sakamakon karuwar kamun da ake yi don cinikin kasa da kasa, kamar dabbobin gida da kuma kera magunguna daga sassan jikin kunkuru, wadanda aka fi girmamawa musamman a Japan a matsayin hanyar dadewa. Da farko dai, an kama matasa, saboda haka, akwai fargabar cewa bayan ƙarni da yawa sabuntawar kai na nau'in zai ragu sosai a cikin yanayi, wanda zai haifar da ƙarancin kunkuru a cikin mazauninsu.
Karfafa Kunkuru
Spur kunkuru suna da matsayin kiyayewa a duk inda suke, kuma duk da matakan kariya, ana kamasu ba bisa ƙa'ida ba don siyarwa. An jera kunkuru a kan CITES Shafi II, tare da adadin adadin fitarwa na shekara shekara. Amma har yanzu ana siyar da kunkuru masu tsada a kan farashi mai yawa a kasashen waje, tunda yana da matukar wahala a rarrabe tsakanin dabbobin da aka yi kiwon su a cikin gidajen nursery da kuma mutanen da aka kama cikin yanayi.
Hukumomin karfafa doka suna daukar matakai a kan safarar kunkuru, amma rashin yarjeniyoyi tsakanin kasashen Afirka kan hadin gwiwa kan kare dabbobin da ba safai ba ke kawo cikas ga ayyukan kiyaye halittu kuma ba ya kawo sakamakon da ake tsammani.
Spur kunkuru ne mai sauƙin hayayyafa a cikin fursuna, an tashe su a cikin Amurka don biyan buƙatun cikin gida, kuma an fitar dasu zuwa Japan. A wasu yankuna na Afirka da ke da bushewa, kunkuru masu kunkuru suna rayuwa a wuraren da aka kiyaye, wannan ya shafi mazauna wuraren shakatawa na kasar a cikin Mauritania da Nijar, wadanda ke ba da gudummawa wajen wanzuwar jinsin a cikin hamada.
A Senegal, tururuwa da aka zana alama ce ta kyawawan halaye, farin ciki, haihuwa da tsawon rai, kuma wannan ɗabi'ar na ƙara damar rayuwa ta wannan nau'in. A wannan kasar, an kirkiri wata cibiya ta kiwo da kuma kariya daga wasu nau'ikan kunkuru wadanda ba a cika samun su ba, duk da haka, a yanayin karin kwararowar hamada, 'yan kunkuru da ke fuskantar barazanar a mazauninsu, duk da matakan kariya da aka dauka.
