(Aramin (ƙaramin) penguin (Eudyptula ƙarami) na dangin penguin ne, tsari mai kama da penguin.
Penaramin penguin ya bazu.
Penananan penguin suna zaune a gefen kudu maso bakin Australiya da kuma can arewa mai nisa, da kuma gaɓar tekun New South Wales. Ana samunsu a gabar New Zealand.
Udananan minorananan yara Eudyptula suna samar da ƙananan ragi shida. E. m. Novaehollandia ya faɗaɗa zuwa gaɓar bakin teku a Ostiraliya. Sauran rabe-raben biyar: E. miredaei, e. M variabilis, e. M albosignata, e. M karami, e. M chathamensis, suna zaune a New Zealand.
Gidan mazaunin karamin penguin.
Penananan penguins suna zaune a cikin biotopes na bakin teku tare da yanayin dacewa na gida. Suna gida gida a cikin ramuka da aka haƙa cikin yashi ko a ƙarƙashin daji. Idan ƙasa tayi laushi da yawa kuma burukan sun farfashe, waɗannan penguins suna gida a cikin kogwanni da dutsen dutse. Babban mazaunin sune bakin teku, savannahs, gandun daji. Penananan penguins tsuntsayen teku ne kuma suna yin yawancin rayuwarsu a ƙarƙashin ruwa.
Alamomin waje na karamin penguin.
Smalananan penguins tsuntsayen da basu tashi sama tare da tsayin jikinsu yakai 30 cm kuma nauyinsu yakai kilo 1.1 zuwa 1.2. Suna da baki baki mai tsayin 35 mm. Iris na idanu azurfa ce, shuɗi, shuɗi da rawaya. Chin da makogwaro farare ne, ƙananan sassan fuka-fuki da gangar jikinsu suna da launi iri ɗaya. Sashin sama na kai, wuya da gefen ƙafa, ƙafafu da gangar jiki launin shuɗi ne.
Launi na plumage na ƙananan penguins ya shuɗe da shekaru, kuma gashinsa ya zama fari, launin toka, launin ruwan kasa. Maza da mata suna da launi iri ɗaya na gashin tsuntsu. Maza sun fi girma girma. Wing tsawon a cikin duka jinsi ne 117.5 mm a kan talakawan. Birdsananan tsuntsaye suna da farin shuɗi mai haske a baya. Bakin bakin ya fi siriri kuma gajere.
Kiwo ɗan penguin.
A lokacin kiwo, namiji yana jan hankalin mace tare da kiran saduwa. Yana riƙe da jikinsa a tsaye, ya ɗora fikafikansa a bayansa, ya miƙa wuyansa tare da kansa sama kuma yana yin amo da ƙararrawa.
Penananan penguins suna haɗuwa da nau'i-nau'i guda ɗaya waɗanda suke dawwama na dogon lokaci.
Sake haifuwa yana daga watan Yuni zuwa Oktoba a cikin mulkin mallaka. Tsuntsaye na iya yin gida a ƙasa a cikin ramuka, duwatsu da kogwanni. Burrows tare da nests yawanci mita 2 ne a cikin ƙaramin mallaka. Koyaya, lokacin da penguins ke sheƙawa a cikin kogwannin, gidajan suna kusa da nisan mita biyu.
Clutch ya ƙunshi daga ƙwai 1 zuwa 2. Qwai suna da santsi da fari kuma nauyinsu yakai 53. Gwangwani yana faruwa cikin kwanaki 31 zuwa 40.
Babban rawa a cikin kiwo na mace ne, amma namiji yana maye gurbin ta kowane 3 - 4 days. Kaji yana auna tsakanin gram 36 da 47. An lullubesu da ƙasa kuma basa barin gida na dogon lokaci. Tsuntsaye manya suna ciyar da zuriya don kwanaki 18 - 38. Bayan ƙarshen wannan lokacin, iyayen sai kawai su tsare kajin da dare. Yin yawo yana faruwa bayan kwana 50 zuwa 65, a lokacin ne samari penguins ke samun nauyi daga 800 g zuwa 1150 g. Sun zama masu cikakken 'yanci cikin kwanaki 57 zuwa 78. A shekara 3 da haihuwa, samari penguins suna kiwo.
Rashin wadataccen abinci yana jinkirta aikin haifuwa. Yiwuwar samun nasarar kiwo shima yana ƙaruwa da shekaru. Wannan yanayin ya samo asali ne saboda gaskiyar cewa penguins manya suna da ƙwarewa, wanda ke ƙaruwa da damar zuriya ta tsira.
Fasali na halayen karamin penguin.
Penananan penguins suna nuna ɗabi'a mai ƙarfi lokacin da aka keta iyakokin kiwo. A lokaci guda, penguin din da farko ya gargadi mai kutse, sannan ya hanzarta motsawa zuwa inda yake, ya dan taba mu'amala ta jiki da hare-hare. Yayi kashedi lokacin da mai kutse ya kusanci tazarar mita 1 zuwa 3 daga penguin. A lokaci guda, tsuntsu yana ihu da ƙarfi kuma yana shimfida fikafikansa. Da sauri sauri zuwa gaban maharan kuma ku doke shi da fikafikansa, sa'annan yayi peck.
Penananan penguins tsuntsaye ne na dare, amma galibi suna yin yini a cikin teku kuma suna dawowa ƙasa da yamma.
A lokacin kiwo, penguins suna iyo daga bakin tekun na tazarar kilomita 8 zuwa 9 kuma tsawon awanni 12 zuwa 18. A waje da lokacin nest, penguins na iya yin doguwar tafiya har zuwa kilomita 7-10, amma bai fi kilomita 20 daga bakin teku ba. Penananan penguins suna kashe ƙarin kuzari don nitsewa cikin ruwa, kuma kodayake suna iya nitsewa zuwa zurfin mita 67, har yanzu sun fi so su zauna a tsakanin mita 5 daga saman ruwan. Tsuntsaye suna komawa bakin teku tare, suna tsalle suna sauka cikin rukuni-rukuni. Tafiya zuwa cikin duhu yana rage yiwuwar hare-haren masu farauta.
Fitowa daga ruwa na faruwa yan awanni kaɗan kafin wayewar gari ko kuma hoursan awanni bayan magariba, idan dare yayi. Yunkurin kananan penguins a cikin rufin duhu lamari ne mai ban al'ajabi na yanayi da nufin tsira daga jinsunan. Duk da wannan, ba za a iya guje wa farauta ba. Penananan penguins tsofaffi galibi suna ganimar sharks, hatimi da kifayen kifayen kifi. Kowane ƙaramin penguin yana da waƙoƙin mutum daban waɗanda iyaye da 'yan uwan suke amfani da su don rarrabe baƙi daga mazaunan mulkin mallaka.
Penaramar penguin ciyarwa.
Penananan penguins galibi tsuntsaye ne masu cin kifi kuma suna kama abincinsu a cikin zurfin zurfin zurfin ruwa. Abincin ya kunshi kifi na umarnin ciyawa (anchovies da sardines). Nau'ukan kifin da aka cinye sun dogara da yankin penguin. Penananan penguins suna cin abinci a kan ƙananan squids, octopuses da crustaceans.
Matsayin kiyayewa na karamin penguin.
A halin yanzu, ƙananan penguins suna cikin jinsunan da ke da barazanar barazanar lambobin su. An yi imanin cewa yawan duniya na waɗannan tsuntsayen mutane kusan 1,000,000 ne. Koyaya, a wasu wuraren ana samun raguwar yawan kananan penguins saboda harin masu farauta da gurbatar mai.
Arfin tasirin kamun kifi yana haifar da ƙarancin penguins.
Dalilai kamar hargitsi, zaizayar teku da gurɓatar yankin ruwa da bakin ruwa suma suna shafar haihuwar waɗannan tsuntsayen. Penananan penguins wuri ne mai kyau don yawon buɗe ido. Kimanin 'yan yawon bude ido dubu 500 ne ke zuwa duk shekara don ganin mulkin mallaka na Penguin a kusa da gabar tsibirin Phillip. Wannan jinsin tsuntsayen shima yana da matukar sha'awa ga masana kimiyya saboda kankantar su da kuma karfin rayuwa a wannan girman a yanayin zafi mara kyau. Wannan batun yana da mahimmanci a cikin nazarin yanayin zafi a cikin kwayoyin halitta.
Consideredungiyoyin E. albosignata yanzu ana ɗaukar su cikin haɗari kuma ana iya samun su ne kawai a gefen kudancin New Zealand.
