Gentoo penguin (Pygoscelis papua), wanda kuma aka fi sani da pentarin subantarctic, ko kuma wanda aka fi sani da gento penguuin, yana cikin tsari mai kama da penguin.
Gentoo penguin ya yadu.
An rarraba penguins na Gentoo kawai a Kudancin Yankin, tsakanin digiri na 45 da 65 kudu latitude. A cikin wannan zangon, ana samun su a yankin Antarctic har ma da tsibirai da yawa. Kusan kashi 13% na dukkanin penguins suna zaune kudu da kankara Antarctic.
Daya daga cikin mahimman wuraren zama na Penguin shine tsibirin Falkland da ke Tekun Atlantika ta Kudu. Kusan kashi 40% na duk waɗannan mutanen ana samun su a cikin wannan tsibirin.
Ooungiyoyin penguin Gentoo.
Penguins suna son zama tare da bakin teku. Wannan yana bawa penguins damar isa ga wuraren ciyarwa da kuma gidajen su. Sun fi son tsawa har zuwa mita 115 a saman teku kusa da bakin teku, saboda dusar ƙanƙara a waɗannan yankuna na narkar da. Mafi girman tsayi, ƙila zai iya isa wurin lokacin da dusar ƙanƙara ta fara narkewa a lokacin rani. Yankin ƙasa a cikin waɗannan yankuna yana da faɗi kuma ya dace da nests. Penguins sun fi son gefen arewa, wanda ba zafi a lokacin rani. Babban fasalin mazaunin shine ghent, wanda shine matattara tare da yawancin kananan pebbles, yawanci har zuwa santimita 5 a diamita. Wadannan tsakuwa su ne tubalin ginin gida mai karfi wanda zai iya jure dukkan lokacin kiwo.
Penguins suna ciyar da wani ɓangare na lokacin su akan ruwan ruwa don ciyarwa. Waɗannan tafiye-tafiyen jirgin ruwan galibi gajeru ne, tare da tsayi mafi tsayi wanda ya ɗauki minti biyu. Penguins na Gentoo galibi suna nitsewa zuwa zurfin mita 3 zuwa 20, wani lokacin nutsuwa zuwa zurfin mita 70.
Alamomin waje na penguin Gentoo.
Daga cikin nau'o'in penguin 17, penguin gentoo shine na uku mafi girma. Wani babban tsuntsu yakai santimita 76. Nauyin ya bambanta dangane da yanayi, kuma zai iya zama daga kilogram 4,5 zuwa 8.5.
Kamar yadda yake tare da dukkan nau'ikan tsuntsayen penguin, a gefen gandun daji na penooin fari ne kuma gefen dorsal baƙi ne.
Wannan salon mai launuka yana sa tsarin banbanci mai ban mamaki. Wannan launin shine muhimmiyar daidaitawa don yin iyo a karkashin ruwa yayin da masu farauta ke kan ido don farautar su. Theungiyar duhu tana haɗuwa da launi na ƙasan teku kuma yana ba da damar penguins su zama marasa ganuwa idan aka kalle su daga ƙasa.
Penguins na Gentoo sun bambanta da sauran nau'o'in penguin ta abubuwan da suke sanyawa a kawunansu. Farar fata guda biyu a kusa da idanuwa sun kusanci layin ta saman kan su. Babban laman baƙar fata ne, amma fuka-fukan fuka-fukai a cikin ƙananan ƙananan suma suna nan.
Akwai fuka-fukai har guda saba'in a kan murabba'in square na jikinsu. Ana kuma kiran 'penguins' na 'Gentoo penguins' 'tassel penguins' 'saboda wutsiyoyinsu sun fi sauran fuka-fukai. Wutsiyar ta kai tsawon 15 cm kuma ta ƙunshi fuka-fukai 14 - 18. Yana da mahimmanci ga penguins cewa fuka-fukai sun kasance ba ruwa a kowane lokaci. Kullum suna shafa gashin gashin tare da wani abu na musamman, wanda ake fitarwa daga gland ta bakinsa, wanda yake a gindin wutsiya.
Theafafun penguin na Gentoo suna da ƙarfi, masu kauri tare da ƙafafun kafaɗa masu launi mai ruwan lemu mai haske tare da dogayen baƙar fata dogaye. Bakin bakin wani bangare baƙi ne, amma yana da facin lemu mai duhu mai duhu tare da jan wuri a kowane gefen. Launi na tabo an danganta shi ne da kasancewar launukan karoid wadanda suke sha daga krill ta hanyar sha.
Akwai bambanci sosai tsakanin mace da namiji. Namiji ya fi mace girma sosai, ban da haka, yana da dogon baki, fikafikai da ƙafafu.
An rufe kajin da murfin laushi mai laushi, dull beak. Fuskokin farin a kusa da idanu sun riga sun zama sananne a lokacin ƙarami; duk da haka, ba a bayyana su a sarari kamar na manya ba. Penguins suna mallakar launi na laɓar manyan tsuntsayen bayan sun narke bayan watanni 14.
Kiwan penguin Gentoo.
A cikin penguins na gentoo, namiji yana zaɓar mafi kyawun gidan yanar gizo. Babban yankuna wurare ne masu laima ba tare da dusar ƙanƙara ba ko kankara. Namiji ya kira mace da babbar murya don duba wurin.
Penguins tsuntsaye ne masu auren mace daya kuma suna rayuwa har abada. Amma a wasu lokuta, mace kan zabi sabon aboki. Adadin shika bai kai kashi 20 cikin 100 ba, wanda yake kadan idan aka kwatanta shi da sauran nau'ikan nau'in penguin.
Penguins na iya fara yin sheka tun yana ɗan shekara biyu, kodayake mafi yawanci yana ɗan shekara uku ko huɗu.
Fiye da nau'i-nau'i 2000 suna zaune a cikin mulkin mallaka ɗaya.
Gidajen nisan suna tazarar kusan mita daya. Duk iyayen biyu suna cikin aikin ginin gida. Yana da sihiri a cikin sifa mai faɗi da kuma rami mai rami. Girman gida ya fara daga 10 zuwa 20 cm a tsayi kuma kusan 45 cm a diamita. Gidajen an yi su ne da kananan duwatsu, gami da duwatsun da aka sato daga wasu gidajen. A matsakaita, ana kashe fiye da pebbles 1,700 akan gini. A wasu lokuta ana amfani da fuka-fuka, tsutsa da ciyawa.
Oviposition yana farawa daga Yuni zuwa tsakiyar Agusta kuma yawanci yakan ƙare a ƙarshen Oktoba-Nuwamba. Mace tana yin ƙwai ɗaya ko biyu.
Qwai ne mai faɗi, mai launin kore-fari. Shiryawa yana ɗaukar kimanin kwanaki 35. Kaji ya bayyana da rauni kuma yayi nauyi kusan gram 96. Sun kasance a cikin gida na tsawon kwanaki 75 har sai sun yi fage. Matasan penguins suna jingina da shekaru 70 kuma suna zuwa teku a karon farko. A kan matsakaita, penguins na al'adun gargajiya suna rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 13.
Fasali na halayyar kwandon penguin.
Penguins tsuntsaye ne na yanki kuma suna kiyaye gidajen su da kewayen gida kusa da gida, a matsakaita na murabba'in mita 1.
Galibi, suna zaune a wuri ɗaya inda suka kiwo.
Babban dalilin da yasa tsuntsaye ke kaura zuwa wani wuri shine samuwar kankara a lokacin watannin hunturu, a wannan yanayin tsuntsayen zasu sami sarari mara kankara.
Bayan kajin sun gudu sun bar gidajensu na zama, manyan tsuntsayen suna fara yin narkar da su kowace shekara. Molting yana da ƙarfi sosai, kuma penguins dole ne su tara shagunan mai, tunda zafin narkar da kwana 55 ne. A wannan lokacin baƙon penguins ba zai iya ciyarwa a cikin teku ba kuma da sauri ya rasa kimanin gram 200 a cikin nauyi kowace rana.
Gentoo abincin penguin.
Penguins na Gentoo sun fi cin kifi, kayan kwalliyar kwalliya da kayan kwalliya. Krill da jatan lande sune babban abinci.
Daga Yuni zuwa Oktoba, penguins na gentoo suna cin notothenia da kifi. Cephalopods sunkai kashi 10% kacal na abincin su yayin shekara; waɗannan sune dorinar ruwa da ƙananan squids.
Ayyuka na Kula da Yankin Penguin.
Ayyukan muhalli sun haɗa da:
- Kulawa na dogon lokaci na mazaunan lardin penguin na kiwo da kariya daga wuraren zama.
- Yakamata a rage gurɓatar mai a wuraren kiwo da filayen ciyarwa.
- Haramtawa duk baƙin da suka kusanci yankin da bai wuce mita 5 ba kuma ƙirƙirar yankuna ƙuntatattu ga masu yawon bude ido.
- Kawar da nau'ikan nau'ikan zafin nama: ɓeraye, kwaiyoyi a Tsibirin Falkland.
Dole ne a bincika tasirin kowane kifi da aka gabatar don kifi a cikin mazaunan penguin na penguin a hankali kafin a yarda da irin wannan kamun kifin.