Eudoshka na Turai (Umbra krameri) ko kifin kare na dangin Umber ne, umarnin Pike-like.
Yaduwar Turawan Evdoshka.
Ana rarraba Turai ta Evdoshka ne kawai a cikin magudanan ruwa na Dniester da Danube, haka kuma a cikin kogin Bahar Maliya. Yana faruwa a cikin jikin ruwa na arewacin Turai, inda aka gabatar dashi kwatsam.
Gidajen Turai Eudos.
Bature Evdoshka yana rayuwa ne a cikin ƙaramin jikin ruwa mai ruwa wanda yake a ƙasan magudanan koguna. Kifin ya fi so ya zauna a cikin tafki tare da ɗumbin ɗumbin laka da kuma cikin gulbin da aka lulluɓe da tarkace masu lalacewa. Yana faruwa a cikin tafkunan ruwa tare da ciyayi mai yawa, ya haɗu a cikin ƙananan ramuka, ramuka, raƙuman ruwa da ƙananan tafkuna masu kauri da ciyayi da katako.
Alamomin waje na Turai Evdoshka.
Baƙin Turai Evdoshka yana da tsawan jiki, an daidaita shi a tarnaƙi. An taƙaita gaban kai. Jawarƙashin muƙamuƙi ya haɗu da kwanyar a gaban gefen bayan ido kuma ya fi tsayi sama da na sama. Babu layin layi. Girman namiji da mace sun bambanta, 8.5 da 13 cm, bi da bi.
Manyan sikeli sun tsaya a kan kai. Ramin hanci hanci biyu ne. Bude bakin yana da kunci, karami a cikin girma. A kan muƙamuƙi akwai ƙananan hakora masu kaifi waɗanda aka kai su cikin ramin baka. Baya baya rawaya-kore, ciki haske. Lanungiyoyin-jiki tare da ratsi masu launin jan ƙarfe. Idanun suna da girma, suna can saman kai. An juya babban doguwar dorsal zuwa ƙarshen sulusi na biyu na jiki. Fushin caudal yana da fadi, zagaye. Launin jiki yayi daidai da asalin mazaunin. Jiki yana da launin ja-kasa, baya ya yi duhu. Bangarorin suna da haske tare da ratsi mai launin rawaya. Ciki mai rawaya ne. Jerin duwatsu masu duhu suna gudana tare da ƙofar dorsal da caudal. Raƙuman duhu sun tsaya a jiki da kai.
Fasali na halayyar Evdoshka ta Turai.
Baturen Turai na Evdoshka na cikin nau'in kifin da ke zaune. A cikin rafuka masu ƙanƙan da kai, yana ɓoye cikin rami. Mazaunan tare tare da sauran Gobius, loaches, roach, rudd da crucian kifi.
Yana kiyayewa a zurfin ruwa mai tsabta, amma a ƙasa mai laka, saboda haka yaci karo da matukar wuya. Yana iyo cikin ƙananan garken a zurfin mita 0.5 zuwa 3.
Bature Evdoshka kifi ne mai hankali, mai saurin nutsuwa da sirri. Yana iyo a cikin ruwa, a wani lokaci yana sake gyara finshin ciki da na ciki, kamar kare mai gudu. A lokaci guda, ƙwanƙollen ƙwanƙwasa yana yin motsi kamar na motsi, kamar dai wani tsoka dabam yake sarrafa kowane ƙwan ƙashi. Wannan hanyar motsi ta ba da gudummawa ga bayyanar suna na biyu "kifin kare".
Ingancin Turawan Turai na Evdoshka.
Bature Evdoshka ya saba da zama a cikin ruwa mara zurfin da ke dumama sosai. Lokacin da tafkin ya kafe, Turawan Turai na Evdoshka suna ɓoye a cikin kaurin siririn kuma yana jiran lokacin da bai dace ba. Tana iya amfani da iska daga yanayi, kuma cikin sauƙin haƙuri da yunwar oxygen. Kifin ya haɗiye iska ta bakinsa, yana hawa zuwa saman ruwa. Oxygen ya shiga cikin mafitsara na ninkaya, wanda ke cunkushe tare da jijiyoyin jini. Saboda haka, Turawan Turai na Evdoshka na iya rayuwa na dogon lokaci a cikin rashi in babu ruwa a tafki.
Cin Turai Evdoshka.
Eudoshka na Turai yana ciyar da kifin kray, molluscs, larvae na kwari, soyayyen oatmeal da tudu.
Sake bugun Turawan Evdoshka.
Bature Evdoshki yana haifuwa lokacin da tsawon jiki ya kai santimita biyar. Wasu kifayen biyu sun mamaye wani gidan yanar gizo, wanda yake kariya daga masu fafatawa.
Suna yin ƙwai daga Maris zuwa Afrilu, lokacin da zafin ruwan ya kai + 12-15 ° C. A wannan lokacin, launin eudos na Turai ya zama mai haske musamman.
Gida gurbi ƙaramin rami ne a cikin ƙasa; yana ɓoye a cikin ciyayi masu daushin ruwa. Mace tana tofa ƙwai 300 - 400 don ragowar tsire-tsire. Yana kare gida kuma yana cire ƙwai tare da mataccen amfrayo, ƙari, ta hanyar motsi ƙege, yana haɓaka kwararar ruwan sabo mai wadataccen iskar oxygen. Ci gaban amfrayo yana ɗaukar sati ɗaya da rabi, tsutsa ta bayyana kusan 6 mm. Mace ta fita daga gidan shukura, soyayyen yana ciyar da kansa akan kwayoyin planktonic. Daga nan sai suka canza sheka zuwa ciyar da tsutsar kwarin da ƙananan ɓawon burodi. A lokacin shekarar farko ta rayuwa, soya ta kai tsawon 3.5 cm. Bugu da ƙari, girma yana raguwa, kuma yana ɗan shekara huɗu, eudos yana da tsayin jiki na 8 cm, kuma manyan samfura sunkai cm 13. Girman mazaje ya fi na mata ƙanana, kuma suna rayuwa kusan shekaru uku, sannan yadda mata ke rayuwa har zuwa shekaru biyar. Matashin Turai Eudos yana ba da zuriya tun yana ɗan shekara uku.
Adana Eudos na Turai a cikin akwatin kifaye.
Eudoshka na Turai shine kifi mai ban sha'awa don adana shi a cikin akwatin kifaye. Wannan nau'in ba shi da darajar kasuwanci. Abubuwan halayyar ɗabi'a ɗaya ne da waɗanda ake yi wa katutu ko kuma gudgeon. Ikon jure rashin isashshen oxygen a cikin ruwa yana ba da damar hawan eudos na Turai a cikin akwatinan ruwa na gida. Eudos na Turai yawanci suna ɓoye a ƙasan. Don cike abubuwan ajiyar iskar oksijin nasu, suna shawagi zuwa saman ruwa tare da taimakon motsi mai karfi na wutsiya, kama iska sannan suka sake nutsewa zuwa kasan. Iska tana fita ta cikin murfin gill da aka buɗe kaɗan, kuma a hankali ana tauna sauran abincin. A cikin akwatin kifaye, Eudos na Turai ya kusan zama mai rauni. Suna karɓar abinci daga hannu, yawanci ana ba da kifin ne yankakken nama mara kyau. A ƙarƙashin yanayin ƙaura, Turai Eudos ƙarƙashin kyakkyawan yanayi kuma ya rayu har zuwa shekaru 7. Amma akwatin kifaye dole ne ya ƙunshi mutane da yawa. Koyaya, babu yanayin da ya dace don haihuwa a cikin fursuna, mace ba ta iya haihuwar manyan ƙwai ba kuma ta mutu.
Matsayin kiyayewa na Turai Eudoshka.
Turai Evdoshka nau'in raɗaɗi ne a cikin yawancin kewayonsa. A cikin yankuna 27 na Turai, eudoshka na Turai yana cikin haɗari. Gyarawar da ke gudana ya haifar da raguwar mutane masu yawa na wannan nau'in, har ma a mazauninsu na dindindin.
Babban dalilan rage yawan Eudos na Turai a jikin ruwa sune ayyukan magudanan ruwa da aka gudanar a yankin Danube Delta da kuma a can kasan Dniester.
Dokar ta kwararar kogi domin safarar ruwa, da kuma magudanan fadama domin bukatun noma ya haifar da raguwar yawan masu komawa baya, inda ba da jimawa ba aka lura da Turai eudos. Kifi ba zai iya tafiya tsakanin abubuwan da ke baya ba saboda madatsun ruwa da aka gina akan rafuka. Tare da raguwar yankuna masu dacewa don zama na wannan nau'in, a hankali ana samun raguwar lambobi, tunda ba a kirkiro sabbin wuraren da suka dace da haihuwa ba. An kiyasta cewa a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata, adadin mutane ya ragu da fiye da 30%. Bature Evdoshka yana cikin Littattafan Bayanai na Red data na Austria, Slovenia, Croatia, Moldova. A Hungary wannan nau'in kifin ma an kiyaye shi kuma an tsara tsare-tsaren aiki na gari.
