Hazel dormouse (Muscardinus avellanarius) na dangin dormouse ne (Myoxidae).
Rarraba dormouse.
Ana samun hazel dormouse a duk Turai, amma anfi samunta a yankunan kudu maso yamma na Turai. Ana kuma samun su a cikin Asiaananan Asiya.
Hazel dormouse mazauninsu.
Hazel dormouse suna zaune a cikin dazuzzuka masu daɗaɗɗu, waɗanda ke da ɗimbin ɗakunan shuke-shuke da shuke-shuken willow, hazel, linden, buckthorn da maple. Mafi yawan lokuta, hazel dormouse yana ɓoye a cikin inuwar bishiyoyi. Hakanan wannan nau'in yana bayyana a yankunan karkara na Burtaniya.
Alamomin waje na hazel dormouse
Hazel dormouse shine mafi ƙanƙanci daga dormouse na Turai. Tsawon daga kai zuwa wutsiya ya kai cm 11.5-16.4. Wutsiyar ta kusan rabin jimlar duka. Nauyin nauyi: 15 - 30 gr. Waɗannan ƙananan dabbobi masu shayarwa suna da manyan idanu, baƙaƙen tsakiya da ƙananan kunnuwa. Kan yana zagaye. Wani fasali mai rarrabe shine wutsiya mai walƙiya a cikin launi ɗan duhu fiye da baya. Jawo yana da taushi, mai yawa, amma gajere. Launi jeri ne daga launin ruwan kasa zuwa amber a gefen ɓangaren jikin mutum. Ciki fari ne. Maƙogwaro da kirji farare ne masu ƙwari. Vibrissae furushin gashi ne masu haɗuwa a cikin daure. Kowane gashi an tanƙwara shi a ƙarshen.
A cikin samarin hazel dormouse, launin fur ɗin ya dushe, galibi launin toka ne. Legsafafun Dormouse suna da sassauƙa kuma an daidaita su don hawa. Akwai hakora ashirin. Hakoran kunci na hazel dormouse suna da tsari na musamman.
Sake haifuwa daga hazel dormouse.
Daga ƙarshen Satumba ko farkon Oktoba, hazel dormouse hibernate, farka a tsakiyar bazara.
Maza maza dabbobin yanki ne, kuma tabbas suna da aure fiye da ɗaya.
Mace tana haihuwar 'ya'ya 1-7. Yana ɗaukar zuriya don kwanaki 22-25. 'Ya'ya biyu za su iya kasancewa a lokacin kakar. Ciyar da madara na kwanaki 27-30. Kubiyoni sun fito tsirara, makafi kuma marasa taimako. Mace tana ciyar da zumarta da ɗumi ɗumi. Bayan kwanaki 10, paurangiyar suna haɓaka ulu da siffofin auricle. Kuma yana da shekaru 20-22, samari matasa masu hazel dormouse suna hawa rassan, suna tsalle daga cikin gida, suna bin mahaifiyarsu. Bayan wata daya da rabi, matasa masu bacci suna samun 'yancin kai, a wannan lokacin suna auna daga gram goma zuwa goma sha uku. A dabi'a, hazel dormouse suna rayuwa shekaru 3-4, a cikin zaman talala mafi tsawo - daga shekaru 4 zuwa 6.
Gidan Hazel dormouse.
Hazel dormouse yana kwana kullun a cikin shimfidar ciyawa ta ciyawa da gansakuka, an manna su tare da dunkulen bakinsu. Gida yana da diamita 15 cm, kuma dabba ta dace sosai a ciki. Yawanci yana da mita 2 sama da ƙasa. Gidajen brood an kafa su ne ta ciyawa, ganye, da tsire-tsire. Sony galibi suna zama a cikin ramuka da akwatunan gida na wucin gadi, har da akwatunan gida. A lokacin bazara, suna gasa tare da ƙananan tsuntsaye don wuraren sheƙan gida. Suna kawai shirya gidansu a saman titmouse ko flycatcher. Tsuntsu zai iya barin gidan da aka samu.
Waɗannan dabbobin suna da nau'ikan mafaka da yawa: ɗakunan gida inda dormouse hibernate suke, da kuma wuraren bazara inda hazel dormouse ke hutawa bayan ciyarwar dare. Suna hutawa da rana a buɗe, raƙuman da aka dakatar waɗanda ke ɓoye a cikin kambin bishiyoyi. Siffar su ta bambanta sosai: oval, spherical or other shape. Ganye, shuke-shuken shuke-shuke da barkonon tsohuwa sun zama kayan gini.
Fasali na halayen hazel dormouse.
Dabbobin manya ba sa barin rukunin yanar gizon su. A farkon kaka, yara sun yi ƙaura, suna tafiya mai nisan kusan kilomita 1, amma galibi suna kwanciya a wuraren haihuwarsu. Maza suna motsawa koyaushe a lokacin kiwo, tunda yankunansu suna haɗuwa da yankunan mata. Matasa masu bacci suna samun yanci kyauta kuma suna zama masu zaman kansu.
Hazel dormouse suna kwana a cikin dare don neman abinci. Legsafafunsu masu ƙarfi suna sauƙaƙa motsi tsakanin rassan. Wintering yana daga Oktoba zuwa Afrilu, lokacin da zafin jiki na waje ya sauka ƙasa da 16 '° С. Hazel dormouse suna cinye duk wannan lokacin a cikin rami, ƙarƙashin ƙasan daji ko kuma cikin burbushin dabbobi. Gidajen hunturu suna layi tare da gansakuka, fuka-fukai da ciyawa. Yayin bacci, zafin jiki ya sauka zuwa 0.25 - 0.50 ° C. Hazel dormouse - loners. A lokacin kiwo, maza suna kare yankinsu da karfi daga wasu mazan. Tare da farkon lokacin sanyi, rashin nutsuwa ya fara, tsawon lokacinsa ya dogara da yanayin yanayi. Hazel dormouse mai kaunar zafi tare da kowane digo na zafin jiki ya fada cikin damuwa. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan farkawa, suna fara haifuwa.
Gina jiki don hazel dormouse.
Hazel dormouse suna cinye 'ya'yan itace da kwayoyi, amma kuma suna cin ƙwai tsuntsaye, kajin, kwari da fure. Hazelnuts sun fi son waɗannan dabbobi. Nutswarorin da aka gwada suna da sauƙin rarrabewa ta santsi, zagaye ramuka waɗanda waɗannan dabbobin suka bari akan ƙwanƙolin gida.
Gyada dormouse ta kware a cin kwayoyi 'yan makonni kadan kafin bacci, amma ba ta adana abinci don lokacin sanyi. Abincin da ke cikin fiber ba shi da matukar dacewa ga masu bacci, saboda ba su da cecum kuma cellulose yana da wahalar narkewa. Sun fi son 'ya'yan itatuwa da iri. Baya ga goro, abincin ya ƙunshi acorns, strawberries, blueberries, lingonberries, raspberries, blackberries. A lokacin bazara, dabbobi na cin bawon samarin spruces. Wani lokacin sukan ci kwari iri-iri. Don tsira daga hunturu lami lafiya, hazel dormouse yana tara mai mai ɗanɗano, yayin da nauyin jiki kusan ninki biyu.
Tsarin halittu na hazel dormouse.
Hazel dormouse yana taimakawa wajen lalata shuke-shuke lokacin da suke cin pollen daga furanni. Sun zama saukakkun ganima ga dawakai da dabbobin daji.
Matsayin kiyayewa na hazel dormouse.
Adadin hazel dormouse yana raguwa a yankunan arewacin na zangon saboda asarar muhallan daji. Adadin mutane a cikin kewayon ƙanana ne. Wannan nau'in dabbobi a halin yanzu yana daga cikin mafi karancin nau'in halitta, amma yana da matsayi na musamman akan jerin CITES. A cikin yankuna da yawa, hazel dormouse yana cikin jerin nau'ikan nau'ikan halittu.
