Gidan Abincin Abakan "Cibiyar namun daji" kyakkyawan misali ne na yadda ƙasƙantar farawar masoya yanayi zai iya fassara zuwa sakamako mai ban mamaki.
Lokacin da aka kafa gidan Zaman Abakan
Gidan Abincin na Abakan ya fara ne da yankin da aka shirya cikin masana'antar sarrafa nama. Kifin akwatin kifaye, budgerigars shida da mujiya mai dusar ƙanƙara mai dusar ƙanƙara ta wakilta. Wannan ya faru a 1972. Bayan wani lokaci, wani babban rayayyen halitta ya bayyana - damisa mai suna Achilles, wanda shahararren mai koyarwar Walter Zapashny ya gabatar da shi ga gidan ajiye namun daji, aku biyu na Ara daga gidan ajiyar namun daji na Novosibirsk, zakuna biyu da jaguar Yegorka.
Takaitaccen tarihin gidan Abakan
A cikin 1998, lokacin da gidan Abakan ya riga ya mallaki tarin dabbobi, Kamfanin Nama na Abakan ya baci, wanda ya taka rawar gani a ci gaban gidan zoo. Bayan wannan, an sauya ma'aikatar zuwa Ma'aikatar Al'adun Khakassia. Shekara guda bayan haka, an canza sunan hukuma daga gidan ajiyar Abakansky zuwa Park Park Institution Zoological Park na Jamhuriyar Khakassia.
A shekara ta 2002, an bai wa gidan namun daji aikin dawo da abubuwa na fure da dabbobi da kuma kiyaye bambancin halittu. A lokaci guda kuma, an sauya wa gidan namun dajin Cibiya ta zama "Cibiyar Kula da Namun Daji". A cikin wannan shekarar, albarkacin nasarorin da aka samu, an shigar da dajin Abakan Zoological zuwa EARAZA (Regionalungiyar Yankin Zoo da Aquariums na Yuro-Asiya) kuma suka fara haɗin gwiwa tare da littafin duniya "Zoo".
Ta yaya gidan Abin Abakan ya ci gaba
Lokacin da sauran jama'a suka sami labarin kirkirar dajin Abakan Zoological, nan da nan ya jawo hankalin jama'a da kuma masu sha'awar kowane mutum. Godiya ga wannan, ya fara cika da sauri tare da sabbin wakilai na fauna na yankin Krasnoyarsk da Khakassia.
Jami'an gandun daji sun ba da taimako mai yawa. Mafarauta da masu son dabba kawai suka shiga cikin shari'ar, suka kawo yara da dabbobin da suka samu rauni a cikin taiga wadanda suka rasa uwayensu. Dabbobin da suka yi ritaya sun fito ne daga da'irorin Soviet daban-daban. A lokaci guda, an kafa lambobin sadarwa tare da wasu gidajen zoo a cikin ƙasar, godiya ga abin da musayar yaran da aka haifa a cikin bauta ya yiwu.
Shekaru 18 bayan kafuwarta - a cikin 1990 - wakilai 85 na duniyar dabbobi sun zauna a gidan ajiyar namun daji, kuma shekaru takwas daga baya an kara dabbobi masu rarrafe zuwa dabbobi masu shayarwa da tsuntsaye. Kuma mazaunan farko na terrarium sune iguana da kada da aka gabatar wa darakta na gidan zoo A.G Sukhanov.
Alexander Grigorievich Sukhanov ya ba da babbar gudummawa ga ci gaban gidan zoo. Duk da mawuyacin lokacin tattalin arziki (ya hau matsayin darakta a cikin 1993), ya yi nasarar ba kawai don adana gidan zu ba, har ma ya cika ta da dabbobin da ba na zamani ba da kuma Red Book.
Matarsa, wacce ke kula da karamin bangaren dabbobi, ita ma ta ba da gagarumar gudummawa. Tare da mijinta, a cikin mawuyacin yanayi, ta sami nasarar ƙaruwar yawan dabbobi, a kashin kanta, a cikin gidanta, suna kiwon waɗancan cuban da uwayensu ba su iya ciyar da zuriya. A wannan lokacin, yana yiwuwa a cimma hakan ba wai kawai dabbobin daji ba, har ma birai, zakuna, Bengal da Amur damisa har ma da caracals sun fara kawo zuriya a kai a kai.
Daga kasashe daban-daban A.G. Sukhanov ya kawo dabbobi marasa irin su wallaby kangaroo na Australiya, katar Pallas, caracal, ocelot, serval da sauransu.
A cikin 1999, dabbobi 470 na nau’uka daban-daban na 145 sun rayu a gidan Zakin Abakan. Shekaru uku kawai bayan haka, wakilai 675 na nau'ikan dabbobi masu rarrafe 193, tsuntsaye da dabbobi masu shayarwa sun zauna a nan. Haka kuma, sama da nau'in 40 mallakar Red Book ne.
A halin yanzu, gidan Abakan Zoo shi ne mafi girman ma'aikata a cikin Siberia ta Gabas. Koyaya, wannan ba gidan zoo bane kawai. Hakanan wurin shakatawa ne na kiwo don dabbobi da tsuntsaye masu haɗari da haɗari, kamar falgalin peregrine da saker falcon. Dole ne in faɗi cewa yawancin dabbobin daji, da ke rayuwa a gidan ajiyar dabbobi tun daga haihuwa, sun zama cikakkun lamura har ma suna iya ba da damar a shafa su.
Gobara a gidan Abakan
A watan Fabrairun 1996, wayoyin lantarki sun kama wuta a cikin wani daki inda ake ajiye dabbobi masu son zafi a lokacin sanyi, wanda hakan ya haifar da wuta. Wannan ya haifar da kusan kusan dukkanin nau'ikan dabbobi masu son zafi. Sakamakon gobarar, an rage yawan mutanen gidan zoo zuwa nau'ikan dabbobi 46, wadanda galibi nau'ikan "masu jure sanyi ne," kamar damisa Ussuri, kerkeci, diloli da wasu ungulaye. Lokacin da, watanni shida bayan gobarar, magajin garin Moscow na lokacin, Yuri Luzhkov, ya ziyarci Khakassia, ya ja hankali game da wannan bala'in kuma ya taimaka don tabbatar da cewa an ba da gudummawar mafi ƙarancin steppe lynx, caracal, daga Gidan Zoo na Moscow. Sauran gidajen zoo a Rasha, musamman daga Novosibirsk, Perm da Seversk, suma sun ba da babban taimako.
Ta wata hanyar, wasu 'yan damisar Ussuri masu suna Verny da Elsa, waɗanda suka haifi zuriya jim kaɗan bayan gobarar kuma hakan ya ja hankalin jama'a zuwa gidan namun dajin, sun ba da gudummawa ga farkawa. Dole ne a faɗi cewa tsawon shekaru huɗu, an haifi 'ya'yan damisa 32 a cikin gidan zoo, waɗanda aka sayar da su zuwa wasu gidan namun dajin kuma aka yi musayarsu da dabbobin da ba su rigaya ba a gidan Abakan Zoo.
Menene makomar Abakan Zoo
Gidan namun dajin yana da yarjejeniya da gonar masana’antar Tashtyp kan ware hekta dubu 180 na kasa mai muhimmanci don kusantar da dabbobi kusa da mazauninsu, da kuma wurin haifuwa.
Gudanarwar suna shirin gina masauki don dabbobi. Idan zai yiwu a samar da yanayin da ya wajaba don sake gabatar da mazauna gidan zoo a cikin daji, cibiyar zata iya zama mai shiga cikin shirin kasa da kasa na kiyaye namun daji.
Waɗanne ayyuka aka gudanar a gidan Abakan?
A lokacin bazara, gidan namun daji yana shirya balaguron balaguro, wanda a ciki ɗalibai da ɗalibai na musamman ke jagorantar su. Har ila yau, ana gudanar da hutun hutu don yara a kai a kai, makasudinsu shine a cusa wa matasa ƙarancin ƙauna ga yanayi da faɗi game da mazaunanta, wanda ɗan adam ya ba su haƙƙin haƙƙinsu kawai - haƙƙin hallaka.
Shirye-shiryen biki a kai a kai suna magana ne da al'adun 'yan asalin Khakassia, waɗanda suka dogara da girmamawa ga Yanayi. Hakanan zaka iya ganin tsoffin al'adun gargajiya da nufin samarwa mutum da haɗin kai da Yanayi. Ana gudanar da tafiye-tafiye na yawon shakatawa da laccoci kan batutuwan nazarin halittu da muhalli. Ana ba yara 'yan makaranta damar ba kawai don duban dabbobi ba, har ma don shiga cikin rayuwarsu, inganta ƙira da tsara kejinsu, da ƙirƙirar abubuwa daga duwatsu da sauran kayan ƙasa.
Tun daga shekarar 2009, kowa na iya shiga cikin yakin "Kula da kai", godiya ga dabbobin da yawa sun karbi masu kula da su wadanda ke taimaka musu da abinci, kudade ko samar da wasu ayyuka. Godiya ga wannan aikin, a cikin fewan shekarun da suka gabata gidan zoo ya sami abokai da yawa, gami da mutane da kamfanoni da kamfanoni. Wannan na da matukar mahimmanci, tunda har yanzu gidan Abakan Zoo yana fuskantar irin wannan matsalar kamar yanayin kiyaye tsuntsaye da dabbobin da ba su dace da matsayin ƙasashen duniya ba. An bayyana wannan a cikin gaskiyar cewa an tilasta dabbobi su zauna a cikin ƙananan keɓaɓɓu na ƙarfe tare da bene na kankare.
Ina gidan Abincin Abakan
Gidan Abakan yana cikin babban birnin Jamhuriyar Khakassia - garin Abakan. Wurin da gidan zauren ya kasance tsohon kango ne, wanda ke kusa da bitocin samar da tsire-tsire na sarrafa nama, wanda ya zama mahaifa ga mahaifa. Vata daga tsiren sarrafa nama an yi amfani da ita azaman abincin dabbobi. Babban darakta a wannan lokacin - A.S. Kardash - ya yi aiki tuƙuru don taimakawa gidan zoo da samar da shi ta ƙungiya da ƙungiyar haɗin gwiwa.
Bayan wannan, yawancin masu sha'awar shiga kasuwancin, saboda aikin da aka shuka dubban bishiyoyi da bishiyoyi ranar Asabar da Lahadi. Kari akan haka, an rufe hanyoyi da kwalta, dakunan amfani, an gina falo da keji. Don haka kango ya zama ainihin lambun da ba a saba da shi ba, wanda yanzu ya mamaye sama da hekta biyar.
Abin da dabbobi ke rayuwa a gidan Abakan
Kamar yadda muka gani a sama, tarin dabbobin gidan Abakan suna da yawa sosai kuma sun cancanci cikakken bincike. A cikin 2016, gidan zoo ya kasance gida ga kusan nau'in nau'in fauna 150.
Dabbobi masu shayarwa da ke rayuwa a gidan Zakin Abakan
Abubuwan fasaha
- Iyalan naman alade: Boar.
- Gidan raƙumi: Guanaco, Lama, Bactrian Rakumi.
- Iyali Bakery: Hadin gwiwar masu yin burodi.
- Iyalan Bovids: Goatakin inabin giya (markhur), Bison, Yaƙ na gida.
- Iyalin Deer: Raƙuman daji na mai-sakewa, Ussuri sika barewa, Altai maral, Siberian roe deer, Elk.
Equids
Equine iyali: Pony, Jaka.
Masu cin nama
- Cat iyali: Bengal tiger, Amur tiger, Black panther, Persian damisa, Damisa mai Gabas, Zaki, Civet cat (kifin kifi), Serval, Red lynx, Common lynx, Puma, Caracal, Steppe cat. Katar Pallas
- Civet iyali: Taguwar da aka yiwa taguwar ruwa, Tsarin al'ada.
- Yan uwan weasel: Mink na Amurka (na yau da kullun da shuɗi), Honorik, Furo, Gurasar gida, Baja ta gama gari, Wolverine.
- Raccoon iyali: Raccoon-tsiri, Nosuha.
- Bear iyali: Gwanin launin ruwan kasa, beyar Himalayan (Ussuri mai farin ciki).
- Canine iyali: Fari mai launin azurfa-baƙi, Fox dusar ƙanƙan Jojiya, Kullun gama gari, Korsak, Kare Raccoon, Kerkeci mai laushi, Kwarin Arctic.
Cutar kwari
Iyali ɗaya ne kawai ke wakiltar wannan ɓangaren - bushiya, kuma kawai daga cikin wakilansa - bushiya ta yau da kullun.
Primates
- Dan biri: Koren biri, Baboon hamadryl, Lapunder macaque, Rhesus macaque, Javanese macaque, Bear macaque.
- Iyalin marmoset: Igrunka talakawa ne.
Lagomorphs
Hare iyali: Kuregen Turai.
Rodents
- Nutriev dangi: Nutria
- Yankin Chinchilla: Chinchilla (mai gida).
- Agutiev dangi: Zaitun agouti.
- Iyalin mumps: Kayan alade na gida.
- Iyalan farji: Bidiyon Indiya.
- Mouse iyali: Girman bera, linzamin gida, Beran Spiny.
- Hamster iyali: Muskrat, Siriya (zinariya) hamster, Clawed (Mongolian) gerbil.
- 'Yan kumbura Tsawon gofer.
Tsuntsayen da ke zaune a gidan Zakin Abakan
Cassowary
- Iyali mara kyau: Kwarto na Jafananci, dawisu na gama gari, tsuntsayen Guinea, Silveran Azurfa, pan farin Zinari, Commonan farin kowa.
- Turkey iyali: Turkey na gida.
- Emu iyali: Emu.
Pelikan
Iyalan Pelican: Curly Pelican.
Stork
Heron iyali: Furfurar farar fata.
Anseriformes
Duck iyali: Pintail, Tumaki, Ogar, Duck Muscovy na gida, Duck na Carolina, Mandarin Duck, Mallard, Duck na Gida, Farin-gaban gose, Black Swan, Whooper Swan.
Charadriiformes
Gull iyali: Ganyayyaki.
Falconiformes
- Hawk iyali: Mikiya ta zinariya, Mikiya mai binnewa, Uwar guguwa, Uwar guguwa (Buzzard mai taurin kafa), Buzzard gama gari (Siberian Buzzard), Black Kite.
- Falcon iyali: Sha'awa, Kestrel gama gari, Peregrine Falcon, Saker Falcon.
Crane kamar
Crane iyali: Demoiselle crane.
Kaman kurciya
Iyali tattabara: Turaramar kurciya. Kurciya.
Aku
Gidan aku: Venezuelan Amazon, Rosy-kunci lovebird, Budgerigar. Corella, Cockatoo.
Mujiya
Iyali na owls na gaskiya: Mujiya mai dogon kunne, Mujiya mai girma mai launin toka, mujiya mai dogon duwawu, Farar mujiya, Mujiya.
Dabbobi masu rarrafe (dabbobi masu rarrafe) da ke rayuwa a gidan Zakin Abakan
Kukuru
- Iyali na kunkuru uku: African Trionix, Sinanci Trionix.
- Iyalin kunkuru: Kunkuru na ƙasar.
- Iyali na kunkuru: Kunkuru mai wuya (baƙar fata), Kunkuru mai kunnuwa mai ƙyau, Kunkuru mai cutar Turawa.
- Iyali na kunkuru kunkuru: Snaura kunkuru.
Kada
- Iguana dangi: Iguana na kowa ne.
- Iyalin Chameleon: Hawainiya mai ɗaukar kwalkwali (Yemen).
- Saka idanu dangin kadangaru: Asianan damfara mai launin toka a Asiya.
- Iyalin ƙadangare na gaske: Kadangare gama gari.
- Gidan Gecko: Gano Gano, Toki Gecko.
- Iyali na ainihin kada: Kada mai kada.
Macizai
- Iyali mai matsakaiciyar siffa: Snow California maciji, macijin sarki na California, Macijin da aka ƙera.
- Iyalin kafafu na karya: Albino damisa Python, Paraguay anaconda, Boa mai takaddama.
- Gidan dangi: Shitomordnik na kowa (Pallasov shitomordnik).
Waɗanne nau'in dabbobi daga Abakan Zoo aka jera a cikin Littafin Ja
Gabaɗaya, gidan Abakan na gida yana da kusan nau'ikan dabbobi talatin na littafin Red Book. Daga cikin su, da farko dai, ya kamata a bambanta nau'ikan masu zuwa:
- Goose-sukhonos
- Duck Mandarin
- Pelikan
- Fagen Peregrine
- Mikiya
- Binnewa na Mikiya
- Mikiya mai taka leda
- Saker falcon
- Cape zaki
- Cougar Amurka
- Serval
- Bengal da Amur Tigers
- Damisar Siberia ta Gabas
- Ocelot
- Katar Pallas
Wannan jerin dabbobin ba na karshe bane: bisa lokaci, mazaunanta suna yawaita.
Abu ne mai ban sha'awa cewa sake cika adadin dabbobi na hukuma ne da mara izini. Misali, kwanan nan mutumin da ya nemi a sakaya sunansa ya kawo gaggafa zinariya a gidan zoo, kuma a shekarar 2009 kaji masu fada sun zo daga gonar reshen Krasnodar zuwa Cibiyar Kula da Dabbobin.
