Belostoma babban kwaro ne na ruwa, na dangin Belostomatidae ne, odar Hemiptera.
Wannan shine babban wakilin Hemiptera. Kimanin nau'in 140 na belostom an tsara su. Ana samun su a cikin yankuna biyu masu zafi da yankuna. Akwai nau'ikan kayan tarihi guda biyu waɗanda ke rayuwa a cikin Gabas ta Tsakiya, ana kiran su Lethocerus deyrolli da Ap-pasus babba. Belostomy ainihin gwarzaye ne tsakanin kwari.
Alamomin waje na belostoma
Belostoma yana da tsayin jiki na 10 - 12 cm, manyan mutane sun kai 15 cm.
Ana iya rarrabe shi a sauƙaƙe ta gaban kafa mai kauri, mai ɗauke da ƙugiyoyi waɗanda suka yi kama da ƙwanƙolin kifin kirin ko kunama Kayan bakin belostoma proboscis gajere ne kuma mai lankwasa, mai kama da baki. A cikin namiji, jikin na sama yana dunƙule, wannan kallon ana masa ta ƙwan da yake ɗauke da kanshi. Bayyanar waje na tsutsa tana kama da ƙwarin kwari, amma ba tare da fukafukai ba.
Rarraba belostoma
Belostomy yana rayuwa cikin jikin ruwa a kudu maso gabas da gabashin Asiya.
Belostomy mazaunin
Ana samun Belostoma a cikin ruwa mara zurfin ruwa tare da gudana ko tsayayyen ruwa. An rarraba shi a cikin tafkuna da tabkuna waɗanda ke da ciyayi na ciyayi, sau da yawa a cikin rafuka da rafuffuka. Zai iya kasancewa a cikin ruwan gishiri na bakin teku. Kashe mafi yawan lokuta a karkashin ruwa, a wajen tafki, ana samun belostomas yayin sake tsugunarwa, lokacin da suka tashi zuwa wani tafki.
Abincin Belostomy
Belostoma wani mai farauta ne wanda yake farautar kwanton kwari, crustaceans, amphibians. Saliva yana ƙunshe da abubuwa na musamman waɗanda ke ba da damar mai cutar. Sannan kwarin da yake farautar sa kawai yana tsotse ruwan dake ciki. Lokacin afkawa abin farauta, belostoma yana kama wanda aka azabtar da ƙafafun gaban gaba kuma ya riƙe shi da ƙugiyoyi na musamman. Sannan yana manne proboscis a jiki kuma ya sanya wani abu mai guba wanda yake sharar abincin. Wannan ruwan 'narkewar abinci yana dauke da enzymes wadanda ke narkarda gabobin ciki zuwa wani yanayi na mushy, bayan haka belostoma yana karbar abinci daga jikin wanda aka yiwa rauni.
Babban kwari na dangin Belostomatidae na iya kai hari ko da kunkuru masu kariya daga babban harsashi. Oba Shin-ya, masanin kimiyyar halittu a Jami'ar Kyoto, shi ne na farko da ya lura da farautar belostoma. A cikin ɗaya daga cikin magudanar ruwa a cikin filin shinkafa, ya sami farar madaidaiciya Lethocerus deyrolli, wanda ke makale da kunkuru. Girman belostoma ya kasance mai ban sha'awa - 15 cm.
Kunkurun nan mai nauyin uku (Chinemys reevesii) bai fi na mai farauta girma ba kuma yana da tsayin cm 17. A lokaci guda, belostoma ba ya lalata harsashin kuma yana amfani da proboscis ne kawai, yana gabatar da shi a cikin laushin jikin dabbobi masu rarrafe. Kunkuru mai sassa uku, wanda ke zaune a cikin ruwan Japan, yana cutar da masunta, yana cin soyayyen kifin da yawa na kasuwanci. An gabatar da kunkuru (Chinemys reevesii) zuwa Japan lokaci mai tsawo kuma sun yawaita da sauri, tunda basu sami abokan gaba a ƙarƙashin sabon yanayin ba. Amma a wannan yanayin, belostomes sun fara tsara adadin dabbobi masu rarrafe.
Idan belostoma kanta ya zama abun farauta, to ya daina motsi, kwaikwayon mutuwarsa.
Kwancen kwano yana tsoratar da abokan gaba da wani ruwa mai ƙamshi wanda aka saki daga dubura.
Sake haifuwa da belostomy
A lokacin kiwo, wasu nau'in belostom suna yin kwai a saman tsirrai na ruwa. Amma akwai nau'ikan da ke nuna kulawa ta ban mamaki ga ɗiyansu. Bayan saduwa, belostomy na mace ya sanya ƙwai fiye da ɗari a bayan namijin kuma ya manna su da mannewa na musamman. Namiji ba wai yana kare zuriyar bane kawai, har ma yana samar da wani ruwa mai hade da iskar oxygen, tare da motsin kafafun sa, ko kuma sanya jikin shi na sama a takaice saman ruwan. A wannan lokacin, maza ba sa yin iyo kuma da kyar suke farauta.
Bayan makonni biyu, tsutsa ta bar bayan iyayen ta shiga ruwa.
Bayan tsutsa sun fito daga kwai, mazan suka daina ciyarwa, saboda haka, bayan kiwo, sai yawan maza ya ragu sosai. Don haka, an tabbatar da adadi mai yawa na riƙe ƙwai. Canjin canji daga ƙwai zuwa ƙwarin ƙwararru ya wuce sama da wata ɗaya. A cikin kwari, ci gaba bai cika ba, kuma ƙwayoyin suna kama da ƙwarin kwari, amma ƙananan ƙanana ne. Suna shan narkakkun da yawa, bayan haka fuka-fuki, abubuwan da ke waje sun bayyana kuma an samar da gabobin haihuwa.
Belostomy a Japan ana ɗaukarsa alama ce ta iyayen da ke kula da yaransu.
Belostomy karbuwa
Belostomy kwari ne da suka dace da rayuwa cikin ruwa. Suna da tsayayyen jiki da gabobi don taimaka musu yin iyo. Lokacin motsi a cikin ruwa, ƙafafu suna yin kamar oars, kuma kauri masu kauri suna ƙaruwa saman jirgi, suna yaɗuwa yayin harbawa mai ƙarfi. Ana yin numfashi a cikin belostom ta iska mai yanayi, wanda ke shiga cikin bututun numfashi ta hanyar buɗewa a ƙarshen ciki. Sun kasance gajeru, kuma wadatar iska karama ce, saboda haka kwari lokaci-lokaci sukan tashi zuwa saman tafkin don numfashi.
Ana samun wata na'urar mai ban sha'awa a cikin belostom: akwai adadi da yawa na duhu akan ƙafafu. Waɗannan sune membranes tare da ƙwayoyin azanci na gashi. Suna ƙayyade hawa da sauka a cikin ruwa da zurfin tafki. Godiya ga wannan "gabobin", ƙwarin ruwa ke tafiya yayin kai hari ga ganima.
Matsayin kiyayewa na belostomy
A Japan, belostoma Lethocerus deyrolli an jera shi a cikin Littafin Ja a cikin rukunin: "yana cikin haɗari." A cikin kasashe da dama a gabashin Asiya, gami da wasu yankuna na Japan, ana cin soyayyen farin soyayyen abinci. Wannan dandano yana da ɗanɗano kamar soyayyen jatan lande, kuma ɓullar glandon ƙwayar cuta na kara dandano wasu nau'ikan soya miya.
Manyan kwariran gado sun fada cikin sharar abincin mutane.
Kusan an kama su a wasu yankuna na kewayon, saboda haka, ana ɗaukar su cikin kariya.
Wace cuta belostomy ke haifarwa ga mutane?
A wasu yanayi, belostomas suna kai hari ga masu iyo. Yunkurin cizon bedbug yana da zafi, amma ba mai haɗari ba ga rayuwa, sakamakon yana wucewa da sauri.
A lokacin bazara da ƙarshen kaka, belostoms suna yin jiragen sama masu yawa zuwa wasu sassan ruwa. Kodayake kwari suna tashi da dare, gamuwa da su ba kyawawa bane. Bugawa ga fuskar da irin wannan kwaron ya haifar da wuya ya faranta wa kowa rai, don haka bai kamata ku tsoma baki tare da fitilun don sasantawa ba.
