Maillard harrier (Circus maillardi) na cikin umarnin Falconiformes.
Alamomin waje na wata mai suna Maillard
Jigilar Maillard babban tsuntsu ne mai ganima mai girman 59 cm kuma fikafikansa na 105 zuwa 140 cm.
Wannan nau'ikan masu haɗari ana ɗaukarsa ɗayan mafi girma a cikin jinsin da ke da alaƙa. Girman jikinsa da silhouette iri daya ne da na Marsh Harrier. Jirgin na Maillard yana da ƙaramin kai, siririn jiki. Kwala kamar mujiya. Wutsiya doguwa ce kuma mai kunkuntar. Mace ta fi 15% girma a girman jiki. Fitsarin jikin namijin galibi baki ne, fari a ƙasa.
Bakar fata tare da ratsi-faran fari wanda ke ci gaba a kirji. Gemun fari ne, bangarorin suna toka toka. Wutsiya tana da raɗaɗɗen launuka masu launin ruwan kasa. Bakin baki baki ne. Voskovitsa, yatsun rawaya. Iris din kuma rawaya ne. Lilin mace a kai da baya launin ruwan kasa ne. Girar ido sun fi haske. Wuyanta yana diga da jan sauti. Yankunan suna launin toka tare da bugun jini baki. Maƙogwaro, kirji da ciki, farare masu launin ruwan kasa da ja. Underarfin gatan fari fari ne.
Matasan Maillard masu cutar suna da kai, maƙogwaro, kirji da na sama, fuka-fukai da wutsiyar launin ruwan kasa mai duhu tare da ɗan jan a ciki. Occiput da sacrum suna da ja-fawn. Launi mai launi na manya tsuntsaye a ƙarshe ya samo shi ne ta hanyar matasa masu haɗari a shekaru 4 da haihuwa.
Wurin zama na tashar jirgin ruwan Maillard
Ana samun jigilar Maillard a cikin fadama, kusa da gabar tabkuna tare da shuke-shuke, a filayen shinkafa, busassun da ciyawar ciyawa. Sau da yawa farauta kan ƙasar noma. A cikin Comoros, ya bazu a tsawo sama da mita 500. Ya fi son yin iyo a cikin tsaunukan dazuzzuka a cikin sarari da kan ƙananan ramuka. Mazaunin wannan jinsin tsuntsayen masu yawanci yawanci yakan kasance ne sama da ciyayin, inda suke neman ƙadangare da ɓeraye. A cikin tsaunukan ƙasa, masu kawo cikas na Maillard suna rayuwa ne daga matakin teku har zuwa mita 3000, amma ba su da yawa sama da mita 2000.
A lokacin nest, ba a zaɓar 'yan asali da gandun daji masu lalata, duk da cewa a cikin irin waɗannan wurare akwai babban daji mai tsayi a tsawan mita 300 zuwa 700. Loonie Maillard tana ciyarwa a yawancin mazauna, amma sun fi son gandun daji (65%), da kuma gonakin rake da makiyaya (20%) da buɗe ciyawar ciyawa da savannas (15%).
Loon Maillard abinci
Looney Maillard yafi ciyar da tsuntsaye da kwari:
- mazari,
- ciyawa,
- addu'ar mantises.
Kashi 50% na abincinsu ya kunshi dabbobi masu shayarwa kamar beraye, beraye da tenrecs (Tenrec ecaudatus.) Bugu da kari, maharan suna farautar dabbobi masu rarrafe da 'yan amshi, su ma suna cin mushe.
Yada jigilar akwatin gidan waya
An rarraba Harrier Maillard a cikin Comoros da Madagascar. Recognizedungiyoyi biyu ana hukuma bisa hukuma:
- C. m. maillardi
- C. macroceles (Madagascar da Comoros).
Fasali na halayyar Loon Maillard
Looney Maillard yana rayuwa shi kaɗai ko kuma a biyu. Suna son yin sama sama na dogon lokaci. Suna nuna zirga-zirgar jiragen sama wanda yayi kama da motsin fadama da hargitsin gungume Ba da nisa da gida ba, namiji yana yin zuriya ne da kuma hawan kaifi. A lokacin waɗannan jirage, sau da yawa yakan shiga cikin juyawa, tare da saukowa tare da kururuwa mai kaifi. Jigilar ta Maillard tana nuna jirgin sama mai ban mamaki a kan yankinsa, yana tashi a saman bishiyoyi masu tsayi. Gajerun fikafikan fikafikansa masu sauyawa tare da masu juyawa.
Nasarar farauta farauta ya dogara da tasirin mamaki.
Saboda haka, yana neman farauta kafin yakai hari. A cikin yankuna masu duwatsu, Maillard Harrier yana farauta sosai fiye da cikin dajin. A cikin Comoros, yana tashi sama da kangaren dutsen. Wannan nau'in maharan yana amfani da wasu hanyoyin don kamo kayan abincinsa: ko dai yayi jirage masu zagaye sama sama ko kuma, akasin haka, yana amfani da sakonnin lura sosai kusa da saman duniya. Matasan Maillard masu farauta a ƙasa.
Maillard mai jigilar kiwo
Lokacin narkuwa don masu matsalar Maillard zai fara ne a watan Disamba a Madagascar, a cikin Oktoba a cikin Comoros. Gida an gina shi ne daga ciyawa da tsire-tsire kuma yana ƙasa. Wani lokacin yana kan tsayin centimita 20 daga ƙasa akan daji. Mace tana yin ƙwai 2 zuwa 6. Shiryawa yana ɗaukar kwanaki 33 - 36. Matasan masu haɗari sun bar gida a cikin kwanaki 45 - 50. Tsuntsayen da suka manyanta suna ci gaba da ciyar da zuriyarsu fiye da watanni biyu.
Matsayi na kiyaye Loon Maillard
Jirgin ruwan Maillard a Madagascar ba safai ake samun sa ba, kodayake ya zama ruwan dare gama gari a kan ƙananan tsibiran da ke yamma da tsaunukan tsaunuka. Jigilar ta Maillard a halin yanzu tana ci gaba kaɗan, tana kaiwa nau'i-nau'i 200 ko 300 a yanki mai girman murabba'in kilomita 1,500. A Madagascar, kasancewar kananan macroceles ana kiyasta ya kai mutane 250 da 1000 a wani yanki mai murabba'in kilomita 594,000. Ko da tare da ƙananan rabe-raben biyu, ana rarraba jigilar Maillard azaman nau'in haɗari. Ididdigar yawan jama'a bisa ga bayanai na 2009-2010 sun fito ne daga 564 manyan tsuntsaye.
Babban dalilan da suka sa aka samu raguwar masu matsalar Maillard din su ne farauta da bin wani tsuntsu mai cin gashin kansa, wanda galibi ake ganin yana satar kaji.
Kuma a da, haduwa da wata mummunan yanayi ne, hakan ma ya taimaka wajen lalata wannan nau'in. Duk da dokokin da aka amince da su game da kariya, har yanzu akwai barazanar. Guba tare da maganin bera, wanda ke shiga jikin tsuntsaye ta hanyar sarqar abinci, yana da hatsari musamman. Urara yawan biranen birni da gina hanyoyi zai kawo ƙarin matsaloli ga shafukan yanar gizo na Maillard. A ƙasa da mita 1300, an kawar da gandun daji kwata-kwata, ban da gangare masu tsayi.
Mahaukaciyar guguwa, ruwan sama mai karfi da gobara na iya kaskantar da sauran wuraren zama, wanda ke taɓarɓarewa. Sauran barazanar da ake fuskanta sun hada da feshin maganin kwari, karo da wayoyin lantarki da na’urar yin iska, da kame wasu nau’ikan tsuntsaye.
Matakan kiyayewar Maillard
Lun Mayar an yi rikodin shi a Rataye na II zuwa CITES. Yana cikin kariyar tun 1966, kuma an bayar da shi a cikin 1989 ta Dokar Minista ta gida. Ganin wayar da kan jama'a da kuma kiyayewa da ake yi don dakile masu farautar namun daji ya taimaka wajen adanawa da sakin tsuntsaye 103, an yi nasarar sake masu matsalar Maillard 43 cikin daji.
Babban matakan kiyaye halittun da ba safai ake samu ba sun hada da sanya ido kan yanayin yawan jama'a. Lauyoyi sun ci gaba da bunkasa don dakatar da farauta da tsananta wa Maillard Harrier da kuma kare ragowar wuraren zama. Yi amfani da irin waɗannan hanyoyin maganin kwari na shuke-shuke don rage haɗarin guba ta biyu tare da magungunan ƙwari. Kirkiro dabarun rage haduwar tsuntsaye da igiyoyi da injinan iska.
