Piebald Harrier (Circus melanoleucos) wakilin wakilin tsarin Falconiformes ne.
Alamomin waje na mai cutar pebald
Jigon pabal yana da girman jiki na 49 cm, fukafukai: daga 103 zuwa 116 cm.
Nauyi ya kai 254 - 455 g. An fi rarrabe silhouette ta tsuntsayen dabbobi da dogayen fuka-fuka, dogayen kafafu da doguwar jela. Launin layin mata da na miji ya bambanta, amma girman mace ya kai kusan 10% girma da nauyi.
A cikin balagaggen namiji, lamuran kai, kirji, na sama, gashin tsuntsaye na farko gabaɗaya baki ne. Akwai ƙananan yankuna masu launin toka mai launin toka mai fari. A sacrum fari ne, wanda aka zana cikin dabara tare da shanyewar launin toka. Launin ciki da cinyoyi fari ne fari-fari. Fuskokin jela farare ne masu ratsin launin toka. Fuka-fukan jela suna da launin toka mai launin shuɗi. Coverananan murfin fuka-fuki sune launin toka mai haske tare da gefuna fari waɗanda suka bambanta ƙwarai da ratsin baƙar fata. Fuka-fukan firam na waje na fari baƙi ne. Gashin ciki da gashinsa na biyu launin toka ne, tare da zafin azurfa kamar jela. Fuka-fukan gadan-gadan masu launin toka ne. Fuka-fukan firamare na farko baƙar fata ne a ƙasa, fuka-fukan firamare na biyu masu launin toka ne. Idanun rawaya ne. Kakin zuma launin rawaya ne ko kore. Legafafu masu launin rawaya ne ko na orange-yellow.
Lilin mata na sama yana da launin ruwan kasa mai yaushi da kirim ko fari.
Fuka-fukan fuska, kai da wuya suna da ja. Baya baya launin ruwan kasa ne mai duhu. Babban murfin wutsiya rawaya ne da fari. Wutsiyar launin ruwan kasa ne mai toka tare da ratsi masu launin ruwan kasa guda biyar. Isasan yana da fari mai launin shuɗi mai launin ruwan kasa mai duhu. Iris na ido launin ruwan kasa ne. Legafafu rawaya ne. Kakin zuma launin toka ne.
Matasa masu kamun kifin suna da kunci ko ruwan kasa mai launi, mai paler a kambi da bayan kai. Launi na ƙarshe na murfin gashin fuka-fukai a cikin samarin matasa yana bayyana bayan cikakken narkar da shi.
Idanun launin ruwan kasa ne, kakin zuma rawaya ne, kuma kafafu lemu ne.
Wurin zama mai cutar Pinto
Jigilar keɓaɓɓiyar kamfani tana zaune a cikin mafi buɗe ƙasa ko wurare masu buɗewa. An samo shi a cikin tsaunuka, a tsakanin makiyaya, daɗaɗɗun kayatattun bishiyoyin birch. Koyaya, wannan nau'in tsuntsayen masu farauta suna da kyakkyawan fifiko ga yankuna masu dausayi kamar bakin ruwa, makiyaya kusa da kogi, ko fadama mai dausayi. A lokacin hunturu, dutsen da ke keɓewa yana bayyana a makiyaya, ƙasar da za ta iya noma, da kuma buɗe tsaunuka. Musamman galibi yana yaduwa a filayen shinkafa, fadama da wuraren da ciyayi ke tsirowa. A cikin wuraren da ambaliyar ruwa ta faro, ya isa ne kan ƙaura, a watan Satumba ko Oktoba, amma yana nan bayan sun bushe. A cikin waɗannan wurare, yana tashi ƙanƙani kuma a hankali yana bincika farfajiyar ƙasa, wani lokacin yakan zauna akan kututture, ginshiƙai ko kumbura na duniya. A cikin yankunan tsaunuka suna rayuwa daga matakin teku har zuwa mita 2100. Ba suyi gida mafi tsayi ba da mita 1500.
Yada jigilar piebald
An rarraba jigilar kifin a tsakiyar da gabashin Asiya. Jinsi a cikin Siberia, yankin transbaikal na gabas har zuwa Ussuriisk, arewa maso gabashin Mongolia, arewacin China da Koriya ta Arewa, Thailand. Hakanan suna haihuwa a arewa maso gabashin Indiya (Assam) da arewacin Burma. Winters a yankin kudu maso gabashin nahiyar.
Fasali na halayen mai cutar pebald
Masu haɗarin pied yawanci kadaici ne.
Koyaya, suna kwana a ƙananan garken tumaki, wani lokaci tare da wasu nau'ikan da ke da alaƙa. A wasu halaye, suma suna tashi tare lokacin da suka sami yanki mai wadataccen abinci da yayin ƙaura. Yayin lokacin saduwar aure, suna nuna zirga-zirgar da'ira, su kadai ko kuma bibbiyu. Namiji yana yin tsalle-tsalle a cikin jagorancin abokin tafiya, tare da motsi tare da kuka mai ƙarfi. Hakanan yana haɓaka fasalin jirgin sama mai jan hankali. Wadannan fararen jirgin ana gudanar dasu galibi a farkon lokacin kiwo. A wannan matakin, maza sukan ba da abinci ga mace.
Kiwo piebald mai kawo cikas
A cikin Manchuria da Koriya, lokacin kiwo don masu cutar da keɓaɓɓu daga tsakiyar Mayu zuwa Agusta. A Assam da Burma, tsuntsaye suna kiwo tun watan Afrilu. Mating yana faruwa a ƙasa, kuma jim kaɗan kafin kwanciya ƙwai a kan gida. Gida mai siffar lebur an gina shi ne daga ciyawa, ciyayi da wasu tsire-tsire kusa da ruwa. Yana da diamita daga 40 zuwa 50 cm a diamita. Tana cikin busasshiyar yanki tsakanin dausayi, ciyayi, ciyawa mai tsayi ko ƙananan daji. Tsuntsaye zasu iya amfani da gida don lokutan kiwo da yawa.
Clutch ya ƙunshi ƙwaya 4 ko 5 masu launin fari ko koren launuka masu launuka masu yawa. Kowane kwai an sanya shi bayan sa'o'i 48. Kamawa ya kasance mace ce ke ɗauke da shi, amma idan ta mutu ta kowane irin dalili, to namiji da kansa ne ke haifar da offspringa .a.
Lokacin shiryawa yafi kwanaki 30.
Kajin suna kyankyashe a cikin mako guda kuma babban yayan ya fi ƙanƙan girma. Namiji yana kawo abinci a farkon matakin ƙyanƙyashewa, to tsuntsayen biyu suna ciyar da zuriyar.
Kaji suna yin tashinsu na farko a tsakiyar watan Yuli, amma suna zama kusa da gida na ɗan lokaci, iyayensu suna kawo musu abinci. Matasan lalatacciyar pebald sun zama masu cin gashin kansu a ƙarshen watan Agusta a arewa da ƙarshen Yuni zuwa Yuli a ƙarshen iyakar zangon. Dukkanin cigaban cigaban yana dauke da kwanaki 100-110. A ƙarshen watan Agusta, masu lalata abubuwa suna taruwa cikin garken tumaki kafin tashinsu na kaka, amma ba su da ma'amala a wannan lokacin fiye da wasu masu cutar.
Piebald mai cutar abinci
Abincin abincin mai cutar piebald ya dogara da:
- yanayi;
- yanki;
- dabi'un mutum.
Koyaya, ƙananan dabbobi masu shayarwa (musamman, shrews) sune babban ganima. Har ila yau, maharan na piebald suna cin kwaɗi, manyan kwari (ciyawar ciyawa da ƙwaro), kaji, ƙadangare, ƙananan tsuntsaye masu rauni ko marasa lafiya, macizai da kifi. Lokaci zuwa lokaci suna cin mushe.
Hanyoyin farautar da mai layin pebal ɗin ke amfani da su sun yi kama da na sauran membobin jinsi na Circus. Tsuntsaye masu farauta suna tashi sama ƙasa da ƙasa, sannan ba zato ba tsammani sun sauko don kama ganima. A lokacin sanyi, babban abincin shine kwadi da ke zaune a gonakin shinkafa. A lokacin bazara, kambun keɓaɓɓen kamari yana kama ƙananan dabbobi masu shayarwa, kadangaru, tsuntsayen ƙasa da kwari. A lokacin bazara, tana farautar ƙarin tsuntsaye masu girman magi ko hankaka.
Matsayin kiyayewa na mai cutar pebald
An kiyasta duka yankin da aka raba bututun mai na pebald tsakanin kilomita murabba'in miliyan 1.2 da 1.6. A cikin mazaunin, nest suna nesa da nisan kusan kilomita 1 daga juna, wanda kusan yayi daidai da yawan nesting na sauran masu farautar tsuntsaye. Adadin tsuntsayen an kiyasta su zuwa dubun-dubatar nau'ikan halittu. Mahalli mai lahani na Piebald yana raguwa saboda magudanar ruwa da juyewa zuwa ƙasar noma. Amma wannan nau'in ya yadu sosai a cikin kewayonsa. Ba a fallasa lambarsa ga manyan barazanar, amma yana da saurin raguwa, kodayake wannan aikin ba ya faruwa da sauri don haifar da damuwa tsakanin masana.
