A zamanin yau ana ganin ba zai yiwu ba don samar da rayuwa ta hanyar kwatsam. Amma masana kimiyya sun yarda, kuma wasu ma suna jayayya cewa a baya wannan aikin ya faru kuma ana kiransa haɓakar abiogenic na abubuwa masu rai. Watau, ana iya samar da kwayar halitta a wajen kwayoyin halittar (rayuwa daga ba rayayye).
Ayyukan fasali
Abiogenic kira na kwayoyin abubuwa ne bisa ka'ida akwai yiwuwar, amma wannan yana bukatar wasu yanayi. A yayin wannan aikin, ana yin aiki da kyau ko cakuda masu tsere. Abubuwa sun ƙunshi nau'ikan isomers masu juyawa cikin adadi daidai.
A yau, ana aiwatar da haɗin abiogenic a cikin dakunan gwaje-gwaje na musamman. Saboda wannan, ana bincika masu mahimmanci masu ilimin halitta. Ofaya daga cikin samfuran haɗin abiogenic wanda yake da mahimmanci ga aikin ɗan adam shine mai. A yayin aiwatar da ƙaura, sinadarin ya ratsa taurin dutsen mai laushi, yana cire cakuda wanda aka gabatar a sifar resins da porphyrins.
Yawancin masu bincike, don tabbatar da wanzuwar kwayar halittar abiogenic, suka juya ga hanyar tsarin masana'antu don samun makamashin roba. Koyaya, zurfafa zurfafawa cikin nazarin mai, masana kimiyya sun sami manyan bambance-bambance tsakanin haɓakar halitta da roba gaurayayyun haɗuwa. A na karshen, kusan babu wasu hadadden kwayoyi wadanda suke tattare da abubuwa kamar su mai mai, sinadarai, salo.
A cikin yanayin dakin gwaje-gwaje, ana aiwatar da kira na abiogenic ta hanyar amfani da hasken ultraviolet, fitowar lantarki ko kuma nunawa zuwa yanayin zafi mai yawa.
Matakai na aiwatar da kira na abiogenic
Yawancin masana kimiyya suna da'awar cewa a yau aikin hada abiogenic ba zai yiwu ba a waje da yanayin dakin gwaje-gwaje. Masu bincike sunyi imanin cewa wannan lamarin ya faru kimanin shekaru biliyan 3.5 da suka gabata. Bugu da kari, an gudanar da hada abubuwa masu hade a matakai biyu:
- bayyanar ƙananan kwayoyi masu nauyin kwayoyi - daga cikinsu akwai hydrocarbons waɗanda suka yi tasiri tare da tururin ruwa, wanda ya haifar da samuwar mahaɗan kamar barasa, ketones, aldehydes, acid acid; matsakaiciyar masu canzawa zuwa monosaccharides, nucleotides, amino acid da phosphates;
- aiwatar da kira na mahadi mai sauki na kwayoyin nauyi masu nauyin kwayoyin halitta wadanda ake kira biopolymers (sunadarai, lipids, nucleic acid, polysaccharides) - ya faru ne sakamakon wani aikin polymerization, wanda aka samu saboda tsananin yanayin zafi da kuma ionizing radiation.
Abiogenic kira na kwayoyin abubuwa an tabbatar da su ta hanyar binciken da ya tabbatar da cewa an samu mahaɗan wannan nau'in a sararin samaniya.
An yi imanin cewa abubuwan haɓaka na cikin jiki (alal misali, yumbu, baƙin ƙarfe, ƙarfe, tagulla, zinc, titanium da silicon oxides) suna da mahimmanci don aiwatar da haɗin abiogenic.
Ra'ayoyin masana kimiyyar zamani akan asalin rayuwa
Yawancin masu bincike sun yanke hukuncin cewa asalin rayuwa ta samo asali ne a kusa da yankunan gabar teku da tekuna. A kan iyakar teku-da-iska, an samar da yanayi mai kyau don samuwar hadaddun hadaddun.
Duk rayayyun halittu, a hakikanin gaskiya, tsarurruka ne wadanda suke karbar kuzari daga waje. Rayuwa a doron kasa bashi yiwuwa sai da wani karfi na musamman. A halin yanzu, yiwuwar samuwar sabbin kwayoyin halittu kadan ne, tunda ya dauki biliyoyin shekaru don kirkirar abin da muke dashi a yau. Koda koda mahaukatan sun fara bullowa, nan da nan za a sanya su cikin iskar shaka ko amfani da su ta hanyar heterotrophic.
