Bishiyoyi sune dogayen doron duniyar mu. Suna iya rayuwa a duniya tsawon ɗaruruwan ko ma dubunnan shekaru. Suna yin sabbin ƙwayoyin halitta waɗanda ke samarwa a cikin asalin zoben girma na shekara-shekara. Suna taimakawa wajen kafa shekarun bishiyoyi. Masana sun ce a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, haɓakar bishiyoyi da yawa ya karu sosai. Game da saurin, ya dogara da yanayin mahalli. Idan kunyi bishiyu a gonarku, za a iya haɓaka ci gaban su ta hanyar kula da su yadda ya kamata.
Kamar mutane, bishiyoyi suna girma sosai tun suna ƙuruciya, kuma yayin da suka tsufa, girma yana raguwa, ko ma ya tsaya gaba ɗaya. Yana da kyau a lura cewa a doron duniya, nau'ikan bishiyoyi daban-daban suna da matakan girma daban-daban. Yanayi da yanayin yanayi sune mahimmancin mahimmanci ga wannan aikin.
Bishiyoyi masu girma da sauri
Bishiyoyi masu yawan girma suna girma a sassa daban-daban na duniya. Za a iya raba su zuwa ƙungiyoyi masu zuwa:
- mai saurin saurin girma - a cikin shekara guda suna girma da kimanin santimita 200 (farin acacia, paulownia, white Willow, black poplar, maple silver, eucalyptus, warty birch);
- saurin girma - a cikin shekara ƙaruwar ya kusan santimita 100 (m elm, spruce gama gari, Turai larch, elm, bishiyar jirgin sama, gyada, pine gama gari);
- matsakaici-girma - santimita 50-60 ne kawai a kowace shekara ana ƙarawa (Amur karammiski, prickly spruce, ƙaho na kowa, Virginia juniper, filin maple, Linden azurfa, fir na Caucasian, oak dutsen).
Ga waɗannan nau'in bishiyar, an gabatar da alamun da ke bayyana a cikin yanayin haɓakar aiki, lokacin da itacen ke matashi.
Bishiyoyi masu girma a hankali
Kamar bishiyoyi waɗanda suke girma da sauri, akwai daidaikun mutane waɗanda suke girma cikin jinkiri. Tsawon shekara suna girma da kimanin santimita 15-20, ko ma ƙasa da hakan. Waɗannan su ne pear na apple, bishiyar pistachio da gabashin thuja, katako da dull cypress, dwarf willow, itacen al'ul na Siberia da berry yew.
Da zaran haɓakar bishiyar ta ragu, sai ta sami girman gangar jikin. Wannan saboda tsofaffin bishiyoyi suna ɗaukar ƙarin CO2 sabili da haka suna ƙara taro. A sakamakon haka, zamu iya yanke hukunci cewa ƙananan bishiyoyi suna haɓaka tsayi a tsayi, kuma tsofaffi a faɗi. Wadannan matakai sun dogara da takamaiman nau'in bishiyoyi da yanayin muhalli.
