Yanzu a cikin ƙasashe da yawa na duniya, ana aiwatar da gine-gine sosai, ba mazaunin kawai ba, amma wuraren kasuwanci da masana'antu. Inara yawan aikin gini daidai gwargwado yana ƙaruwa yawan sharar gida. Don sarrafa lambarta, ya zama dole a zubar da wannan rukunin shara ko don sabunta sake amfani da shi da sake amfani da shi.
Rarraba aikin shara
Sharar da waɗannan rukunoni masu zuwa ana rarrabe su a wuraren gini:
- Sharar gida mai yawa Waɗannan abubuwa ne na sifofi da sifofi waɗanda suka bayyana sakamakon rushewar gine-gine.
- Shararriyar shara Yawancin lokaci wannan ajin yana hada da fim, takarda da sauran kayanda kayan kayan gini suke ciki.
- Sauran shara. A cikin wannan rukunin, ƙura, tarkace, crumbs, duk abin da ya bayyana sakamakon kammalawa.
Wadannan nau'ikan sharar suna bayyana a matakai daban-daban na aikin ginin. Kari akan haka, ana rarraba datti bisa ga kayan aiki:
- kayan aiki;
- Tsarin kankare;
- ƙarfafa tubalan kankare;
- gilashi - m, karye;
- itace;
- abubuwan sadarwa, da dai sauransu.
Sake amfani da hanyoyin zubar da su
A cikin ƙasashe daban-daban, ana zubar da shara ko sake yin amfani da shi don sake amfani da ita. Ba koyaushe ake dawo da kayan aiki zuwa asalin su ba. Dogaro da samfurin, ana iya amfani dashi don samun wasu albarkatun. Misali, ƙarfafa ƙarfe, murƙushe baƙin ƙarfe ana samun sa ne daga ƙarfafa kankare, wanda zai zama da amfani a ƙarin matakan gini.
Daga duk abin da ya ƙunshi bitumen, yana yiwuwa a sami bitumen-polymer mastic, bitumen-foda, taro tare da ma'adanai da bitumen. Bayan haka, ana amfani da waɗannan abubuwan sosai a aikin gina hanya da kuma ƙirƙirar abubuwan haɓaka.
A baya, kayan aiki na musamman sun tara shara daga wuraren gine-gine, suka kai shi wuraren zubar shara kuma suka watsar da shi. A kan wannan, an yi amfani da injunan tono abubuwa, wadanda suka danne tare da daidaita sharar gida, daga baya kuma aka sake jefa musu wasu shara. Yanzu ana sake amfani da sake amfani da kayan aiki na zamani. Don murƙushe ƙwanƙwasa, ana amfani da shears na lantarki ko inji tare da guduma. Bayan haka, ana amfani da tsire-tsire, wanda ya raba abubuwan cikin sassan da ake so.
Tunda kowace shekara yana da wahalar lalata sharar gini, ana sake yin amfani dasu sau da yawa:
- tara;
- hawa zuwa shuke-shuke masu sarrafawa;
- raba;
- tsarkake;
- shirya don ƙarin amfani.
Ci gaban masana'antu a ƙasashe daban-daban
A cikin kasashen Arewacin Amurka da Turai, farashin zubar da shara na gini ya fi yadda ake zubar dashi girma. Wannan yana motsa kamfanonin gine-gine kada su tara shara a cikin shara, amma suyi amfani dashi don samun kayan ƙasa na biyu. A nan gaba, amfani da wadannan kayan zai rage kasafin kudi sosai, saboda kudinsu ya yi kasa da sababbin kayan gini.
Godiya ga wannan, kashi 90% na sharar gini an sake yin amfani dashi a Sweden, Holland da Denmark. A Jamus, hukumomi sun hana adana shara a wuraren shara. Wannan ya ba da damar gano amfani da shara da aka sake yin fa'ida. An dawo da wani ɓangare mai mahimmanci na ɓarnar gini ga masana'antar gini.
Amfani da Secondary
Sake amfani dashi shine ingantaccen maganin matsalar ɓarnatar da gini. Lokacin rusa gine-gine, yumbu, dutsin dutse, yashi, tubalin da aka nika ana amfani dashi don tsarin magudanar ruwa da daidaita wurare daban-daban. Wadannan kayan za'a iya raba su zuwa bangarori daban-daban. Ana kuma amfani da su don yin kankare. Dangane da yanayin tsarin, ana iya amfani dasu don daidaita hanyoyi. Wannan sarrafa kayan yana da mahimmanci musamman ga ƙasashe inda akwai 'yan duwatsu don haƙar dutse.
Lokacin da aka rusa gidaje, ana cire dutsen da kwalta. A nan gaba, ana amfani da shi don kerar sabbin hanyoyi, da shimfidar da kanta, da kuma kananun baki, kwalliya da matashin kai.
Yiwuwar sake amfani da shara kamar haka:
- adana kuɗi kan sayan sabbin kayan aiki;
- rage yawan shara a kasar;
- rage nauyi akan muhalli.
Dokar Gudanar da Sharar Gida
A Rasha, akwai ƙa'ida don gudanar da sharar gida. Yana inganta lafiyar muhalli kuma yana kare mahalli na asali daga mummunar tasirin datti. Saboda wannan, rikodin rikodin sharar gida:
- nawa aka tara;
- nawa aka aika don aiki;
- ofarar sharar gida don sake amfani;
- Shin aiwatar da shara da zubar da shara?
Yadda ake sarrafa dukkan nau'ikan kayan aiki ya kamata ba kawai kamfanonin gine-gine ba, har ma da talakawa waɗanda ke aikin gyara da gini. Ilimin halittar mu na duniya ya dogara da zubar da shara, don haka dole ne a rage adadin su kuma, idan zai yiwu, a sake amfani da su.
