Blue-koren algae ƙa'idodin ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda suka bayyana a cikin akwatin kifaye a ƙarƙashin wasu yanayi. Wannan yana sauƙaƙa shi ta yawancin nau'ikan fannoni waɗanda ke keta fure na ɗabi'a a cikin "mazaunin kifi". Ya zama tilas a yaƙi irin waɗannan matsalolin, tunda tabbas za su shafi lafiyar duk mazaunan akwatin kifaye.
Algae-koren algae a cikin akwatin kifaye
A akwatin kifaye koyaushe ya zama mai tsabta. Akwai yanayi lokacin da masu su ba su da lokacin kula da shi kuma bayan ɗan lokaci suna lura da irin wannan mummunan lahani kamar algae-koren algae a cikin akwatin kifaye. Sun bayyana da dalili, akwai dalilai da yasa wannan zai iya zama lamarin:
- rashin kula da akwatin kifaye;
- yawan zafin ruwa (hasken rana, batir, da sauransu);
- kasancewar rubabben kwayoyin halitta a kasa;
- sauyin canjin ruwa;
- shiga cikin akwatin kifaye na abubuwa masu cutarwa.
Mafi yawan lokuta, algae-koren algae suna bayyana a cikin akwatin kifaye saboda gaskiyar cewa masu su sun manta da canza ruwa a kan lokaci, kuma yawancin ƙwayoyin cuta masu ɓarna sun fara taruwa a ciki. Waɗannan suna iya ninka cikin sauri kuma suna lalata fure mai amfani a cikin akwatinan ruwa. Wannan shine yadda ajiyar shuɗi mai launin shuɗi ta bayyana akan bangon, wanda ke buƙatar ɗaukar matakin gaggawa.
Idan akwatin kifaye ya fallasa zuwa haske kuma adadi mai yawa na hasken rana ya shigo shi, wannan yana haɓaka saurin ci gaba da haifuwa na shuɗi-kore ko algae mai shuɗi. Yana da mahimmanci sosai cewa dakin da yake tsaye yana da iska mai kyau. Amma duk da haka, muhimmin wuri a wannan yanayin yana shagaltar da tsabtace wuraren ajiyar akwatin kifaye da maye gurbin sabon ruwa. Rashin oxygen, ruwa mai tsafta yana haifar da gurɓacewa kuma, sakamakon haka, na iya haifar da mummunan sakamako - rashin lafiya ko ma mutuwar mazaunan akwatin kifaye.
Me yasa shuɗi-koren algae masu haɗari?
Idan algae masu launin shuɗi-shuɗi suna cikin akwatin kifaye, wannan babbar alama ce cewa mazaunan irin wannan gidan gilashi nan da nan suna buƙatar taimako. Yana da mahimmanci a san cewa irin waɗannan algae masu haɗari suna da ikon lalata dukkan rayayyun halittu waɗanda ke cikin “fagen hangen nesa”, don haka suna samar da yanayi mai wuya ga mazaunan akwatinan ruwa. Da farko dai, suna shan dukkan abubuwan gina jiki, iskar oxygen, da fitar da guba, wanda hakan yana shafar dukkan halittu masu rai.
Mafi munin sakamakon irin wannan lokacin mara dadi kamar koren algae shine tarin cyanide wanda ƙwayoyin cyanide suka ɓoye. Yana da haɗari sosai wanda zai iya kashe dukkanin rayayyun halittu a cikin akwatin kifaye. A lokaci guda, ana jin ƙanshi mara daɗin ji daga gare ta, wanda wani lokacin yakan zama mara jurewa. Wadannan kwayoyin guba suna harba duwatsu, kasa da duk wani abu. Fada da kwari masu haɗari waɗanda tuni sun bayyana ba sauki. A wannan yanayin, za'a buƙaci cikakken maganin duk akwatin kifaye.
Lokaci mai hatsari sosai shine rashin isashshen oxygen don kifi, katantanwa da sauran mazaunan ruwa. Ana lura dashi lokacin da kwayoyin cuta masu haɗari suka daidaita. Suna tsokanar sakin nitrogen, ƙara haɓaka zuwa manyan ƙimomi. A halin yanzu, iskar oxygen ya zama kadan kadan cewa rayayyun halittu a cikin irin wannan yanayin suna da wahalar shakar numfashi da kiyaye rayuwa ta yau da kullun. Watau, kwayoyin cuta masu kawo cuta wadanda ke haifar da bayyanar algae mai shudi-shudi na haifar da mutuwar kifi da sauran halittun karkashin ruwa.
Idan aka lura da bayyanar koren kwari a cikin akwatin kifaye, ya kamata ku fahimci cewa wannan barazanar kai tsaye ce ga rayuwar kifi, katantanwa, kadoji da sauran mazaunan ruwa. A wannan yanayin, akwai irin wannan abu kamar sake dawowa. A wannan halin, yana nufin haɓakar "cutar akwatin kifaye" koda kuwa an sarrafa irin wannan gidan kifin kuma an canza ruwan a ciki. Gaskiyar ita ce, hatta mafi ƙanƙantar ragowar irin waɗannan mugayen ƙwayoyin cuta na iya haifar da matsala akai-akai.
Cyanobacteria suna da karko don haka yana da matukar wuya a kashe. Abu ne mai sauki don kiyaye faruwar su. Kuna iya samun irin wannan damuwa ta hanyar jin duwatsu da ƙasa a ƙasa. Idan ya zama mai santsi kuma an rufe shi da fim mai shuɗi mai shuɗi (har ma da mafi kankanta), muna magana ne game da irin wannan cutar ta ƙwayoyin cuta. Abubuwan ɓarnar waɗannan ƙwayoyin cuta marasa haɗari a zahiri suna iya gurɓata sararin akwatin kifaye gaba ɗaya.
Don rayuwa da hayayyafa, cyanobacteria suna karɓar abinci daga ruwan akwatin kifaye, suna amfani da duk abubuwan gina jiki saboda kifi don muguwar manufar su. Suna iya kamuwa ba ƙasa kawai ba, har ma da duwatsu daban-daban, itacen shuke-shuke har ma da tsire-tsire iri-iri. Sun dage sosai kuma suna rayuwa koda a cikin mawuyacin yanayi a gare su. Vitalarfinsu yana iya kishi har ma da tsire-tsire masu tsada waɗanda ke da wahalar "kashewa".
Lalacewar irin wadannan yankuna na kwari suna murmurewa cikin sauri idan aka kwatantasu da sauran rayayyun halittu. Idan ba ayi komai ba, yayin da suke ninkawa, a hankali zasu cika filin akwatin kifaye da haifar da gurbatar ruwa. Bayan lokaci, zai ba da wari mara daɗin ji. Duk matakan da suka dace ya kamata a ɗauka da wuri-wuri. In ba haka ba, akwai kowace dama cewa mazaunan akwatin kifaye za su yi rashin lafiya su mutu. Kamar yadda kuka sani, rayayyun halittu ba za su iya rayuwa ba tare da iskar shaka ba, kuma kasancewar wadannan kwari babu shakka zai haifar da rashin wannan sinadarin kuma ya samar da dukkan yanayin mutuwar kifin.
Yadda ake fada?
Idan masu shi ba sa son “binne” kifinsu, katantanwa da sauran abubuwa masu rai waɗanda ke rayuwa a cikin ɗimbin akwatin kifaye, ya kamata a kula da tsafta cikin sauri. Dole ne a maye gurbin ruwa da sabon ruwa akan lokaci. Wannan aiki ne mai mahimmanci wanda zai ceci kifi daga ƙwayoyin cuta. Amma wannan ma bai isa ba. Dole ne akwatin kifaye ya zama cikakke mai tsabta, ba haka ba. Yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da cewa bangon akwatin kifaye, ƙasa, duwatsu da shuke-shuke da ke zaune a wurin ba ƙaramin barbashin algae mai haɗari ya shafa su ba. Duk wani nau'in algae mai launin shuɗi mai shuɗi ya kamata faɗakar da masu shi. Idan wani ya samu, dole ne a maye gurbin tsire-tsire da ƙasa kai tsaye. Kuma tabbas zaku buƙaci ingantaccen aiki na akwatin kifaye kanta.
Don kawar da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin akwatin kifaye, yakamata kuyi amfani da waɗannan hanyoyin:
- baƙi;
- maganin kashe baki;
- hydrogen peroxide;
- sauya ruwa.
Ana yin maye gurbin ruwa a cikin akwatin kifaye tare da sabo bayan an gama duhu kuma an kammala amfani da hydrogen peroxide. Yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa microbes na irin wannan na iya sake dawowa, ma'ana, su sake yawaita. Kuma kawai a hannun mai shi ne ikon hana faruwar hakan.
Hanyar ragewa
Abu mai mahimmanci a tuna shi ne cewa lonan mulkin mallaka da ke haifar da wannan lahani ba zasu iya jure rashin hasken rana ba. Kuma idan kun samar musu da cikakken duhu na tsawon kwanaki, tabbas zasu mutu, kuma ruwan zai sake bayyana. Amma don wannan dalili ya zama dole a saki akwatin kifin kwata-kwata daga duk mazaunansa, shuke-shuke da ƙasa. Dole ne a cire matatar. An rufe akwatin kifaye da zane mai duhu. Ba tare da iskar oxygen da haske ba, kwari za su mutu.
Kwayar cuta
Tunda yankunan mulkin mallaka suna iya sake dawowa, ya zama wajibi kuyi duk mai yuwuwa don kada ƙasa, ko bangon akwatin kifaye, ko tsire-tsire su ƙunshi ƙananan ƙwayoyin ƙananan irin wannan algae ɗin. Don yin wannan, akwatin kifaye ya sami 'yanci daga shuke-shuke, kifi da ƙasa. Ana iya nitsar da tsire-tsire na mintina 25 a cikin ruwa tare da raunin manganese mara ƙarfi. Sannan ana wanke su a karkashin ruwan famfo.
Hydrogen peroxide
A halin da ake ciki lokacin da akwatin kifaye ya zama ƙarami, zai fi kyau a zubar da ruwan gaba ɗaya kuma a tsabtace shi. Amma idan akwatin kifin yana da girma? Lokaci ya yi da za a yi tunanin ƙara hydrogen peroxide a cikin ruwa. Ana yin wannan ta hanya mai zuwa. Da farko dai, kuna buƙatar girmama rabo. Don lita dari na ruwa, ana ɗaukar mililita ashirin da biyar na hydrogen peroxide. Bayan kwana daya, kuna buƙatar maimaita wannan aikin. Bayan kwana hudu, sai a sauya ruwan. A wannan yanayin, canza 40% na yawan adadin ruwa. Duk halittu masu rai, gami da kifi, za'a iya saka su a cikin ruwan bayan babu shakka cewa an lalata dukkan algae masu cutarwa zuwa ƙananan ƙwayoyin.
Hanya mafi kyau ta kula da kwari shine duhun tanki sannan fara amfani da hydrogen peroxide. Kwana uku bayan kifin ya daidaita, ana iya saita carbon dioxide. Amma an fara sanya matata. Dole ne a tuna cewa ya fi sauƙi don hana irin wannan "cutar" ta akwatin kifaye, fiye da yadda za a yi yaƙi da irin wannan fitinar.
Ta yin amfani da hanyoyin da ke sama, duk wani mai mallakar akwatin kifaye zai iya ceton ran kifayen sa, koda kuwa wadannan akwatinan ruwa suna da girma sosai (wanda haka yake a manyan gidaje, gidajen abinci, kulake, da sauransu). Ko da an sami irin waɗannan algae masu banƙyama, kada ku yanke ƙauna. A koyaushe akwai yiwuwar yaƙar lonan mulkin mallaka na mugayen halittu. Duk da mahimmancinsu da wayonsu, idan aka yi su daidai, ba za a sami ragowar su ba. Kuma duk mazaunan cikin ruwa za su kasance cikin ƙoshin lafiya da rashin lahani.
Kuma duk da haka, fifiko shine ainihin kiyaye hanyoyin akwatin ruwa. Kuna buƙatar tabbatar cewa akwatin kifaye yana wurin da ya fi dacewa da shi. Kada rana ta haskaka shi sosai, amma kada ya kasance da duhu. Ya kamata a tsabtace Aquariums kuma a kiyaye su don kada ƙwayoyin cuta su yi girma a kan ƙasa ko kuma wasu wurare.
