Jama'a ana kiran Yankin Krasnodar da Kuban, kodayake, tabbas, ya fi girma, kuma ya ƙunshi wasu ƙarin yankuna. Amma hakan ta faru. Kuban a gare mu ita ce yankin Krasnodar, wuri ne mai ɗaukaka, ɗakin abincin ƙasarmu, masarautar Cossack. Yanki mai ƙarfin hali, mai ƙarfi, mai 'yanci, mai karimci.
Suna kiranta haka ta babban kogin da yake gudana a nan - Kuban, wanda ke kwarara zuwa Tekun Azov kuma ya raba yankin zuwa sassa 2. Filayen da ke arewacin sun mallaki ƙasar Kuban-Priazovskaya kuma yana da kashi biyu bisa uku na duk yankin a yankin. Bangaren kudu, tsaunuka da tuddai, yana kan sulusi na yankin a ƙasan Babban Caucasus. Matsayi mafi girma shine Dutsen Tsakhvoa (3345 m).
Ana iya fassara kalmar "Kuban" daga Turkanci a matsayin "rafin doki" ko "tashin hankali, kogi mai ƙarfi". Wannan kogin mai zurfin shine farkon abin da ke tasiri ga yanayin ban mamaki na yankin. Saukakawarta tana tattare da ƙauyuka da wuraren ambaliyar ruwa, waɗanda ke da nasu ikon mallaka na musamman. Saboda haka kyawawan halaye da dabbobi da tsuntsaye masu ban sha'awa.
Na biyu, amma ba ƙaramin mahimmin abu mai tasiri ga keɓantaccen yanayi shi ne tudu da duwatsu. Misali, yankin Taman misali ne na hadadden taimako na dindindin, inda kwari masu fadi suna hawa da tuddai. A yankin tsibirin akwai dutsen tsauni mai laka 30, har yanzu yana aiki kuma tuni ya lalace.
Mafi girman dutsen mai fitad da wuta - Karabetova Gora, ya kai mita 152. A cikin Taman akwai silin na hydrogen sulphide da lakar gishiri, waɗanda ke warkarwa. Ba a ma fahimci kaddarorinsu sosai. A halin yanzu ana amfani dasu don kula da jijiyoyi, ciki, hanji da haɗin gwiwa. Amma damar amfani da magani har yanzu yana da girma.
A yankin Kuban, mutum na iya lura da canjin yanayi uku - matsakaiciyar nahiyoyi, raƙuman bushewar Bahar Rum da na can ƙasa. Biyu na ƙarshe halaye ne na gabar Bahar Maliya. Iska mai karfi sau da yawa tana hurawa anan, ana kiransu bora. A yankin Novorossiysk, Anapa da Gelendzhik, iskar bora tana saurin zuwa 15 m / s, wani lokacin har zuwa 40 m / s.
A cikin yankin na tsakiya, lokacin bazara mai sanyi da damuna masu mahimmanci. Wannan shi ne mafi ƙarancin kudu da dumi-dumin yankin na Rasha, banda shi kuma tekuna biyu sun wanke shi - Black da Azov. Wannan shi ne abu na uku da ya shafi yanayi da yanayin yankin. Yanzu kuma munzo kan lokacin da za'a ambaci kalmar "mafi yawanci". Kawai cewa akwai irin waɗannan wurare na musamman da yawa a cikin Yankin Krasnodar.
Bahar Baƙar fata ana ɗauka mafi dumi a cikin Rasha. Amma rayuwar ruwa tana zaune ne zuwa zurfin mita 150-200. Babu wanda ke rayuwa a ƙasa saboda lahani na hydrogen sulfide. Wannan tekun yana da matattarar matattun sharks - katran. Tana tsoron mutum, kuma yana farautar ta da fara'a saboda nama mai daɗi da taushi.
An san wuraren shakatawa da ke kan gabar Bahar Maliya a ko'ina cikin duniya. Sochi, Adler, Anapa, Gelendzhik - mun san waɗannan sunaye tun suna yara a matsayin mafi kyaun wuraren shakatawa na Rasha. Amma akwai kuma lokacin musamman na daukaka. Novorossiysk babban birni ne na Rasha, kuma Tuapse da Anapa biranen ɗaukaka ce ta soja don shiga cikin Babban Yaƙin rioasa.
Sochi ya karɓi bakuncin gasar Olympics ta lokacin sanyi ta 2014. Bugu da kari, ita ce mafi dadewa a duniya kuma birni mafi kusa da arewa tare da canjin yanayi. Amma a cikin karni na 19, Sochi ya kasance wurin gudun hijira, kamar yadda yake a daushin maleriya.
Katran shine mafi ƙanƙanta a cikin yan kifaye
Tekun Azov shine mafi zurfin teku a duniya kuma mafi ƙanƙanta a cikin Rasha. A lokacin rani yana ɗumi har zuwa digiri 25 daga bakin tekun, kuma a lokacin sanyi yana yin sanyi na tsawon watanni 4. Kankara ya kai kaurin cm 90. An dauki wannan teku a matsayin daya daga cikin tekun Rasha da ke da kifi.
Krasnodar safari shakatawa shine mafi girma a Rasha. Dolphinarium "Babban Utrish" shine kadai a cikin duniya. A ƙarshe, zamu iya ƙara cewa shayi na Krasnodar shine mafi shayin arewa a duniya. Gabaɗaya, abin mamaki ne cewa shayi yana girma a wurin, amma wannan kawai yana tabbatar da keɓancewar yanayin wannan yankin.
Fauna na Yankin Krasnodar multifaceted da bambance bambancen. Yankin yankin yana da kusan nau'in dabbobi masu shayarwa 90, fiye da nau'in tsuntsaye 300, game da nau'in 20 na dabbobi masu rarrafe da 11 - amphibians. Babu isasshen wuri don magana game da kowannensu. Zamuyi magana ne kawai game da mafi kyawun su, ba tare da mantawa don haskaka rukunin “Dabbobin littafin Red bayanai na Yankin Krasnodar ".
Dabbobi masu shayarwa
1. Beyar Caucasian mai ruwan kasa (Littafin Ja na Krasnodar Territory - KKKK, nan gaba). Akwai kusan guda 300 da suka rage a cikin daji. Daya daga cikin manya-manyan masu farautar kasa. Nauyinsa zai iya kaiwa 300-350 kg. Idan ya tsaya akan duwawunta, zai girma har zuwa mita 2. Dabba mai hankali da wayo. Komai, amma yana son ɗanyen kifi. Mafi sau da yawa yana zaune shi kadai.
2. Lynx Caucasian - mutane 500 a cikin yanayin yankin, wakilin farauta na fauna. An gan ta sau da yawa a gindin Kuban. Tsawon zuwa 110 cm, yana da raunin ƙanshi, ji da gani basu da kyau.
Gashi launin ruwan toka ne mai launuka iri-iri masu duhu, a kan kunnuwan akwai ƙananan tassels na ulu. Wutsiya gajera ce. Yana farauta tare da tsalle mai ƙarfi da sauri. Ana iya kasafta shi a matsayin "Dabbobin da ke cikin haɗari na Yankin Krasnodar»
3. Damisar Asiya ta Tsakiya tana ɗaya daga cikin mafi girma a cikin jinsinta a duniya. Kyakkyawan, mai alheri, mai haɗari. Yana da fata mai haske ta zinare mai duhu. A bayan baya akwai manyan aibobi masu tsayi - wannan shine keɓaɓɓen sa. Ba ya son ruwa, hawa bishiyoyi da duwatsu. Ana samunta a cikin Transcaucasia da Caucasus.
4. Katsinan daji na Caucasian babban mahaukaci ne. Yana jagorantar keɓantaccen salon rayuwa, wanda aka samo a cikin dazukan yankin Krasnodar a cikin iyakantaccen yanki. Tsawon ya kai 0.5 m, kan yana da girma, idanuwa suna zagaye, a lokacin hunturu suturar da taguwar ta zama mai yawa tare da sutura mai laushi. Mamallakin dogayen kayoyi masu kaifi. Ana kiyaye yawan jama'a a cikin tsauraran matakai.
5. Gyaran Ferret, kwatankwacin irin na birki. Kyakkyawan kyakkyawa mai tsalle-tsalle yana da mummunan rauni daga dangin weasel. Launi mai banbanci shine babban banbancin sa da sauran mutane. Wannan wataƙila wata dabara ce ta wayo. Yana farautar beraye, hamsters da sauran beraye. Jama'a sun sha wahala daga wani mutum, an kashe shi saboda kyakkyawar fata.
6. Bison dutse na cikin nau'in halittun da aka maido dasu. Yanzu akwai kusan 420 na waɗannan manyan dabbobi a cikin Kuban. Mazaunin gandun daji, yana zaune a tsawan 2000 m sama da matakin teku. Girman jiki a bushe - 1.8 m, tsawon 3-3.3 m. Weight - daga 400 zuwa 600 kg.
Mata sun fi ƙanana. Gashi launin ruwan kasa mai duhu ne, curly, kan yana da girma, yana ƙasa da ƙeƙasassun, tare da ƙananan ƙahonin da aka lankwasa. Sun faɗi game da irin waɗannan mutanen "gundura". Oneaya daga cikin tsoffin jinsunan dabbobi, magabatanta suna tuna mammoths.
7. Caucasian chamois, wani nau'in tsuntsaye ne na musamman, zai iya kai wa gudu zuwa kilomita 50 / h. A lokacin rani, fatar ruwan lemo ce, a lokacin sanyi kwalliyar ta yi girma, ta zama ruwan kasa a bayanta, cikin ciki fari ne, gefen yana da launin toka. Maza suna da ƙahonin zagaye. Siriri, mai ƙarfi, mai hankali sosai, da kyar ganin abokan gaba, cikin ƙiftawar ido ya ɓace daga gani.
8. Caucasian otter, ƙaramin dabba mai cin nama kamar marten ko mink, mafarauci mai aiki, ana samun sa kusa da ruwa. Gashi launin ruwan kasa mai duhu, kunci da kirji farare ne. A hoton yana ganin ya fusata saboda hanci da ya yi da kuma "girare" girare, mai kaunar koguna masu daskarewa mara sanyi, musamman tunda sun fi tsafta. Mafarautan Dare. Akwai kusan 260 daga cikinsu a yanayi.
9. Bature na Turai, dabba mai ɗauke da fur mai ƙyalli mai ɗumi da ɗamarar launin ruwan kasa mai matukar kyau. Yana zaune kusa da jikin ruwa. Yana ciyarwa akan amphibians, kifi, beraye, kwari. Akwai kusan guda 200 da suka rage a yankin.
10. Yawon shakatawa na yamma (Kuban), galibi ana kiransa akuya ta dutse. Yawon shakatawa na rayuwa sosai a cikin tsaunuka, kimanin mita 3000. Yayin da suke can, sun raina sauran dabbobin. Duk maza da mata suna da ƙaho, kuma maza ma suna da gemu.
Idan sun firgita, sai su gudu tare kan duwatsu, da sanin cewa ga waɗansu ba shi da wahalar shiga. Suna riƙe a cikin ƙananan rukuni, wani lokacin gabaɗaya rukunin suna iyali ɗaya wanda shugaban namiji ke jagoranta. Suna da sha'awar gaske, suna ba su damar kusanci da kansu. A cikin rukunin "da ke cikin haɗari" a cewar Unionungiyar forungiyar Internationalasashen Duniya don Kula da Yanayi, har yanzu ba a saka ta cikin Littafin Ja ba.
11. Sika barewa ta kusan bacewa daga doron kasa a karnin da ya gabata. Nama mai daɗi, da tabo mai asali da ƙwararan doki matasa, waɗanda daga cikinsu suke yin ƙwayoyi - shi ya sa mutane suka kusan hallaka wannan dabbar. Yanzu lamarin ya ɗan inganta kaɗan, amma har yanzu suna cikin dukkan Littattafan Bayanai na Red, duka na Duniya da Rasha, da Kuban Kuban.
12. Weasel shine mafi karancin mai farauta, amma ba wanda yafi kwanciyar hankali. Har zuwa 20 cm tsayi, amma cikin ƙarfin hali da fushin bai ƙasa da manyan masu lalata ba. Tana farautar beraye, na iya halakar da mutane uku a rana ɗaya. A zamanin Soviet, an ba da wariyar raccoon. Ya sami tushe sosai a cikin Yankin Krasnodar.
Girman karamin kare, jiki har zuwa 60 cm a tsayi, nauyi har zuwa 8 kg. Kafafu gajeru ne, jelar doguwa ne kuma masu sanko. Muaƙƙarfan bakin bakin ciki tare da ƙushin gefen gefe. Kunnuwa suna zagaye. Duhu a kusa da idanu. Paafafun gaba kamar ƙananan hannuwa suke, suna son haɗa kai da ruwa, ko kurkura abinci ko kayan gida. Gashi mai kauri ne, azurfa. Yana zaune kusa da jikin ruwa.
Weasels sukan kai hari kaji
Wataƙila, zamu iya tsayawa akan wannan a cikin bayanin taken “Dabbobin Daji na yankin Krasnodar "... Saboda sauran dabbobin galibi ana samunsu a wasu yankuna. Koyaya, a taƙaice zamu san su. Gaskiyar ita ce, Kuban wuri ne da aka fi so ga masoyan farauta. Bayan samun lasisi, zaku iya zuwa farautar dabbobi masu zuwa:
13. Karen daji. Yanzu akwai kusan 10,000 daga cikinsu a cikin yanayin Kuban. Babban dabba mai ban tsoro, mai cikakken iko. Gashi mai tsananin tauri, zage-zage da mugunta. Abin lasisin farauta.
14. Kerketai na wannan yankin sunada girma da kerkeci. Sun fi siriri, sun yi kauri, launin gashi yana da ɗan duhu saboda launin ruwan gashi mai ruwan kasa. Sun isa su a cikin fauna na yankin.
15. Kurawa yawanci ja ne da farin nono. Kukunan Kuban ƙananan girmansu ne, ba su da tsoro, ba za su iya tsoro ba. An ba da izinin farauta mai lasisi.
16. Jaki ko kerkeci mai zinare — mai cin naman canine. A waje yana kama da ƙaramin kerkeci. Halin yana da ban tsoro da tsoro. Suna yin ƙaura sosai cikin nasara da kuma himma. Sun zauna a gabar Bahar Maliya na Caucasus na dogon lokaci. Sun yi nasarar kiwo cikin nasara a cikin yankunan reed. Lambar su a cikin Kuban wani lokacin yakan wuce iyakokin da aka halatta, sa'annan a ba da izinin harba wadannan dabbobi.
Don neman abinci, diloli na iya kutsawa zuwa gidajen mutane
17. Karnuka Raccoon sun kai girman karamin kare. Paws gajere ne. Ya yi kama da launi iri ɗaya da raƙon ratsi. Ana iya rarrabe su da halaye na ɗabi'a, a cikin rakoron jiki ya fi kusa da na biri, a cikin karnukan beran - zuwa fox ko canine.
Paws sun bambanta, raccoons suna da ƙarfi. Wutsiyar dodannin tana da zobe, karen damon ba shi da zobe. Kunnuwa sun fi guntu, bakin bakin ya fi shagul. Kuma ya san yadda ake yin yawo. Wuraren da aka fi so sune ciyawar ciyawa. Burgers galibi suna amfani da badgers ko Foxes, da wuya su tono kansu.
Wani lokaci yawan jama'a yana ƙaruwa kuma suna kai hare-hare kan ƙauyuka. Red barewa, fallow deer, roe deer, elk, hares, zomaye, squirrels, badgers da martens – wadannan dabbobin na iya zama abubuwan farautar lasisi.
Hakanan an samo shi anan:
1. Shrew daga dangin shrews, mafi yawan rukunin dabbobi masu shayarwa. Akwai nau'ikan 179. Kuna iya ganin ƙaramin shill mai ƙararrawa da fari, da kuma wajan Volnukhin.
2. Caucasian moles, kwari. A girma da launi, suna kama da na Turai, idanunsu kawai ke ɓoye a ƙarƙashin fatar fata. Girma a cikin tsawon 10-14 cm, wutsiya 3 cm, nauyin 40-95 g.
3. Ruwa da ruwa da na kowa (wani rodent daga hamsters), ferrets, mice steppe.
Jemagu
Mun zaɓi daga nau'ikan nau'ikan ne kawai waɗanda ke rubuce a cikin Littafin Ja na Yankin Krasnodar a cikin rukuni daban-daban: daga "haifar da damuwa kaɗan" zuwa "cikin haɗari."
1. Jan dare wani katon jemage ne daga dangin mai hancin santsi, yana da nauyin 20-40 g, tsawon jiki 6-8 cm, fuka-fukai 30-40 cm Launin jiki ja ne ko ruwan kasa mai haske. Kasan ya fi sauki. Speciesananan nau'in barazanar.
2. Giant Vechernitsa shine mafi girman jemage a Turai. Girman daga 8 zuwa 10 cm, fukafukan fuka-fuka 41-48 cm, nauyi har zuwa 76 g. Launi yana da kirji-ja.
3. Vananan Vechernitsa (Leisler Vechernitsa) shine mafi ƙanƙanta daga cikin Vechernitsa da aka lissafa. Girman 5-6 cm, nauyi har zuwa 20 g. Chestnut launi. Sun zauna tare da dangi.
4. Shirokoushka Bature ko bataccen hanci mai kunnuwan hanci - jemage daga jinsi Shiroushki. Ananan, duhu a launi. Gashi ya kasance daga cakulan zuwa kusan baƙi tare da kyawawan ƙyalli. Nauyin 6-15 g. Kunne tare da ƙaramin ƙira a gaba, tare da ƙaramar ƙugu a baya.
5. A asu jinsuna ne na jemage masu santsi, gami da nau'ikan kusan 100. Nauyinsu daga 25 zuwa 45 g, bakin almara ya tsawaita, kunnuwa na iya zama duka dogaye da gajere, Rigar tana da tsayi, mai kauri, daga yashi zuwa ja mai haske.
Littafin Ja na Yankin Krasnodar ya hada nau'uka da yawa: kunnuwa masu kaifi, kandami, mai tricolor, Bechstein, Natterer, Brandt, mustachioed, steppe.
6. Jemage - jemagu, masu santsi-hanci, jemagu, sun ƙunshi nau'ikan 40. Nauyin daga 3 zuwa 20 g, an rufe gajeren bakin, kunnuwan kanana ne, kunkuntun kuma fukafukai masu kaifi, launi daga launin ruwan kasa mai duhu ne zuwa yashi mai launin ja. A cikin littafin Red Book na yankin akwai jinsuna 2: dwarf jemage da kuma Bahar Rum.
7. Fuka-fukai na gama gari - ana nuna wannan jemage a tambarin "Batman". Dogayen fuka-fuki sune babban fasalin ta. Godiya garesu, zata iya kaiwa zuwa kilomita 70 / h kuma tayi tafiya mai nisa. Tsarin jirgin da aka tsareshi ya kai kilomita 285.
8. Kyandaren Kudancin Dawakin Kudu, kamar yadda sunan yake, shi ne jemage mai ɗan gajere hanci mai ƙyallen kafa. Launi na gashi yana da launin toka, baya yana da duhu, wani lokacin tare da launin ja, suna zaune a cikin kogo ko cikin ɗakuna.
9. Leathers launuka biyu kuma sun makara. Jemagu mafi yawanci galibi suna zaune a gidajen birni. Suna farautar sauro da kwari, makamin na duban dan tayi.
Tsuntsaye
Idan muka fara tunawa da tsuntsayen da muka sani, za mu kama kanmu muna tunanin cewa kusan dukkaninsu ana samun su a cikin Yankin Krasnodar. A cikin birni ne kaɗai zaka iya samun gwanaye, swans, agwagwa, geese, tattabarai, kifin kifi, kuli-kuli, masu shaye-shaye, taurari, tsuntsaye, gwarare, masu itace, jays, magpies, cormorants, jackdaws, swifts, bullfinches, nightingales.
Mujiyoyi masu dogon kunnuwa da na gajeren lokaci, na mujiya na gida, da na mujiya wadanda ke zaune a gefen gari da wuraren shakatawa. Za mu bi ƙa'idar da aka yarda da ita. Zamuyi kokarin ambaton da yawa, amma zamu bada kulawa ta musamman ga tsuntsayen littafin Ja.
1. Mujiyoyi masu kunnuwa da kunnu farauta ce ta yini, ba su taɓa zama a kan bishiyoyi ba, suna hutawa zaune a kan hummo. Ya yi kama da mujiya mai dogon kunne, amma ya fi launin rawaya kuma babu alamar kyanƙyashe akan gashin. Kunnuwa da kyar ake iya gani.
2. Mujiya, tsuntsun mujiya. Babban tsuntsu mai launin rawaya-rawaya tare da babban gashin tsuntsu a kunnuwa. Girman 62-67 cm, nauyin 2.7-3.3 kg. An halaka shi sakamakon aikin tattalin arziƙin ɗan adam. Kuma kuma a matsayin samfurin dabbobi masu cushe don masu biyan haraji.
3. Scops owl shine mujiya mai gashin tsuntsu. Ananan girma, kusan girman girman tauraruwa. Launi launin toka ne mai toka tare da siraran bakin ciki. Ya sami sunan ne saboda kukan da take "sleepy-yu-yu" wanda aka ji da daddare. A cikin birni, yakan mutu saboda haɗuwa da wayoyi ko ƙarƙashin hawa.
Hakanan ana wakiltar tsuntsayen da ke rayuwa a yankin: wasp na gama gari, goshawk, sparrowhawk, hobbyhorse da kestrel - waɗannan tsuntsayen ne waɗanda har yanzu ba a sanya su a cikin "masu haɗari" ba.
Littafin Kaba na Kuban ya ƙunshi nau'ikan masu zuwa:
1. Mikiya mai farin-wuya. Daya daga cikin manyan tsuntsayen ganima. Girman jiki har zuwa 90 cm, fikafikan - 2.2-2.3 m. Weight - 6-7 kg. Jikin yana da launin ruwan kasa kuma ƙaramar wutsiya mai kama da fari fari ce. Saboda haka sunan.
Cin kifi da yawa an yi imanin yana da lahani ga kiwon kifin.Saboda wannan, haka kuma saboda ci gaban dazuzzuka, gurɓatar jikin ruwa, ayyukan tattalin arziƙin ɗan adam, kusan mutane sun ɓace. Yanzu yana kan aikin gyarawa, lambar tana murmurewa a hankali.
2. Buzuru gama gari. Tsuntsu mai farauta Ya sami sunan ne saboda muryarta mara daɗi, wanda yayi kama da meowan da aka tsinta, kamar tana “nishi”.
3. Filin binne Mikiya. Halitta mai fuka-fukai masu farauta tare da hammata mai martaba da ido mai kyau. A waje babba, fikafikan suna da tsawo, amma wutsiyar ba haka ba. Yana ciyarwa akan wasan kai tsaye da gawar.
4. Mikiya mai tsayi kuma babbar tsuntsu ce mai ganima tare da lankwasa bakinta. Akwai ratsi rawaya a gindin bakin. Tsawon fikafikan ya kai 2 m.
5. gaggafa ta zinariya tsuntsu ne mai farauta na shaho. Kyakkyawan mafarauci, a zamanin da dabo ya koya musu farauta.
6. Peregrine Falcon - ɗayan tsuntsaye masu sauri na farauta, idan ba mafi sauri ba.
7. Gyrfalcon kyakkyawa dangin tsuntsaye mai tsananin farauta. A waje yana kama da falkin peregrine, kawai ya fi shi. Mafi sau da yawa, launuka suna da fari, ko kuma masu bambancin launin fata ne, amma akwai yankuna farare da yawa da yawa. An kira shi "farin farin"
8. Dodan mikiya dan karamin tsuntsu ne wanda yake zabar dogayen bishiyoyi masu daddawa domin zama da kuma zama a ciki. Mai auren mata daya, ya sami abokin rayuwa guda daya (KKKK).
9. Maciji shine babban mahaukacin mai farauta. Yana da fitaccen gani, yana lura da abin da yake ganima yayin gudu. Abincin da aka fi so shi ne macizai.
10. ungulu, gemu mai gemu, ungulu griffon, ungulu baƙar fata, gaggafa mai hangen nesa, sha'awa, maƙerin tarko - duk waɗannan tsuntsayen masu cin nama suna cikin littafin Red Book na Kuban.
11. Osprey tsuntsu ne mai farautar farauta, mai aiki da rana, baya hutawa zaune a ƙasa, yana zaɓar saman ruwa don sauka.
12. baramin ɗan iska - mai fuka-fukai masu fuka-fukai, rarar ɓoye. Yana da launi mai ban mamaki. Ideasan jikin mutum fari ne, saman da fukafukai iri-iri ne, hazel grouse, wuya ya yi baƙi, amma tare da kyawawan ratsi na huɗu farare masu launuka iri biyu.
13. Bustard babban tsuntsu ne mai girman turkey, ana ɗaukarsa ɗayan mafi girma da ke tashi. Launin launi shine motley a cikin sautunan launin ruwan kasa masu haske. Yana gudu da sauri, yana ɓoyewa da kyau. Suna zaune su kadai, suna haɗuwa a cikin biyu kawai a lokacin saduwa.
14. Demoiselle crane ko karami. Wannan shine mafi ƙarancin wakilin gidan marainan, tsayinsa ya kai 90 cm, nauyi har zuwa 3 kg. Babban launi mai launi yana da fari da haske launin toka. Kan da wuyansa baki ne, a bayan idanun akwai dogayen fararen fuka-fukai.
Bakin sa gajere ne kuma rawaya ne. Belladonna ba ta da wani yanki "mai sanƙo" daga baki zuwa bayan kai; an rufe shi da fuka-fuka masu ruwan toka. Yana da kyau kwarai da gaske, saboda haka sunan. Bugu da kari, yana da taushin murya mai kara. Tsuntsu mai dadin ji ta kowace hanya.
15. Loaf - tsuntsu mai fuka-fukai, dangin ibis. Dogayen kafafu. Girman jiki daga 45 zuwa 65 cm, fikafikan ya kai mita ɗaya. Nauyin kimanin 6-7 kilogiram. Baki mai tsayi, mai lanƙwasa a ƙarshen, wanda ke ba shi damar bincika ƙasan sosai a cikin ruwa mara ƙanƙanci.
Kama kifi, kwari da ƙananan amphibians. Kan, baya da ciki launuka ne masu cakulan, fikafikan baƙaƙe ne, an jefa su cikin sautin jan ƙarfe. A lokacin saduwa, launin cakulan ya zama mai haske kuma ya ɗan yi ja. A cikin hunturu, duk plumage fades. Suna zaune ne a cikin yankuna, suna ware biyu-biyu.
16. Spoonbill nau’i ne na dangin ibisu dangin fukai. Mafi kyawun halitta halitta ta yanayi. Idan ka tambaya a Intanet “Dabbobin yankin Krasnodar a cikin hoto”, Za ku ga wannan tsuntsu a cikin ɗayan hotuna na farko.
A cikin gudu, ta yi kama da farin mala'ika. Mai nuna gaskiya, kamar aikin buɗe ido, fuka-fuka masu launin dusar ƙanƙara, ƙafafun baƙi masu ƙyalƙyali da hanci mai siffa mai ban mamaki. Yana da kauri a ƙarshen, wani lokacin rawaya. A bayan kai, farin farin. A wuyan akwai kyakkyawa mai launin rawaya "abun wuya" na gashinsa. Suna zaune bibbiyu.
17. throunƙarar baƙin-ciki shine tsuntsayen ruwa na jinsin halittu. Ya bambanta a cikin launi na fuka-fuki na musamman na fuka-fukai. "Ultramodern taguwar hi-tech". Sautuna - fari, launin toka, baƙar fata mai launin shuɗi. Bangarorin da makogwaro baƙi ne, cikin ciki fari ne. Tana da gajerun kafafu, don haka ba ta yawan motsi a kasa, tana kwance a kan cikinta.
18. Caucasian baki grouse tsuntsu ne wanda ke zaune a cikin tsaunukan Caucasus a tsawan kusan mil 2200. Launin baƙar fata da shuɗi tare da ƙaramin ɗigon fari kusa da fuka-fukai, jelar da aka toka, jan gira.
19. Crested cormorant - dan kadan kamar agwagwa, tsuntsayen ruwa mai launi mai launi, mai launin kore ko shuɗi. An kawata gashin gashin da gashin fuka-fukai, wanda ya fi bayyana a cikin maza. Bakin sa baki ne mai launin rawaya a gindi. Girman ya fi 70 cm tsayi, fuka-fukan sun buɗe kusan kusan mita. Weight - kimanin kilogiram 2.
20. coraramin cormorant ya ninka sau biyu na yadda aka saba. Tana ciyar da kananan kifi, mai yawan amo yayin lokacin kiwo.
21. Dalmatian Pelican babban tsuntsu ne mai yin ƙaura, wanda aka fi sani da Baba Tsuntsu saboda yanayin gashinsa a kai da wuya. An kirkiro ra'ayi na gashin mace. Ya kasance mai kaifin baki, mara hankali a gabar teku, amma yana aiki sosai a cikin ruwa, tsawon jiki na iya zama kusan 2 m, nauyi har zuwa 13 kilogiram. Launi - fari, tare da furannin toka a baya. Tana ciyar da kifi da samarin mollusc. (KKKK)
22. Hoda mai ruwan hoda mai launin ruwan hoda mai farauta ne kawai a cikin ruwa.
23. Goose mai cin jan ciki karamin tsuntsaye ne na dangin agwagwa. Gabaɗaya, wannan nau'ikan kuzari ne, kawai a cikin girman kusa da agwagwa. Tsawon kimanin 55 cm, nauyi 1.5 kg. Maza sun fi mata girma. Jiki na sama baƙar fata ne, raɓa da fikafikansa ja ne, ƙarƙashin da kuma gefen fika fari ne. Idanu launin ruwan kasa ne masu launin ruwan duhu. Suna da hayaniya sosai, basa zaune tsaye, sau da yawa suna tashi sama. An yi la'akari da zama kyawawan tsuntsaye don kuzari, yawancin zoos suna da burin samun su a cikin tarin su.
24. Gwangwadon shaƙuwa tsuntsu ne mara nutsuwa, sau da yawa yakan yi yawo kuma ya tashi don lokacin hunturu. A kan kai akwai gashin gashin tsuntsaye masu yawa. Wadannan tsuntsayen manyan masoya ne na 'ya'yan itace masu zaki, wani lokacin sukan sha wahala daga wannan. Wani lokaci, bayan sun ɗanɗana bishiyar bishiyar cikakke, za su iya buguwa kuma su rasa daidaituwa. Idan bakayi sa'a ba, zasu iya mutuwa.
25. Siskins suna son farawa a gida, suna rera wakoki iri daban-daban kuma masu daɗi, waƙoƙinsu suna da rikitarwa, wani lokacin zaka ji maimaitawa da hanawa. Sau da yawa suna kwaikwayon wasu sautunan na waje, gami da wakar tsuntsaye.
26. Mai kaunar Goldfinch na buɗe sarari, yana zaune a gefuna, baya jin tsoron hunturu.
27. Daren dare na mawaƙa ya fi shahara, duk da cewa ba kowa ke son waƙar sa ba. Da yawa suna ɗaukarsa ɗan kaɗan. Akwai kyawawan tsuntsaye masu kyan gani waɗanda mutane da yawa ba su san su sosai: mai cin zinare mai zinare, ganima, farauta, na'urar da ke da baƙar fata da kuma greenfinch.
28. Mai cin zuma ta zinariya, a wata ma'anar mai cin kudan zuma, ana ɗaukarsa ɗayan mafi kyawun fuka-fukai tsakanin tsuntsayen Turai. Tana da nono mai launin shuɗi mai haske, fuka-fukan orange masu duhu da hular kwano a kanta, baki da gwatso a baki baki ne, fari ratsi sama da idanuwa, kuma wuya yana da haske rawaya. Sabon wasan yara, kuma babu komai. Suna zaune a manyan rassa ko kan layukan wuta a ƙananan rukuni.
29. Swoop tsuntsaye ne na dangin agwagwa, karamin talla. Babban launi na plumage farin-dusar ƙanƙara ne, tare da ƙugu a bayan kai. Black ratsi zamewa a baya, kai, wuyansa da fikafikansa.
30. Oatmeal karamin tsuntsu ne, mai girman girman gwara. Ana iya gane shi da sauƙi ta zinaren zinare mai ruwan goro a kirji da kai. Yana haifar da salon rayuwa, a cikin hunturu mai sanyi yana iya tashi kusa da mutane.
31. orkyakun fari da fari, stilt, shiloklyuvka, plover na teku, chuckle, Caucasian snowcock, kestrel, gandun daji da larks masu ƙaho, dutsin dutsen, shrike mai ruwan toka, plover na gwal, short-toed pika, avdotka, steppe and makiya, free tern, black grub kurciya, baƙar fata da baƙin ciki, sanyi, duck mai farin kai - duk waɗannan nau'ikan tsuntsaye suna cikin Littafin Kuba na Kuban.
Kamar yadda kake gani, mutumin yayi aiki tuƙuru don faɗaɗa wannan littafin. Lokaci yayi da za a dakatar da wannan aikin. Af, baƙin hankaka, rokoki, ƙuraye masu kaho har yanzu suna zaune a yankin.
Dabbobin ruwa
Nau'in dabbobi a yankin Krasnodarwaɗanda ke rayuwa a cikin ko kusa da ruwa suna fuskantar kifayen kifayen da masanan ruwa. Da farko dai, kifin kasuwanci yana cikin barazanar bacewa, musamman saboda ayyukan tattalin arzikin dan adam.
Irin waɗannan kifaye masu daraja kamar fitilar Ukrainian, sturgeon, sterlet, stellate sturgeon, croaker, ƙaya sune abubuwan da ake so don masu farauta. Saboda haka, mun shiga cikin Littafin Ja. Suna ƙarƙashin kariyar jihar.
1. Beluga kifi ne na fatauci wanda yake da ƙimar gaske. Yana farautar wasu kifaye. Beluga caviar samfuri ne mai darajar ƙimar mai gina jiki. Yana girma kusan tsawon rayuwarsa, nauyinsa ya kai kilogiram 1000 ya zuwa shekara 15, kuma tsawonsa ya kai mita 4.2. Matsakaicin nauyin kamun kifi a cikin Tekun Azov shine kilogiram 60-80. Long-hanta. Lamura na shekarun wannan kifin an rubuta su kimanin shekaru 100. An jera a cikin Littattafan Bayanai na Red bayanai na Tarayyar Rasha da KK.
2. Tulka abrauskaya, mustachioed char, Rasha dan iska - kifi mai dadin gaske, wanda kuma ya shiga cikin littafin Red Book saboda gurbatar jikin ruwa da ayyukan sanatorium. Kuma, ba shakka, saboda farauta.
3. Farin ido shine kifin kifi mai sanɗaɗaɗɗen nama tare da matse gefen kai. Kusa da warwarewa Matsakaicin matsakaici - 1.5 kg, tsawon har zuwa 45 cm, shekaru - har zuwa shekaru 7-8.
4. Shemaya Black Sea Azov - kifin kifi irin wanda aka yiwa rai-finned.
5. Carp - kifin kifi mai kama da ruwa, kusa da roach. Yana zaune a cikin tekun Black da Azov.
6. Chromogobius mai ratsi huɗu - kifi mai ƙaya har tsawon 7 cm, bashi da darajar kasuwanci.
7. Light croaker - kifin teku, an haramta shi don kamun kifi kyauta, an yarda da nama azaman abinci mai kyau.
8. Trigla rawaya ko zakarin teku ya kai tsawon 75 cm, nauyi har zuwa 6 kg. Babban kai yana da sifa uku-uku, duk yana cikin ƙyallen ƙafa da ƙafa, amma ya zama mai santsi. Ana aiwatar da kamun kifin tare da ƙananan kwalliyar ƙasa. Naman yana da dadi. Idan kuna shirin zuwa kamun kifi, muna ba ku shawara da ku kula da nau'ikan kifaye masu zuwa: kifi, chub, perch, rudd, roach, bubyr.
Amphibians (duk daga littafin Red):
1. Gicciyen Caucasian shine kwado mai matsakaici.
2. Caucasian toad, Colchis toad, ɗayan manyan amphibians, mafi girma a Rasha.
3. Asiya oraramin kwado ko Caucasian, tsayin jiki har zuwa 9 cm, launi mai canzawa, galibi saman yana launin ruwan kasa da tabo, ciki ruwan hoda ne.
4. Tritons Karelin, Asiya orarama da Lanza - waɗannan amphibians sun kusa ƙarewa.
5. Macizan Macizai da Macizai: Macijin Thracian rawaya ne nau'in nau'in maciji, ba mai dafi ba.
6. Macijin mai launin rawaya, babban macijin Caspian daga macizai, har zuwa m 2-2.5 m, ƙananan diamita - har zuwa cm 5. Launi mai kyau-raga, a cikin sautuka-launin toka mai launin rawaya tare da rawaya. Sun ce zai iya zama mai zafin rai har ma ya ruga zuwa ga mai laifin.
7. Macizan zaitun shi ne mafi ƙarancin rashi, mai yuwuwa ya ɓace.
8. Macijin Aesculapian - maciji daga macizai, samfurin dabba mai rarrafe a kan alamar likita.
9. Poloz Palasov (macijin Sarmatian) kyakkyawan maciji ne mara daɗi, mai launin ruwan kasa-mai rawaya tare da layuka masu tsayi da tsawo. Yana hawa bishiyoyi da kyau, yana jefa ɓangaren gaba na jiki daga reshe zuwa reshe. Ganima tare da zobba. Girman har zuwa 1.5 m.
10. Macijin Colchis maciji ne mai dafin zafin nama wanda ya kai tsawon mita 1.5 tare da kaurin baki mai kauri. Sikeli yana da haƙarƙari, ciki na iya zama baƙi da fari, dubawa. A gefen dorsal akwai launuka rawaya a cikin hanyar taurari.
11. Lizards (nimble Jojiyanci, matsakaici, mai ratsi, Alpine, Artvin, Shcherbaka, kadangaru masu launuka da yawa). Dukkansu suna zaune a wurare daban-daban, daga tuddai da duwatsu har zuwa filayen da ke da ruwa. Launi da girma daban, abu guda ɗaya - waɗannan dabbobi masu rarrafe suna cikin Littafin Ja na Yankin Krasnodar.
12. Vipers (Dinnik, Kaznakov, Lotieva, Orlova, steppe) - waɗannan nau'ikan macizai masu haɗari masu haɗari na iya ɓacewa daga dabbobin Kuban. Mafi fasalin fasalin bayyanuwar maciji shine raunin zigzag a bayansa da kuma shimfidar kai a wuya da aka furta.
13. Kunkuru, dausayi da Nikolsky (Bahar Rum) masu raunin amphibians ba su da girma sosai. Sun bayyana a cikin Littafin Ja a matsayin jinsuna tare da raguwar lamura koyaushe. Kuma a nan ba tare da yanayin mutum ba, gurɓatar muhalli da tarko.
Kwari
Daga dukkan nau'ikan kwari, mun zaɓi ciyawa da dalili. Muna kiran su "cicadas" idan muka ji ƙara mai ƙarfi da yamma. Suna ƙirƙirar hoto na musamman na daren kudu.
Ssididdiga daga Red Book:
1. Namiji mai kiba ko kwallaye mai dunƙule halitta ne mai ban tsoro, yafi kama da ƙwaro fiye da fara. Babban jiki mai girman 5-8 cm, maza sun fi mata girma. Canza launin baƙar fata ne tare da wuraren rawaya mai datti. Kafafuwan suna da haske. Spurs a kan gwiwoyi. Yana aiki lokacin da zafi ya lafa.
2. Steppe dybka - ɗayan manyan ciyawar ciyawar da ke zaune a yankin Tarayyar Rasha. Girman daga 4 zuwa 7 cm, launin jiki launin kore ne tare da rawaya, akwai ɗan ƙaramar launin ruwan kasa. Kan yana da goshi mai tsinkaya mai ƙarfi.
3. Kogon Caucasian ɗan fari ne mai launin ruwan kasa-mai rawaya mai ƙarancin eriya. Babu gabobin ji. Yana haifar da salon rayuwa. Ofayan ɗayan tsoffin mazaunan fauna na wurare masu zafi na Caucasus.
Ga irin wannan babbar jerin da ake kira “Dabbobin yankin Krasnodar”, Kuma ba muyi magana game da duka ba, amma kawai game da nau'ikan da ke tattare da hadari ko masu haɗari. Wannan jerin sunayen 'yan Lissafin masu firgitarwa abin ban tsoro ne kuma ya sanya ka mamakin abin da za'a yi don dakatar da ƙarancin dabbobi.
Fewan ƙarin kalmomi a cikin taken “Dabbobin Noma na Yankin Krasnodar". Ba don komai ba ake kiran wannan yanki "lu'ulu'u na Rasha" a cikin masana'antun masana'antu na masana'antu. Aƙataccen wurin kiwon dabbobi a cikin tsaunuka da kuma cikin kwari mai kwari yana ba da gudummawa wajen inganta kiwon dabbobi. Anan suke kiwon shanu da dawakai, tumaki, awaki, aladu da tsuntsaye.
Dabbobin Kuban suna ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da ake buƙata a kasuwannin tallace-tallace. Kafin zaɓar wannan ko waccan dabbar, yanke shawarar menene manufar da kake bi, lissafa fa'ida, farashi, zaɓi mai samarwa mai dogaro. Wajibi ne a gano ko dabbobi suna da rigakafin, ko asalinsu yana da kyau, ko nau'in ya yi daidai da wanda aka ayyana. Gabaɗaya, Noma kasuwanci ne mai wahala. Irin wadannan mutanen sun cancanci girmamawa ta musamman.
Idan aka taƙaita bayyani game da duniyar dabba ta yankin Krasnodar, ya rage a ce: "Ba za ku iya rungumar ɗumbin ba." Ba shi yiwuwa a fada komai da kowa. Saboda haka, muna yi wa Kuban fatan nasara da ci gaba, zaman lafiyar ƙasarmu duka ya dogara da jin daɗinta.
