Gourami (Gourami ko Trishogaster) sune kifin ruwa wanda yake na dangin osfroneme ko na gurami. Gourami labyrinth kifi sun san yadda ake amfani da iska don numfashi, wanda ake ratsawa ta wani sashin labyrinth na musamman.
Bayanin gourami
Kifin gourami kuma sanannu ne kamar trichogastra da masu jigilar zaren.... Suna cikin babban gidan dangin luciocephalin da kuma tsarin perchiformes, saboda haka suna da halaye masu kyau, kyawawa.
Bayyanar
Duk wakilan da ke cikin jinsin labyrinth na yanayin zafi na kifin ruwa daga dangin macropod ba su da girman jiki sosai. Matsakaicin tsaran baligi na iya bambanta tsakanin 5-12 cm, kuma girman babban dangi, macijin gourami, ya kai kwata na mita a cikin yanayin yanayi.
Godiya ga wani labyrinth na musamman ko kayan aiki, irin wannan kifin an daidaita shi da zama cikin ruwa mai ƙarancin matakin oxygen. Labyrinth sashin jiki yana cikin ɓangaren supragillary, wakiltar wani kumburi mai raɗaɗi tare da ƙananan faranti masu banƙyama waɗanda aka rufe tare da wadataccen hanyar jijiyoyin jini da membrane. Wannan gabar tana bayyana a cikin dukkan kifin da ya girmi sati biyu ko uku.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Akwai ra'ayi cewa kasancewar wani sashin labyrinth ya zama dole ga kifi don sauƙaƙe motsawa daga wannan tafkin zuwa wani. Ana tattara isasshen ruwa a cikin labyrinth, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga haɓakar ruwa mai ƙyau da hana su bushewa.
Rarrabawa da wuraren zama
A cikin yanayin yanayi, gourami yana zaune a kudu maso gabashin Asiya. Mashahuri tare da masu ilimin ruwa, lu'u lu'u lu'u gourami suna zaune a tsibirin Malay, Sumatra da tsibirin Borneo. Yawancin gourami na wata suna rayuwa a cikin Thailand da Kambodiya, yayin da ake samun gourami na maciji a kudancin Vietnam, Cambodia da gabashin Thailand.
Gourami mai hangen nesa yana da mafi yawan rarrabuwa, kuma ana samun sa da yawa daga Indiya zuwa yankin tsibirin Malay. Blue gourami suma suna zaune a Sumatra.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Kusan dukkan nau'ikan suna cikin rukuni mara kyau, saboda haka suna jin daɗi duka a cikin ruwa mai gudana da kuma a cikin ƙananan rafuka ko manyan koguna, kuma ana samun farin gourami da tabo a cikin yankuna masu haɗari da ruwa masu ƙyalƙyali.
Shahararrun nau'ikan gourami
Wasu shahararrun nau'ikan da ake samu a halin yanzu a cikin akwatinan ruwa sune lu'u-lu'u, marmara, shuɗi, zinariya, wata, sumbanta, zuma da tabo, da gurnani mai daushi. Koyaya, sanannen ɗan asalin Trichogaster yana wakiltar manyan nau'ikan masu zuwa:
- lu'ulu'u gourami (Trishogaster leeri) - jinsin da yake da tsayi, mai tsayi, a bayyane a bayyane jikin launukan azurfa-violet tare da kasancewar kyawawan wurare masu kama da lu'u-lu'u. Tsiri mara nauyi na bayyananniyar launi mai duhu yana gudana tare da jikin kifin. Maza sun fi mata yawa, an bambanta su da launin jiki mai haske, da kuma dorsal dorsal da finfin fin. Namiji yana da jan wuya mai haske, kuma mace - lemu, wanda ke sauƙaƙa ƙudurin jima'i sosai;
- gourami wata (Trishogaster microleris) nau'ikan yanayi ne wanda yake da tsayi, ɗan ƙaramin jiki wanda aka matse shi a gefunan, aka zana shi a cikin wani abu mai ƙayatarwa, mai launin shuɗi mai kyau. Tsawan mutanen akwatin kifaye, a matsayin doka, bai wuce cm 10-12 ba. Wannan mashahurin iri-iri ana iya kiyaye shi tare da kusan duk sauran mazaunan akwatin kifayen zaman lafiya, amma ana ba da shawarar a zaɓi maƙwabta masu girman jiki iri ɗaya;
- gourami ya hango (Trichogaster trichorterus) - nau'ikan da ke tattare da launin azurfa mai ban sha'awa tare da ɗan ɗan ƙaramin lilac kuma an rufe shi da ƙarancin launuka masu rikodin lilac-launin toka. Sidesungiyoyin kifin suna da duhu guda biyu, ɗayan yana nan a gindi, ɗayan kuma a tsakiyar jiki. Wutsiya da fika-fikai suna da kusan translucent, tare da daskararrun lemu mai haske da shuɗi mai rawaya-rawaya a kan finfin dubura.
Hakanan a cikin yanayin akwatin kifaye, ana kiyaye gourami mai ruwan kasa (Trishogasteristoralis) - wakili mafi girma na jinsi Trichogater. Duk da girman sa, gourami mai ruwan kasa bashi da ma'ana sosai kuma baya buƙatar kulawa ta musamman.
Rayuwa da tsawon rai
A karo na farko, mashigin ruwa na Moscow na ƙarni na sha tara A.S ya kawo gourami zuwa yankin ƙasarmu. Meshchersky. Duk nau'ikan gourami na diurnal ne kuma yawanci suna zama a tsakiya ko matakan ruwa na sama. Lokacin ƙirƙirar mafi kyau, yanayi mai kyau, matsakaiciyar rayuwar akwatin kifin gourami bai wuce shekaru biyar zuwa bakwai ba.
Tsayawa gourami a gida
Gourami a halin yanzu ɗayan shahararrun nau'ikan kifin akwatin kifaye ne, waɗanda ke da alaƙa da kulawa mara kyau da sauƙin kiwo. Waɗannan kifayen sune cikakke don kiyaye gida ba kawai ga ƙwararru ba, har ma ga masu masaniyar ruwa, gami da schoolan makaranta.
Bukatun akwatin kifaye
Yana da kyau a kiyaye gourami a cikin zurfin ba, amma na ruwa mai yawa, har zuwa rabin mita, tunda kayan aikin numfashi suna ɗaukar hawan kifi zuwa lokaci zuwa sama don karɓar rabo na gaba na iska. Ya kamata a rufe Aquariums ba tare da kasawa ba tare da murfin musamman wanda ya hana dabbar da ba ta dace ba tsalle daga cikin ruwan.
Gourami ya fi son ciyawar akwatin kifayen da ke da kyan gani, amma a lokaci guda, ba kifin babban adadin sarari kyauta don yin iyo. Gourami ba zai cutar da shuke-shuke ba, don haka mashigin ruwa zai iya iya kawata mazaunin kifi da kowane irin sa, har ma da ciyayi masu kyau.
Zai fi dacewa don cika ƙasa tare da na musamman, duhu... Daga cikin wasu abubuwan, yana da kyau a sanya itacen shuke-shuken yanayi da yawa a cikin akwatin kifaye, wanda ke sakin abubuwan da suke sanya ruwa yayi daidai da mazaunin asalin kifaye masu ban mamaki.
Bukatun ruwa
Ruwan da ke cikin akwatin kifaye dole ne ya zama mai tsabta, don haka kifayen suna buƙatar samar da ƙazamar ƙazanta da ɗagawa, tare da yin na yau da kullun, sauya mako-mako na sulusin jimlar jimlar duka. Ya kamata a san cewa ba a amfani da yanayin yau da kullun idan akwatin kifaye ya ƙunshi kifin labyrinth kawai. Dole ne a kiyaye tsarin zafin jiki koyaushe tsakanin 23-26 ° C.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Kamar yadda aikace-aikace ya nuna, ƙarancin lokaci da haɓakar zafin jiki a hankali zuwa 30 ° C ko raguwa zuwa 20 ° C ana jure shi ta akwatin kifin gourami ba tare da wata matsala ba.
Kifin Labyrinth, lokacin da aka tsare shi a cikin bauta da kuma a cikin yanayin yanayi, yi amfani da iska mai iska don numfashi, don haka yana da kyau a rufe murfin akwatin kifin sosai don ba da damar iska ta dumi har zuwa mafi alamun yanayin zafin jiki.
Gourami yawanci ba buƙata ga manyan sigogin ruwa kuma ana iya amfani dasu da sauri don ruwa mai laushi da taushi. Banda wannan dokar shine lu'u lu'u lu'u gourami, wanda ya bunƙasa mafi kyau tare da taurin ruwa a cikin kewayon 10 ° da ƙimar acidity na 6.1-6.8 pH.
Kula da kifin Gourami
Kulawar gargajiya na kifin akwatin kifaye ya ƙunshi aiwatar da tsari na sauƙaƙe, daidaitattun aiyuka da yawa. Gourami, ba tare da la'akari da nau'in ba, yana buƙatar canjin ruwa na mako-mako, koda kuwa an girka ingantaccen ingantaccen tsarin tace abubuwa a cikin akwatin kifaye.
Kamar yadda aikace-aikace ya nuna, ya isa sau ɗaya a mako don maye gurbin sulusi ɗaya na adadin yawan ruwa tare da sabon rabo... Hakanan, yayin aiwatar da tsabtace akwatin kifayen mako-mako, ya zama dole a tsabtace ganuwar sosai daga ci gaban algal da yawa daga ƙasa. Don wannan dalili, ana amfani da siphon na musamman musamman.
Gina jiki da abinci
Ciyar da gourami ba matsala. Kamar yadda aka tabbatar ta hanyar bita na kwararrun masanan ruwa na cikin gida, irin wadannan kifaye ba masu saurin gudu bane, saboda haka galibi suna jin dadin duk wani abincin da suka samu. Tare da wasu nau'ikan kifin na akwatin kifaye, gourami ya yi kyau sosai kuma ya bunƙasa tare da nau'ikan abinci mai gina jiki, wanda ya ƙunshi bushe da abinci mai rai, wanda ƙwayoyin jini, tubifex da daphnia suka wakilta.
A cikin muhallin halittu, kifin labyrinth yana cin ƙananan insectsan kwari da yawa, tsutsa daga cizon sauro da ciyayi iri-iri.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Cikakken masu cikakkiyar lafiya da cikakkiyar jima'i na iya samun sauƙin yi ba tare da abinci ba kusan makonni biyu.
Ciyar da kifin akwatin kifaye dole ne ya kasance mai inganci da daidaito, mai cikakken daidaituwa kuma ya bambanta. Halin halayyar gourami shine ƙaramin baki, wanda dole ne a la'akari dashi yayin ciyarwa. Baya ga bushewar abinci na musamman, dole ne a ciyar da gourami tare da daskararre ko rayuwa daɗaɗaɗɗen abinci.
Kiwon gourami
Maza na dukkan nau'ikan gourami suna da miji guda ɗaya, saboda haka ya kamata kusan mata biyu ko uku ga kowane baligi mai balaga. Ana ɗaukarsa mai kyau don kiyaye garken mutane goma sha biyu ko goma sha biyar, waɗanda lokaci zuwa lokaci ana dasa su don kiwo a cikin akwatin kifaye na ruɓaɓɓe.
A irin wannan sararin, mace zata iya haihuwar cikin natsuwa, kuma namijin yana cikin aikin yin mahaifarta. Tabbas, duk nau'ikan gourami basu da ma'ana, saboda haka suna iya hayayyafa koda kuwa a cikin akwatin kifaye na kowa, amma wannan zaɓin yana da haɗari sosai, kuma ana iya cin dabbobin yara kai tsaye bayan haihuwa.
Yakamata a dasa ƙasan akwatin kifin da ke jujjuya yanayi tare da ƙananan ciyawar ruwa da algae. A cikin ƙasa mai wucin gadi, yana da matukar kyau a sanya shinge da yawa daga kayayyakin yumɓu da abubuwa masu ban sha'awa waɗanda zasu zama kyakkyawan mafaka ga mata da yaran da aka haifa.
Ana cikin neman aure, sai namiji ya kamo mace da jikinsa ya juya ta juye... A wannan lokacin ne ake jefa ƙwai da haɗuwa mai zuwa. Mace tana yin ƙwai har dubu biyu. Shugaban dangi gourami ne na namiji, wani lokacin yakan zama mai saurin tashin hankali, amma yana kula da zuriya daidai. Bayan mace tayi kwai, za'a iya mayar da ita cikin akwatin kifaye na dindindin.
Daga lokacin da aka zubar da ciki har zuwa lokacin haifuwa da yawa, a matsayin mai mulkin, ba fiye da kwana biyu ba. Yakamata filayen keɓantaccen wucin gadi ya zama mafi dacewa da dacewa gwargwadon yiwuwar kifayen akwatin kifaye. Irin wannan akwatin kifaye na jujjuyawar ya kamata ya sami haske mai kyau, kuma tsarin zazzabi na ruwa na iya bambanta tsakanin 24-25game daC. Bayan an haifi soya, dole ne a saka gourami na namiji. Ana amfani da Ciliates don ciyar da soya, kuma ana dasa matasa a cikin akwatin kifaye na kowa bayan brood ɗin ya ɗan watanni.
Mahimmanci! Fryaramin da soya mai rauni, kwanaki ukun farko ana ciyar da mafitsara na yolk, bayan haka ana amfani da cilinates ɗin don ciyarwa na kwana biyar zuwa shida masu zuwa, da ɗan lokaci kaɗan - ƙaramin zooplankton.
Daidaitawa tare da sauran kifaye
Aquarium gourami kifi ne mai nutsuwa da nutsuwa wanda zai iya zama abokai da duk wani nau'in kifi mara cutarwa, gami da Botia, Laliusa da Thornesia. Koyaya, dole ne mutum yayi la'akari da gaskiyar cewa nau'in kifi mai saurin aiki da sauri, wanda ya haɗa da sanduna, takobi da shark balu, na iya cutar da gashin baki da ƙofar gourami.
Zai fi kyau a yi amfani da nau'in acidic da ruwa mai laushi a matsayin makwabta don gourami. A cikin akwatin kifaye na gida, samari da manya gouramis galibi ana kwana ne ba kawai tare da manyan salama ba, har ma da ƙananan kifi masu jin kunya, gami da cichlids.
Inda zan sayi gourami, farashin
Lokacin zabar da siyan akwatin kifayen gourami, kuna buƙatar mai da hankali kan dimorphism na jima'i, wanda aka bayyana a sarari cikin kowane nau'in. Namijin jinsin akwatin kifaye koyaushe yana da girma da siriri, an bambanta shi da launuka mai haske da dogayen fika-fikai.
Hanya mafi tabbatacciya don ƙayyade ainihin jima'i a cikin gourami shine kasancewar babban lada mai tsayi a cikin namiji.... Matsakaicin farashin kifin akwatin kifaye ya dogara da shekaru da raunin launi:
- zinariya zuma gourami - daga 150-180 rubles;
- lu'u-lu'u gourami - daga 110-120 rubles;
- zinariya gourami - daga 220-250 rubles;
- marmara gourami - daga 160-180 rubles;
- gourami pygmies - daga 100 rubles;
- cakulan gourami - daga 200-220 rubles.
Ana sayar da goranmi na Aquarium a cikin girma "L", "S", "M" da "XL". Lokacin zabar, kuna buƙatar kula da bayyanar kifin. Lafiyayyan dabbobin gida koyaushe suna da haske, idanu marasa girgije masu girma iri ɗaya, kuma suna tasiri ga canje-canje a cikin hasken wuta ko wasu abubuwan motsa jiki na waje.
Kifin mara lafiya yana da halin rashin son rai, yana da kumburi, mai kiba ko kuma siraran jiki. Dole gefunan ƙafafun ƙafafun su sami rauni. Idan kifin akwatin kifaye yana da launi mara kyau da halaye na al'ada, to irin wannan bayyanar sau da yawa yana nuna damuwa ko rashin lafiyar dabbar gida.
Binciken mai shi
Hawan gourami a cikin akwatin kifaye na gida yana da sauƙi. Launin irin wannan kifin mai ban mamaki yana canzawa yayin lokacin haihuwar, kuma jiki yana samun launi mai haske. Yana da ban sha'awa sosai don kallon tsarin haɓaka. Makonni kaɗan kafin ku daidaita kifin a cikin ƙasa mai wuyan wuyan wucin gadi, kuna buƙatar farawa da wadataccen abinci kuma ku wadatar da ma'aurata da ingantaccen abinci mai rai.
Namiji gourami, kamar uba mai kulawa, da kansa ya gina gida mai kumfa, wanda ya ƙunshi kumfar iska da yawu, kuma yana kiyaye shi koyaushe a cikin yanayi. Yawanci, duk tsarin haɓaka yana ɗaukar awanni uku ko huɗu kuma ana aiwatar da shi a hanyoyi da yawa. Kwararrun masu ilimin kifin ruwa suna hanzarta aiwatar da aikin haɓaka ta hanyar ƙara ruwa mai zafin jiki a zazzabin 30 zuwa akwatin kifaye.game daC, maye gurbin kashi ɗaya bisa uku na duka.
Ba za a ciyar da namiji wanda ya kasance a cikin akwatin kifaye na lokacin zuriya ba... Bayan bayyanar soya, zai zama wajibi ne a rage matakin ruwa har sai an samar da kayan aikin labyrinth cikakke a cikin kifin. A matsayinka na mai mulki, ana kirkirar kayan aikin a cikin goranmi a cikin wata daya da rabi.
Soyayyen yana cin infusoria da ƙura mai kyau. Ya dace sosai da ciyar da samarin madara mai laushi da abinci na musamman wanda ke ɗauke da cikakken nau'ikan abubuwan gina jiki, abubuwan alamomin da bitamin da suka dace da ci gaba da haɓaka. Kwararrun masanan ruwa sun fi son amfani da abinci na musamman TetraMin Bab na musamman don ciyar da soya, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga daidaituwar ƙarancin dabbobi, tare da rage haɗarin cututtuka masu tsanani.
