Bayani da fasali
Duniyar kwari tana da gefe da yawa. Kuma wakilansa ba su da tabbas sananne, amma masu ban mamaki da ban sha'awa a cikin hanyar su. Daga cikin su, wasu manyan halittu sun mamaye wani wuri mai mahimmanci daga tsari Coleoptera, wanda yafi sauƙin kira - ƙwaro.
Muhimmin aikinsu a doron ƙasa ana ƙidaya shi a cikin miliyoyin ƙarni, da nau'ikan iri-iri da yawa - a ɗaruruwan ɗari. Kuma tsakanin ba kawai mafi girma ba, har ma da halittu masu ban sha'awa na irin wannan, wanda zai iya suna ƙwaro mai karkanda, an haɗa su a cikin gidan lamellar.
Wannan halittar tana birgewa ba kawai a zahiri da kuma girmanta ba, harma da karfi, wanda, la'akari da karamin sikelin da yake dashi, ya zarta kusan dukkan halittun dake doron duniya, a ma'anar dangi, ba shakka. Haƙiƙa, kamar tururuwa, irin waɗannan ƙwayoyin suna da ikon jan abubuwa da suka fi su girma da girma.
An yiwa kawunan maza kwalliya da sifa da ban sha'awa, girma babba, mai lankwasa ta baya, kaho mai kusurwa uku, mai girman gaske a gindi da kuma tafewa zuwa karshen. Saboda shi, ƙwaro ya sami sunan su.
Namijin karkanda na namiji yana da siffa mai kama da ƙaho
Kodayake a cikin mata kusan ba a kiyaye wannan fasalin, amma kawai abubuwan da ya dace ne.
Amma ƙwaro mata na da ƙaho ne kawai.
Maza masu irin wannan ƙwaro a lokacin balaga suna iya isa girman har zuwa 47 mm, amma abokai galibi kusan rabin santimita ƙarami ne. Jikin irin waɗannan halittu, waɗanda, kamar ƙafafu, an gina su da sassa daban-daban, suna walƙiya a ƙarƙashin rana tare da ban sha'awa launin ruwan kasa-ja. A wannan yanayin, ɓangarensa na sama ya fi duhu duhu, kuma cikin ciki yana ba da launin rawaya.
A cikin kebantacciyar kyakkyawa ƙwaro mai karkanda ana iya gani ta kallo hoto... Shugaban waɗannan kwari ba shine mafi girma a girma ba, amma babban ɓangarensa yana da ƙaho, a ɓangaren gaban yana da faɗi, an rufe shi da ɗigo-ɗigo da yawa.
Ana samun alamomi iri ɗaya tare da jan jan baki a kirji. Bayan beetles yana da kyau, oblong. Eriyar eriya mai lankwasa abu ne mai kama da kulab ɗin lamel, wanda ya zama dalilai na babban sunan wakilan dangin gaba ɗaya.
Wsafafun waɗannan halittun ba su da tsayi, amma masu ƙarfi, kusan baƙaƙe a launi tare da ƙari da inuwar ja, kuma suna ƙarewa da fiɗa masu lankwasa.
Irin ƙwaro yana zaɓar dazuzzuka na rayuwa, yana fifita yankuna masu sauƙin yanayi, ana samunsu a yankuna da yawa na Eurasia, haka nan kuma ana samun sa a ƙasashen Afirka. Irin wannan kwari yana iya samun saiwa koda a yanayi mara kyau, maras kyau, amma a can ne yake zaban, a matsayin mai doka, yankuna kusa da mazaunin ɗan adam.
Kuma sai da kuɗin mutane, ƙwaro ya bazu zuwa yankin yankuna na arewa. Sau da yawa, irin waɗannan beetles suna cin karo da ido a yayin haɗakar itace, suna samun nasarar hayayyafa a cikin greenhouses da wuraren shakatawa.
Wadannan halittu sun mallaki fadadawa kasar Rasha kusan gaba daya, saidai yankuna masu tsananin tsananin sanyi da sanyi basu dace da kwayoyin halittar su ba.
Sau da yawa ana ganin Rhinoceros kusa da gidajen mutane
A wasu jihohin Turai, ana kiyaye irin waɗannan halittun. Amma game da Tarayyar Rasha, wannan nau'in kwari ba shi da mahimmanci musamman a yankin ƙasar. Koyaya, a cikin Red littafin karkanda irin ƙwaro har yanzu rubutacce ne, amma kawai a wasu yankuna na jihar mu.
Yawan wadannan kwari sun fi yawa. Koyaya, lambarta tana ta raguwa kwanan nan. Anyi amannar da dalilin cewa aikin mutane ne, da kuma canje-canjen muhalli da ba'a so a doron ƙasa.
Irin
Yana da nau'in kwaro mai nau'in polymorphic. Irin ƙwaro da aka bayyana a sama ana samunsa a yanayi kusa da mu galibi kuma a wata hanyar ana kiransa karkanda. Amma ba yadda za a iya kawai iri-iri.
Akasin haka, akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan irin waɗannan ƙwaro a yanayi. Amma ganowarsu abu ne mai wahala saboda yawan bambancin irin wadannan halittu, koda kuwa a cikin wani adadi na jama'a.
Wadannan halittu masu ban sha'awa sun banbanta da girman kaho (kahoni) da jiki, launi da girma. Amma wasu daga cikinsu sun cancanci kwatanci na musamman.
- Gwarjin Hercules mazaunin yankuna ne masu zafi na nahiyar Amurka da tsibiran da ke kusa. Girman wannan kwarin yana da ban sha'awa, ya kai 17 cm a cikin wakilan maza, amma mace karkanda irin ƙwaro wannan nau'ikan ya ninka biyu.
Sashin gaban wannan halittar, haɗe da ƙahonin da hakora, baƙi ne. Babban ƙahonin, an lulluɓe shi da jan gashi masu yawa a ciki, an sa su gaba an tanƙwara ƙasa.
Ɗayan, wanda yake ƙarƙashin farkon, ya fi ƙanƙanta kuma yana da lankwasa a cikin kishiyar shugabanci. Baya na jiki, mafi daidai wajan wannan ƙaton, yana da launin rawaya mai launin ruwan zaitun ko launin ruwan kasa, wani lokacin ma tare da tabo mai launin fata, ya danganta da ƙananan abubuwan.
Hercules irin ƙwaro
- Hakanan kwaroron karkanda na Japan yana da ƙaho biyu, babba da ƙarami, baƙi. Sun lankwasa a ciki, amma yanayin su ya sha bamban kuma suna yin bifurc a karshen, suna kama da cokula masu yatsu biyu. Elytra na irin waɗannan ƙwaro ne mafi yawa daga launin ja-shunayya.
Rasar beran Rhinoceros ta Japan tana da ƙaho a cikin nau'i biyu na kayan haɗin da aka ƙaddara a ƙarshen
- Unungiyar unicorn irin ta Arewacin Amurka ce. Duk da sunan, a zahiri yana da ƙahoni uku. Na babba yana da girma kuma yana fuskantar gaba. Kuma a ƙasa akwai ƙarin matakai madaidaiciya biyu, amma sun fi girman girma.
Elytra na irin waɗannan halittu na iya zama launin ruwan kasa-rawaya tare da aibobi, launin toka, kore.
Unicorn irin ƙwaro
- Giwa irin ƙwaro. Hakanan maza na wannan nau'in suna da girman girma. Kuma tsawonsu zai iya kaiwa cm 12. Amma ƙahoninsu sam basu da ban sha'awa. A zahiri, waɗannan ƙari ne kawai akan kai.
A cikin hoto giwar ƙwarya
Rayuwa da mazauni
Irin waɗannan ƙwaroran suna zaɓar dazuzzuka na yanke shawara don daidaitawa, waɗanda ke gefen bankunan kogi da saman makiyaya, da kuma tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire na wucin gadi. Sau da yawa waɗannan talikan suna hawa cikin rami na bishiyoyi. Sau da yawa sukan sami mafaka a cikin bawon itace da sauran wurare makamantansu, wani lokacin sukan ɓuya a ƙarƙashin ƙasa.
Hakanan ana samun irin waɗannan halittun a cikin hamadar hamada inda, kamar yadda a cikin yankuna na arewa, sukan daidaita kusa da mazaunin ɗan adam.
Duk dabbobin dawa na yini suna ciyarwa a mafaka, kuma suna aiwatar da ayyukansu masu mahimmanci da dare. Waɗannan halittun suna iya tashi, kuma suna yin shi da kyau. Kodayake wannan, a cewar masana, ya saba wa dokokin zahiri. Akwai lokuta idan irin waɗannan ƙwaroro suka yi shawagi a Tashar Ingilishi, suka shawo kan nisan da ya kai kilomita hamsin ba tare da hutu ba.
Theasar karkanda tana tashi zuwa nesa mai nisa
Ana iya lura da jirgin karkanda a cikin watanni biyar masu dumi na shekara, a wasu yankuna wannan lokacin yana ɗan ragi kaɗan. A cikin ranakun da ake jin daɗi, ƙwaro yakan tara ƙurar itace da ƙasa tare da ƙahoninsu, yana neman mafaka a cikin zurfin zurfin ɓoyayyen ɓoye da yawa na gandun daji.
Kwarin kwari, da kuma manyan tsuntsaye, irin su magpies, hankaka da sauransu, na zama barazana ga irin wadannan halittu. Hakanan, ana haifar da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta akan ƙwaro, alal misali, ƙarami, mai kama da gamasid mites.
Kuma daga cikin tsutsa daga kwatancen da aka bayyana, katon skoliya - halittar parasitic daga rukunin manyan wasps, na iya sa ƙwai. 'Ya'yanta suna cin ƙwayoyin cuta irin na ƙwaro wanda mahaifiyarsu ta hana, yayin da na biyun ba su da damar rayuwa.
Don wuraren zama, ƙwaro sun dace da bawon bishiyoyi da ƙananan ramuka a cikin bishiyoyi
Nau'ikan wadannan halittu sun yadu a fadin duniya kuma suna da matukar muhimmanci ga mutane. Koyaya, duk da wannan duka, ƙarancin nazari ne. Tatsuniyoyin mutane da yawa galibi suna ba wa irin waɗannan halittu masu ban al'ajabi da rufin asiri, a cikin tatsuniyoyi da tatsuniyoyi ana danganta su da ƙarfi da ƙarfi na ban mamaki.
Hakanan akwai mutane da yawa waɗanda suke son samun gidan karkanda irin na gida... Tabbas, wannan shine asalin wakilin masarautar kwari. Saboda haka, sha'awar kusantar shi da kuma lura da halayen sa abin fahimta ne sosai.
Koyaya, ƙwararrun ƙwaro ba sa rayuwa tsawon lokaci, kuma babban abin da ake buƙata a matakin ƙuruciyarsu shine mating, kuma don wakilan rabin mata, suna yin ƙwai. Bayan haka, wadannan halittun suna warkewa, gwargwadon yadda yanayin duniya ya kasance, zuwa wata duniyar.
saboda haka kiyayewa irin na karkanda - tsarin ba shi da daɗi da fa'ida ga kowa da kowa, kuma yana iya faranta wa manyan magoya bayan ilmin dabbobi kawai.
Gina Jiki
Waɗannan halittun na halittun suna cin abinci mafi yawa akan ruɓaɓɓen itace, suma suna iya cin taki, humus, takin. Ta hanyar sarrafa shara ta wannan hanyar, babu shakka waɗannan halittu suna da amfani ga dukkanin yanayin halittu gabaɗaya da ayyukan noman mutane musamman.
A wasu lokuta, gaskiyar ƙwayoyin ƙwaro suna haifar da matsala, suna lalata tushen wasu tsire-tsire tare da maƙwabtansu masu ƙarfi yayin aiwatar da abinci: ƙwayoyin apricot, ruwan hoda, gonakin inabi. Amma wannan bashi da halayyar jama'a. Sabili da haka, irin waɗannan kwari ba kwari bane.
Menene irin ƙwaro na karkanda?? Abu ne mai ban sha'awa cewa manya, gwargwadon ilimin kimiyya, basa cin komai kwata-kwata, amma suna cin dukiyar da suka samu a jihar ta larva. Sabili da haka, masoyan yanayi waɗanda ke neman su tsare su a gida suna bukatar sanin cewa ba sa buƙatar cin abinci kwata-kwata.
Kuma ta hanyar sanya irin waɗannan halittun a cikin akwatin kifaye, zaku iya lura da motsin su kawai, wanda ba koyaushe abin ban sha'awa bane.
Larvae wani abu ne na daban, ya zama dole a kula da abincin su. Abin mamaki ne cewa sun fi girma girma fiye da ƙwaro da kansu a lokacin balagarta - kimanin goma, a wasu lokuta ma fiye da santimita.
Kuma suna rayuwa har tsawon shekaru uku, wasu lokuta shekaru hudu. Ya kamata ku yi hankali sosai yayin canja wurin tsutsa da aka samo a cikin gandun daji zuwa gidanku. Idan aka samo wannan ganimar, alal misali, a ruɓaɓɓen kututture, zai fi kyau a yanke wani ɓangare daga ciki kuma a tafi da abin da kuke so da shi, ba tare da lalata lalatattun yadudduka ba.
Sannan sanya shi a cikin akwatin kifaye tare da ƙasa mai danshi koyaushe. Ciyar lardin karkanda na iya zama ƙananan 'ya'yan apples ko ayaba. Ana kuma ba da peat, ruɓaɓɓen itace, cellulose a matsayin abinci. Bayan wani lokaci, kimanin wata guda, wannan halittar ta rikida ta zama pupa.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai
Waɗannan takin mai takin zamani ana sanya shi a jikin kututturen bishiyun da suka lalace a kan kututture, takin da tulin taki. Bayan kammala wannan aikin, mace, bayan ta cika aikinta na ɗabi'a, ta mutu.
A cikin ruɓaɓɓen itace, bishiyoyi da suka faɗi da tsofaffin kututture, ƙwayoyin ƙwaro suna ci gaba da kyau, waɗanda ke ƙyanƙyashewa daga ƙwai wata guda bayan fara ci gaba.
Rhinoceros irin ƙwaro
A cikin takin da tulin taki, sharar itace, mai wadataccen kayan haɓakar jiki, waɗannan kwari suna hayayyafa da kyau, kuma manya-manyan ƙwayayensu masu launin rawaya tare da jiki mai lankwasa suna samun nasarar ciyar da ƙwayoyin dake kusa dasu.
A cikin matakin tsutsa, mafi tsayi a rayuwar ƙwarin, waɗannan wakilan masarautar kwari sun kai shekara huɗu. Sannan suka zama puppy kuma suka kasance a cikin wannan halin na kimanin wata guda, suna wucewa ta wani lokaci na rashin lafiya. Bayan shi, kwari baligi ya bayyana.
Etwayoyin ƙwaro sun wanzu a duniya ba za su fi watanni uku ba. Amma wannan lokacin yana da isa don nemo ma'aurata masu dacewa da shiga cikin ci gaba da wani nau'in. Wannan shine yadda wannan sake zagayowar ya zama gaskiya.
