Kamchatka kaguwa ainihin ciwon daji. Wannan shine asalin halittar jinsin. Sunan da aka ba shi saboda kamanninsa na waje da kaguwa. Sun fi guntayen kifi, suna da ƙananan ciki, ba su da jela kuma suna tafiya a kaikaice.
Cutar sankarau, a gefe guda, sanannu ne don son matsawa baya. Tunda nau'ikan Kamchatka yayi kama da kaguwa, to yana daga jinsin halittar craboids. Wasu suna rarrabe shi azaman matsakaiciyar tsaka-tsakin tsakanin nau'ikan halittu guda biyu.
Bayani da siffofin kaguwa na Kamchatka
Ana kiran nau'in nau'in sarauta. Idan babban sunan yana nuna mazaunin arthropod, to alamu na biyu a girma na kaguwa sarki... Ya kai fadin santimita 29.
Plusari sune gabobin mita 1-1.5. Saboda tsayinsu, ana kiran dabbar Kamchatka gizo-gizo gizo-gizo. Adadin nauyin dabbar ya kai kilogiram 7. Sauran fasalolin kaguwa na Kamchatka sun haɗa da:
- nau'i biyu na kafa, daya daga cikinsu ba ya ci gaba kuma ya ɓuya a cikin ramuka don tsabtace su daga tarkace da ke shiga ciki
- mara kyau a gaba, na dama ya fi girma kuma an shirya shi ne don fasa bawon ganima, na hagu kuma karami kuma ya maye gurbin cokali don cin abinci
- halayyar eriya
- launin ruwan kasa masu alamar shuɗi a gefe da launin rawaya na ciki
- bayyananniyar yanayin jima'i - mata sun fi maza ƙanƙanta sosai kuma suna da rabin siga maimakon ciki mai kusurwa uku-uku
- saman carapace an rufe shi da spines, wanda ya fi fadi nesa ba kusa ba
- kashin baya wanda aka jagoranta akan rostrum, ma'ana, yankin thoracic na karapace
- spines shida a tsakiyar ɓangaren harsashi a baya, sabanin 4 girma da suka yi kusa a cikin wani kusa na ɗangin Kamchatka, kaguwa mai shuɗi
- faranti marasa tsari wanda ke rufe ciki da hancin mahaifa
- wutsiya mai laushi, mai nuna cewa nasa mallakar kaguwa ne masu laushi, waɗanda suka hada da garken kogi
Sau ɗaya a shekara, kaguwa ta Kamchatka tana zubar da ƙwarjinsa. Kafin samuwar sabon fage, yana girma sosai. A lokacin tsufa, wasu mutane suna canza fasalinsu kowace shekara 2. Cananan kifin kifin, a gefe guda, yana narkar da sau biyu a shekara.
Ba wai kawai kwasfa ta waje take canzawa ba, har ma da bangon da ke cikin esophagus, zuciya, da ciki na dabba. Bawon kaguwa na sarki an hada shi da sinadarin chitin. An yi karatu a Cibiyar Biophysics ta Moscow tun daga 1961. Khitin masu sha'awar masana kimiyya kamar:
- Abubuwan da zasu iya ɗaukar kai don suturar tiyata.
- Rini don yadudduka.
- Addari ga takarda wanda ke inganta aikin takarda.
- Wani ɓangare na kwayoyi waɗanda ke taimakawa tare da tasirin radiation.
A cikin Vladivostok da Murmansk, ana samar da chitose (polysaccharide mai kama da cellulose) daga chitin a sikelin masana'antu. An kirkiro keɓaɓɓun masana'antu a cikin biranen.
Rayuwa da mazauni
Kamchatka mazaunin kaguwa teku. A matsayinsa na ciwon daji, arthropod na iya rayuwa a cikin koguna. Amma kadoji na gaskiya suna rayuwa ne kawai a cikin teku. A cikin sararin samaniya, ƙirar ƙirar Kamchatka zaɓi:
- yankuna masu yashi ko ƙasa mai laka
- zurfin daga 2 zuwa 270 mita
- ruwan sanyi mai matsakaiciyar gishiri
A dabi'ance, kaguwa sarki fati ce. Arthropod yana motsawa koyaushe. An gyara hanya Koyaya, a cikin 1930s, an tilasta tilasta cutar kansa canza hanyoyinta na ƙaura da ta saba.
Wani mutum ya shiga tsakani. A cikin USSR, Kamchatka kaguwa shine kayan fitarwa. A cikin ruwa na ƙasar, masunta na ƙasar Japan masu kama da juna suka kama shi. Don haka babu abokan hamayya don kamawa, an ɗauki jigilar mutane zuwa Tekun Barents:
- Yunkurin farko ya faru a cikin 1932. Joseph Sachs ya sayi kadoji masu rai goma a cikin Vladivostok. Masanin dabbobin ya so ya jagoranci dabbobin ta bakin teku, amma ya yi nasara ne kawai a cikin motar jigilar kaya. Cutar sankarar mace mafi tsaurin rai ta mutu a ƙofar Krasnoyarsk. An kama samfurin akan hoton. Kamchatka kaguwa ya ta'allaka ne akan titin jirgin ƙasa a cikin wani filin da ba a saba da shi ba.
- A cikin 1959, sun yanke shawarar isar da kaguwa ta jirgin sama, suna kashe kuɗi kan kayan aikin da ke tallafawa rayuwar cututtukan fata yayin jirgin. Ba su bar kuɗi ba, lokacin jigilar kai tsaye zuwa ziyarar Shugaban na Amurka. An soke ziyarar tasa, kamar yadda aka sauya wurin sauya kifin.
- A lokacin faduwar shekarar 1960, masanin kimiyyar dabbobi Yuri Orlov ya yi nasarar isar da kabuyoyin ga Murmansk a raye, amma ya kasa sakin su saboda jinkirin aikin hukuma. An yi maraba ne kawai a cikin 1961.
- A daidai wannan shekarar 1961, Orlov da tawagarsa sun gabatar da sabbin kadoji ga Murmansk, suna sake su cikin Tekun Barents.
King kaguwa da aka yi nasara cikin Tekun Barents. Akwai masu fafatawa kuma. Yawan mutane ya kai bakin tekun Norway. Yanzu ana fafatawa da Rasha don kaguwa da kaguwa. Hakanan yana gasa a cikin sabbin ruwa tare da:
- haddock
- fama
- kwasfa
- taguwar kifi
Kaguwa tana raba jinsunan da aka lissafa, kowanne daga cikin su na kasuwanci ne. Sabili da haka, fa'idodin sake komawa jinsin suna da dangantaka. Har ila yau, jama'ar Kanada sun yarda da wannan. An kawo kaguwa na sarki zuwa garesu a ƙarshen karnin da ya gabata.
Kamchatka nau'in kaguwa
Babu wani takamaiman aikin rarrabuwa na kaguwa. A ka'ida, an rarraba ra'ayoyin masarauta a yanayin ƙasa:
- King kaguwa claws kuma shi kansa shine mafi girma a gaɓar tekun Kanada. Faɗin harsashi na ƙananan kwalliya na gida ya kai santimita 29.
- Mutane daga Tekun Barents suna da matsakaiciyar girma. Faɗin carapace na arthropods bai wuce santimita 25 ba.
- Karkokin Sarki a cikin ruwan Tekun Okhotsk da na Japan ba su da yawa fiye da wasu, da wuya su wuce santimita 22 a faɗi.
A gefen tekun Kamchatka, Sakhalin da Tsibirin Kuril, kifin masarauta ya fi ƙanƙanci saboda hayewa da juna. Wani karamin kaguwa mai dusar ƙanƙara kuma yana zaune kusa da yawan 'yan kasuwa.
Kamera na Kamchatka a cikin daji
Jinsi suna saduwa da juna, suna bada zuriya mai amfani, suna cakuda ɗakunan jigilar jini. Abu na biyu a cikin cigaban kadoji shine zafin ruwan. Ya fi girma daga gabar Amurka. Sabili da haka, arthropods suna girma cikin sauri, suna samun ƙarin taro.
Kamchatka kaguwa mai gina jiki
Arthropod yana da komai, amma yana gane abincin tsirrai ne kawai lokacin da dabbar ta yi karanci. Kameran Kamchatka ya rigaya, kamawa:
- hydroids, watau invertebrates na ruwa
- crustaceans
- urunƙun teku
- kowane irin kifin kifin
- kananan kifi irin su gobies
Kaguwa mai sarki kuma yana farautar kifin kifi. Octopuses da otters na teku sun "ɗora idanunsu" akan kawunansu da kansu. Daga cikin nau'ikan da ke da alaƙa, ƙwayoyin cuta na Kamchatka suna jin tsoron kaguwa biyu. Koyaya, babban makiyin gwarzo labarin shine mutum. Yana jin daɗin naman dabba, wanda ba shi da ƙarancin ɗanɗano da lafiyar ƙwarya.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai
Kamarar Crayfish na Kamchatka sun balaga ta hanyar jimawa tsakanin shekara ta 8-10 a cikin yanayin maza da kuma 5-7 game da mata. Arthropods na jinsunan suna rayuwa kusan shekaru 20-23.
Tsarin kiwo na kaguwa na sarki kamar haka:
- A lokacin hunturu, cututtukan fuka-fukai suna zuwa zurfafawa, suna jiran sanyi a can.
- A lokacin bazara, kaguje kan garzaya zuwa ruwan dumi na gabar teku, kuma su shirya yin kiwo.
- Mace mai ciki ta gyara ƙwai na farko a ƙafafun ciki, kuma ta riƙe na biyun a cikin mahaifar.
- Lokacin da kadoji suka fito daga ƙwai a ƙafafun mace, sai ta motsa ƙwai na biyu zuwa gaɓoɓin.
A lokacin kiwo, kaguwa ta Kamchatka mace tana yin ƙwai kusan 300,000. Ya rayu kimanin 10%. Sauran masu cin abincin teku suna cinye sauran.
Yadda ake dafa kaguwa na Kamchatka
Kamfanetka kaguwa farashin ya shaida darajarta, abin marmari. Kilo na farantin fure a cikin Vladivostok yakai kimanin 450 rubles. A wasu yankuna phalanxes na kaguwa sarki mafi tsada.
Kilogiram na jikin kifin kifin mai daraja fiye da dubu 2. Wannan don kayan sabo ne. Kamchatka kaguwa daskarewa ya fi araha a cikin Primorye, amma ya fi tsada a cikin yankuna masu nisa.
Boiled Kamchatka kaguwa
Domin dafa kaguwa da kyau, kuna buƙatar la'akari da nuances masu zuwa:
- Live Kamchatka kaguwawanda ya mutu a lokacin dafa abinci ana ɗaukarsa mafi daɗi. Naman daskararre bashi da taushi.
- Naman kaguwa Kamchatka yana da dandano mara kyau. Kayan yaji sun katse shi. Celery, ganyen bay, gishiri, apple cider vinegar da baƙin barkono na iya jaddada dandano, amma a matsakaici.
- Yana da mahimmanci kada a narke kansar. Tare da tafasasshen lokaci, naman, kamar squid, ya zama roba. Ana lasafta lokacin girki daga nauyin kaguwa. Na farko gram 500 na kayanta na ɗaukar mintina 15. Ga kowane fam na gaba - minti 10.
- Fitar da kaguwa daga cikin kwanon rufin, sanya shi tare da bayansa, yana hana ruwan 'ya'yan ya kwarara. Dole ne ya ci gaba da narkar da naman.
Naman kaguwa na Kamchatka yana da kyau daban, a cikin salads, azaman cika kayan kaza. Hakanan samfurin yana da kyau tare da namomin kaza iri iri kuma a matsayin ƙari ga taliyar Italiya.
