Coryphane - kifidolphin ce a Girkanci. Shahararre ne a ƙasashe da yawa kuma yana da sunaye daban-daban. A Amurka ana kiranta dorado, a Turai sunan coriphen yafi yawa, a Ingila - kifin dolphin (dolphin), a Italia - lampyga. A Tailandia, ana bambanta kifi ta hanyar jima'i. Ana kiran maza dorad, mata ana kiransu mahi-mahi.
Bayani da fasali
Dorado yana cikin tsarin dawakai ne kuma shine kadai jinsin dangi. Kifi ne mai farauta tare da jiki mai tsayi, ya matse a gefe. Kan yana kwanciya, wani lokacin da yawa ta yadda daga nesa kamar kifayen ba su da kai. Finarshen ƙofar ya fara “a nape” kuma ya mamaye dukkan bayanta, yana ɓacewa zuwa jela. An sassaka jela da kyakkyawan jinjirin wata.
Hakoran suna da kaifi, conical, kanana, kuma akwai dayawa daga cikinsu. Sun kasance ba kawai a kan gumis ba, har ma a kan palate har ma a kan harshe. Kayan ado na coryphane yana da kyau ƙwarai - sikeli ƙanana ne, masu launin shuɗi ko emerald a saman, suna yin duhu sosai ga ƙafafun dorsal da caudal. Gefen ciki da ciki galibi suna da launi. Duk jiki yana haske da zinare ko azurfa.
Matsakaicin tsayin kifin ya kusan mita 1-1.5, yayin da nauyin ya kusan kilogram 30. Kodayake matsakaicin tsayi da nauyin jinsin sun fi yawa. Bugu da kari, masu haske suna da wata alama ta daban - a matsayin ka’ida, ba su da mafitsara mai iyo. Bayan duk wannan, ana ɗaukar su kifin busasshe, saboda haka wannan sashin ba shi da amfani a gare su.
Corifena babban kifi ne ƙwarai, wasu samfurin na iya wuce mita 1.5 a tsayi
Amma, duk da launi mai haske da sauran halaye, babban fasalin kifin shine kyakkyawan dandano. A cikin gidajen cin abinci masu tsada, yana da kyau a ɗauka ɗayan shahararrun jita-jita, gem na dafa abinci.
Irin
Akwai jinsuna biyu kawai a cikin jinsin halittar.
- Mafi shahara shine babba ko zinariya mai haske (Coryphaena hippurus). An kuma kira shi zinariya mackerel, kodayake a gaskiya kifayen daban ne. A tsayi, ya kai mita 2.1 kuma ya fi nauyi fiye da 40 kg.
Kyakkyawan yayi kama da sarauniyar masarautar karkashin ruwa. Gaban yana da tsayi kuma mai tsayi, haɗe shi da ƙaramin bakinsa, yana haifar da girman kai na mai shi. Babba corifena a cikin hoton koyaushe yana da mummunan girman kai na mulkin mallaka. Ya yi kama da babban kifin kifi saboda tsananin bakinsa. Kayanta ne aka ɗauka mafi kyau. Launi na teku mai zurfin zurfin shuɗi mai haske a baya, a gefunan, sautunan da ke cike sun canza kuma sun zama da farko rawaya-zinariya, sannan kuma suna da haske.
Dukan saman jiki yana da launi da ƙarfen zinare na ƙarfe, musamman wutsiya. Ana ganin specks blue da ba daidai ba a gefunan. Ciki galibi launin fari-fari ne, kodayake yana iya zama ruwan hoda, kore ko rawaya a cikin tekuna daban-daban.
A cikin kifin da aka kama, launuka suna yalwata tare da lu'u-lu'u na ɗan lokaci, sannan sannu a hankali su zama palette na azurfa da launin toka. Lokacin da kifin ke yin nodding, launinsa ya zama baƙaƙen toka. Manyan ƙasashe waɗanda ke samar da babbar hasken sune Japan da Taiwan.
- Caramar coryphane ko dorado mahi mahi (Coryphaena daidai). Matsakaicin girman shine kusan rabin mita, nauyi kusan 5-7 kilogiram ne. Amma wani lokacin yana girma har zuwa 130-140 cm, yana da nauyin kilogram 15-20. Jinsi bai bambanta sosai ba. Jikin yana da tsayi da matsawa, mai launin shuɗi-mai ƙyalli tare da ƙarfen ƙarfe.
Babu kusan launin zinare a cikin launi, maimakon, azurfa. Yana zaune a cikin teku mai budewa, amma galibi yakan shiga ruwan bakin teku. Karamin Coryphene, kamar babbar 'yar'uwa, kifi ne mai tarin yawa, kuma galibi suna kafa makarantu daban-daban. Hakanan ana ɗauke da ƙimar kifin kasuwanci mai mahimmanci, ana lura da yawancin jama'a daga bakin ƙudancin Kudancin Amurka.
Rayuwa da mazauni
Corifena yana zaune a cikin kusan dukkanin ruwaye na wurare masu zafi na tekuna, ƙaura koyaushe. Yana da wuya a same shi a kusa da gabar teku, yana fuskantar yankin ruwan buɗewa. An fi kama shi a cikin Tekun Atlantika, kusa da Cuba da Latin Amurka, a cikin Tekun Fasifik, a Tekun Indiya da ke kusa da Thailand da kuma yankin Afirka, har ma da Bahar Rum.
Kifi ne mai banƙyama wanda ke rayuwa a cikin ruwa mai zurfin zuwa zurfin mita 100. Yana yin doguwar tafiya, yana matsawa zuwa tsaunukan sanyi a lokacin dumi. Wasu lokuta manyan masu haske har ma suna iyo cikin Bahar Maliya.
Shahararrun kamfanoni waɗanda ke tsara kamun kifin wasanni don wannan kifin suna cikin Amurka ta Tsakiya, Seychelles da Tsibirin Caribbean, da kuma Bahar Maliya a Misira. Matasa kifi suna kiwon garken tumaki suna farauta. Tare da shekaru, lambar su a hankali tana raguwa.
Manya yawanci galibi masu taurin kai ne. Suna ciyar da kowane karamin kifi, amma kifaye masu kaifin baki suna ɗaukar abinci na musamman. Mafarauta suna farautar su cikin fasaha da kuma fyaucewa. Yana da matukar ban sha'awa mu kalli yadda fitattun mutane ke tsalle daga cikin ruwa bayan wadanda abin ya shafa, suna kama su a cikin jirgin. Tsallewar su a wannan lokacin sun kai 6 m.
A cikin Rasha, zaku iya haɗuwa da haske a cikin ruwan Baƙin Black
Bi abin farauta corifena dorado iya tsalle kai tsaye zuwa jirgin ruwa mai wucewa. Amma wani lokacin mai farautar yana amfani da dabaru daban-daban. Ta wata hanyar da ba za'a iya fahimta ba, yayi lissafin daidai inda kifaye "masu tsalle" zasu sauka cikin ruwa. A can yana jira ganima tare da buɗe baki. Suna kuma girmama naman squid kuma wani lokacin suna cin algae.
Ya faru cewa fitilun suna tare da kananan jiragen ruwa na dogon lokaci. Bayan haka, bangarorinsu a cikin ruwa galibi ana rufe su da bawo, wannan yana jawo ƙananan kifi. Kifaye masu farauta suna farautar su. Kuma tuni mutane, bi da bi, suka kama wani mafarauci mai wayo. "Zagayen abinci a yanayi."
Bugu da kari, a karkashin inuwar jiragen ruwa, wadannan mazauna wurare masu zafi suna da damar hutu daga hasken rana. Bugu da ƙari, dorado ba ya da baya a bayan jirgi mai motsi. Ba abin mamaki ba ne cewa su ƙwararrun masu iyo ne. Gudun fitilu zai iya kaiwa 80.5 km / h.
Ana aiwatar da kamun kifi kwaf ta hanyar tursasawa (tare da shimfida shiryayye daga jirgi mai motsi). An zaɓi abincin da suka fi so kamar koto - kifin kifi (kifi mai tashi), okoptus (naman squid) da ƙananan sardines. An shirya baits din bisa tsarin, dukkansu yakamata suyi hoto guda daya da na dabi'a ga mai cutar.
Corifena yana iyo sosai da sauri kuma yana tsalle daga ruwa
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai
Coryphans kifi ne na thermophilic kuma ana hayayyafa ne da ruwan dumi. Sun balaga a lokuta daban-daban, ya danganta da wurin. A cikin Tekun Meziko, alal misali, sun yi girma a karon farko a cikin watanni 3.5, daga bakin ƙasan Brazil da Caribbean - a wata 4, a Arewacin Atlantika - a wata 6-7.
Yara maza sun balaga a girma - tsayinsu daga 40 zuwa 91 cm, yayin da 'yan mata - daga 35 zuwa 84 cm. Amma ayyuka na musamman sun faɗi daga lokacin daga Satumba zuwa Disamba. Ana jefa ƙwai a cikin rabo. Adadin ƙwai daga dubu 240 zuwa miliyan 3 ne.
Larananan larvae, sun kai santimita ɗaya da rabi, tuni sun zama kamar kifi kuma sun yi ƙaura kusa da gabar teku. Sau da yawa, marayu suna nuna alamun hermaphrodites - ƙananan kifi ƙasa da shekara 1 duk maza ne, kuma yayin da suka girma, sun zama mata. Dorado yana rayuwa daga shekaru 4 zuwa 15, ya danganta da nau'in da mazauninsu.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa
- Dangane da sanannen ra'ayi na masu jirgin ruwa, coriphene yana yin iyo zuwa saman lokacin da teku ta yi tsawa. Sabili da haka, ana ɗaukar bayyanar sa alama ce ta hadari mai zuwa.
- Idan farkon abin da aka kama mai haske a cikin ruwa mai buɗewa, to mafi yawan lokuta sauran sukan zo kusa, zaku iya kama su baiting (kamun kifi da bait na halitta daga jirgin ruwan da ke tsaye ko motsi a hankali) kuma Fitar (sandar juyawa iri ɗaya, tare da dogaye da madaidaitan simintin gyare-gyare).
- Yin amfani da ɗabi'un 'ya'yan maruya don ɓoyewa a cikin inuwar abubuwa masu shawagi, masunta tsibirin sun fito da dabarun kamun kifi mai ban sha'awa. Ana ɗaura matsai da yawa ko mayafan plywood a haɗe a cikin wani babban zane, tare da gefunan da aka ɗaura abubuwan iyo. "Bargon" mai iyo yana tsaye akan igiya tare da kaya kuma an sake shi cikin teku. Wannan na’urar na iya shawagi a saman ruwa, ko kuma tana iya nitsewa cikin ruwa, gwargwadon ƙarfin halin yanzu. Da farko, soya ta kusanci gare shi, sannan masu farauta. Wannan fasaha ana kiranta "shawagi (yawo)" - daga matsugunin shawagi. Galibi jirgin ruwan kamun kifi ma yana shawagi kusa da shi.
- Tun zamanin da, ana ba da darajar haske da girmama shi azaman abin ci. Tsoffin Romawa sun shuka shi a cikin wuraren waha na ruwan gishiri. An yi amfani da hotonta a matsayin alama. A Malta, an kama shi a kan tsabar cent 10, kuma a Barbados, hoton dorado ya yi ado da kayan yaƙi na jihar.
Abin da aka dafa daga corifena
Naman Coryphene yana da ɗan ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano da tsari mai kyau. Yana da amfani sosai, yana da tsada ga samfurin, yana da 'yan kasusuwa kaɗan. Kari kan haka, yana da kamshi mai dadi da fari fari mai dadi.. Dorado yana jin daɗin ba kawai ta gourmets ba, har ma da masoyan abinci mai ƙoshin lafiya, saboda naman kifin ana ɗaukarsa na abinci ne, yana da ƙananan mai, amma yana da furotin, amino acid mai amfani da abubuwa masu alama. Iyakan iyaka shine ga waɗanda ke rashin lafiyan kifi da yara ƙanana waɗanda ke da haɗari ga ƙasusuwa.
Coryphene an shirya ta hanyoyi da yawa - stew, gasa, gasa, tafasa da hayaki. Misali, zaku iya yin dorado mai ƙayatarwa tare da ganye. Ko soya a cikin batter, burodi ko a wajan waya da kayan ƙanshi da kayan marmari. Miyan daga corifena tana da daɗi sosai, amma kuma zaka iya dafa miyan julienne tare da namomin kaza da squash ko zucchini.
Farashin mai haskakawa ba mai wucewa ba ne, an ɗauki hoton a cikin shago a Krasnodar
Ololuwar fasahar girke-girke na iya zama wainar da aka cika ta da fillets da zaitun. Dorado yana da kyau tare da ganye da kayan lambu da yawa, gami da dankali, da cream da kirim mai tsami, lemo har ma da hatsi. Dukan gawar da aka cushe da buckwheat ko alawar shinkafa ana toyawa a cikin tanda.
Ya zama kyakkyawa mai kyau a cikin ɓawon dankalin turawa (an rufe shi da cakuda ɗankalin turawa da cuku da man zaitun). Jafananci, alal misali, gishiri sun bushe shi. Mutanen Thai suna tafiya cikin rauni, sannan amfani da shi kusan ɗanye.
