Sharks shahararrun masu farautar ruwan teku ne. Bambance-bambancen jinsin tsofaffin kifaye an gabatar da su balo-balo a sarari: ƙananan wakilai sun kai 20 cm, kuma manya - 20 m a tsayi.
Nau'in jinsin kifin kifin kifin
Kawai sunayen shark zai dauki sama da shafi daya. A cikin rarrabuwa, akwai oda 8 na kifi, gami da nau'ikan nau'ikan 450, uku ne kawai daga cikinsu suke ciyarwa akan plankton, sauran kuma mahautan ne. Wasu iyalai sun dace da zama cikin ruwa mai kyau.
Nawa nau'ikan kifayen kifaye ya kasance a cikin yanayi a zahiri, mutum zai iya yin tsammani kawai, saboda a wasu lokuta ana samun mutane waɗanda ake zaton sun shiga cikin tarihi ba tare da bege ba.
An haɗu da sharks na jinsin halitta da nau'ikan rukuni ɗaya:
- karcharida (karcharid);
- hakori mai yawa (bovine, horned);
- polygill-mai siffa (multigill);
- lamniform;
- wobbegong-kamar;
- pylonose;
- katraniform (ƙaya);
- wakilai masu madaidaiciya.
Duk da ire-iren masu farautar, sharks sun yi kama da tsarin fasali:
- tushen kwarangwal din kifi shine guringuntsi;
- dukkan nau'ikan suna shakar iskar oxygen ta ramin gill;
- rashin mafitsara na iyo;
- kaɗan ƙamshi - ana iya jin jini da nisan kilomita da yawa.
Carcharid (karcharid) sharks
An samo shi a cikin ruwan Tekun Atlantika, Pacific, Tekun Indiya, a cikin Bahar Rum, Caribbean, Red Seas. Nau'in nau'in nau'in kifin shark... Wakilai na al'ada:
Tiger (damisa) shark
An san shi ne saboda yawanta a yankunan bakin teku na Amurka, Indiya, Japan, Ostiraliya. Sunan yana nuna launin masu farauta, kwatankwacin tsarin damisa. Striananan raƙuman da ke kan launin toka ya ci gaba har sai shark ɗin ya girma fiye da mita 2 a tsayi, sa'annan suka zama kodadde.
Matsakaicin girma har zuwa mita 5.5. Masu haɗama suna haɗiye abubuwan da ba za su ci ba. Su kansu abun kasuwanci ne - hanta, fata, ƙoshin kifi suna da daraja. Sharks suna da dawa sosai: har zuwa haihuwa 80 ana haifuwarsu a cikin zuriyar dabbobi guda.
Hammerhead shark
Yana zaune a cikin ruwan dumi na tekuna. An yi rikodin tsawon rikodin samfurin ƙato a mita 6.1. Nauyin manyan wakilai ya kai 500 kg. Shark bayyanar sabon abu, m. Fuskar dorsal tana kama da sikila. Guduma tana kusa da gaba. Kayan da aka fi so - stingrays, haskoki mai guba, kogin teku. Suna kawo zuriya duk bayan shekara biyu, jarirai 50-55. Hadari ga mutane.
Hammerhead shark
Silk (Florida) shark
Tsawon jiki shine 2.5-3.5 m.Hawan yana kusan kilogram 350. Launi ya haɗa da launuka daban-daban na launuka masu launin shuɗi-shuɗi mai ƙyalli mai ƙarfe. Sikeli kadan ne. Tun zamanin da, ragowar kifin ya firgita zurfin teku.
Hoton wani mafarauci mai haɗari yana da alaƙa da labaran hare-hare akan masu ruwa da tsaki. Suna zaune ko'ina cikin ruwa tare da ruwa mai ɗumi har zuwa 23 ° С.
Silk shark
Bakin shark
Mafi yawan nau'ikan nau'ikan launin toka-toka. Matsakaicin tsayi shine mita 4. Sauran sunaye: bijimin shark, baho-kai. Fiye da rabin mutanen da abin ya shafa ana alakanta su da wannan maharin. Yana zaune a yankunan bakin teku na Afirka, Indiya.
Abubuwan da aka kera daga jinsin bovine suna cikin yanayin yawan kwayar halitta, watau karbuwa ga ruwa mai dadi. Bayyanar wani kifin shark a bakin kogunan da ke kwarara cikin teku abu ne gama gari.
Bakin shark da haƙoransa masu kaifi
Blue shark
Mafi yawan iri-iri. Matsakaicin matsakaici har zuwa 3.8 m, nauyi a kan 200 kg. Ya samo sunan ne daga launin siririn jikinsa. Shark yana da haɗari ga mutane. Zai iya kusanto bakin teku, tafi zurfin zurfafawa. Yin ƙaura zuwa ƙetaren Tekun Atlantika
Shuɗin kifin mai neman shuɗi
Shark
Tyananan mazaunan ƙananan matsakaici. Yawancin jinsuna ana kiran su bijimai, wanda ke haifar da rikicewa tare da mutane masu haɗari masu haɗari da ake kira bijimai. 'Yan wasan suna da nau'in shark ba hatsari ga mutane.
Zebra shark
Yana zaune a cikin ruwa mara zurfin kusa da gabar Japan, China, Australia. Kunkuntar ratsin ruwan kasa akan bango yana kama da tsarin zebra. Shortaramar hancin hanci. Ba hatsari bane ga mutane.
Zebra shark
Kwalkwali kwalkwali
Wani nau'in da ba safai ake samun sa ba a gabar tekun Ostiraliya. Fatar an rufe ta da m hakora. Launi mara kyau na ɗigon duhu akan bango mai haske. Matsakaicin matsakaicin mutane ya kai mita 1. Yana ciyarwa akan ƙyamar teku da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta. Ba shi da darajar kasuwanci.
'Yan kifin' yan Mozambik
Tsawon kifin baya wuce cm 50-60. Jikin ja-ruwan-kasa an rufe shi da fararen fata. Speciesananan nau'in bincike. Yana ciyarwa akan ɓawon burodi. Yana zaune a gabar Mozambique, Somalia, Yemen.
Polygill shark
Achungiyar ta kasance ta ɗaruruwan miliyoyin shekaru. Adadin da ba a saba gani ba na zafin ciki da siffa ta musamman na haƙoran sun bambanta magabatan ƙabilar shark. Suna zaune a cikin ruwa mai zurfi.
Bakwai-gill (madaidaiciya-hanci) shark
Siriri, mai launin toka mai siririn kai. Kifin karami ne a cikin girmansa, har zuwa tsayin cm 100-120. Yana nuna hali mai saurin tashin hankali. Bayan kamawa, yana ƙoƙari ya ciji mai laifin.
Shark (corrugated) shark
Tsawon sassauƙar elongated jiki yana da kusan 1.5-2 m. Thearfin lanƙwasa kama da maciji. Launi launin toka-kasa-kasa. Membobin gill din suna yin buhunan fata kama da alkyabba. Mai haɗari mai haɗari tare da tushe daga Cretaceous. Ana kiran kifin kifin mai zaman kansa burbushin halitta saboda rashin alamun juyin halitta. Sunan na biyu ana samo shi ne don ninki masu yawa a cikin fata.
Lamnose sharks
Siffar torpedo da wutsiya mai ƙarfi suna baka damar yin iyo da sauri. Manya-manyan mutane suna da mahimmancin kasuwanci. Sharks suna da haɗari ga mutane.
Fox sharks
Wani fasali mai rarrabe na jinsunan shine mafi girman ƙwanƙolin ƙwanƙolin ƙarancin caudal. An yi amfani dashi azaman bulala don gigice ganima. Jikin silinda, tsawonsa yakai 3-4, an daidaita shi don saurin tafiya.
Wasu nau'ikan foxes din teku suna tace plankton - ba masu farauta bane. Saboda dandano, naman yana da darajar kasuwanci.
Gigantic sharks
Kattai, sama da tsayi 15, su ne na biyu bayan manyan kifayen kifayen kifi. Launi launin toka-launin ruwan kasa ne da ɗigon ruwa. Yana rayuwa a cikin tekuna masu zafi. Kada ka sanya haɗari ga mutane. Yana ciyarwa akan plankton.
Bambancin halayyar shine cewa shark ya kasance yana bude bakinshi koyaushe, yana tace cikin ruwa tan 2000 na ruwa a awa daya.
Yanyan yashi
Mazaunan zurfafawa da masu binciken gabar teku a lokaci guda. Kuna iya gane nau'ikan ta hancin sama, jujjuyawar bayyanar jikin mai girma. An samo shi a cikin raƙuman ruwa masu yawa da sanyi.
Matsakaicin tsawon kifin ya kai mita 3.7. Gabaɗaya, kifayen kifin kifi, masu aminci ga mutane, sun rikice da masu fararen fata masu launin fata da aka sani da zalunci.
Mako shark (baƙar hanci)
Rarrabe tsakanin ɗan gajeren nau'ikan nau'ikan da kuma waɗanda suka daɗe a lokacin. Baya ga Arctic, maharbin yana rayuwa a cikin dukkan sauran tekuna. Ba ya sauka ƙasa da 150 m. Matsakaicin girman mako ya kai mita 4 a tsayi tare da nauyin kilogram 450.
Duk da cewa da yawa nau'ikan kifin 'yan kifin' shark ' mai haɗari, mai launin shuɗi mai launin toka makami ne mai ƙaranci. Ara saurin gudu cikin bin garken mackerel, kololuwar tuna, wani lokaci suna tsallake ruwa.
Goblin Shark (brownie, karkanda)
Kama kifin da ba a sani ba a ƙarshen karni na 19, kusan tsawon 1, ya jagoranci masana kimiyya ganowa: shark Scapanorhynchus, wanda aka yaba da wanzuwar shekaru miliyan 100 da suka gabata, yana raye! Hancin hancin da ba a saba gani ba yana sanya shark kamar platypus. An sake gano baƙo daga abubuwan da suka gabata sau da yawa bayan kusan shekaru 100. Rareananan mazauna.
Wobbegong Shark
Abubuwan da aka keɓe na ɓangaren ɓataccen tsari ne mai sassauƙan tsari da nau'ikan nau'ikan masu cin ganyayyaki tsakanin dangi. Daban-daban na kifaye ya haɗu da launukan motley da fitowar abubuwa masu ban mamaki a jiki. Yawancin wakilai suna benthic.
Whale shark
Wani katon ban mamaki mai tsawon mita 20. Ana samun su a cikin jikin ruwa na yankuna masu zafi, subtropics. Basu yarda da ruwan sanyi ba. Kyakkyawan mai cutarwa mara cutarwa wanda ke ciyar da mollusks da kifin kifaye. Masu ruwa iri iri na iya yi masa taushi a baya.
Yana mamaki tare da alherinsa da bayyananniyar bayyanar. Eyesananan idanu a kan lallausan kai ɓoye a cikin ɓarke fata idan akwai haɗari. An shirya kananan hakora a layuka 300, adadinsu kusan guda 15,000 ne. Suna rayuwar kadaitaka, da wuya su haɗu a ƙananan ƙungiyoyi.
Carpal wobbegong
A cikin wata baƙuwar halitta, yana da wuya a gane dangi na masu farautar tekun waɗanda ke tsoratar da duk rayuwar rayuwar ruwa. Aerobatics na sake kamanni ya ƙunshi jikin mutum madaidaiciya wanda aka lulluɓe da wasu nau'ikan tsummoki.
Yana da matukar wahala a gane ƙege da idanu. Galibi ana kiran sharks baleen kuma gemu don gefen gefen kwanewar kai. Saboda bayyanar su da ban mamaki, sharks na ƙasa sau da yawa suna zama dabbobi na akwatin kifaye na jama'a.
Zebra shark (damisa)
Launin tabo yana da kama da damisa sosai, amma ba wanda zai canza sunan da aka kafa. Sau da yawa ana samun damfara a cikin ruwan teku mai dumi, a zurfin da ya kai mita 60 tare da gabar teku. Kyakkyawan kyau yakan faɗo cikin ruwan tabarau na masu ɗaukar hoto.
Alfadari shark a kan hoto yana nuna wakilin marassa kyau na ƙabilarsa. Lines masu kyau na fika-fikai da jiki, zagaye kai, tsinkayen fata a jiki, launin rawaya-launin ruwan kasa suna haifar da kyan gani. Baya nuna zalunci ga mutum.
Sawnose sharks
Wani fasali na wakilan wannan umarni yana cikin ɓarkewar ƙira akan hancin, mai kama da zarto, dogon eriya. Babban aikin gabobin shine neman abinci. A zahiri suna huɗa ƙasan ƙasa idan suka ji abin farauta.
Idan akwai matsala, suna lilo da zarto, suna yiwa makiya rauni da hakora masu kaifi. Matsakaicin tsayin mutum ya kai mita 1.5. Sharks na rayuwa a cikin ruwan teku mai dumi a gabar Afirka ta Kudu, Japan da Ostiraliya.
Hancin gajeren hanci
Tsawon girman katako ya kai kimanin kashi 23 zuwa 24% na tsawon kifin. “Saw” da aka saba gani na masu taruwa ya kai kashi ɗaya bisa uku na duka tsawon jiki. Launi launin toka-shuɗi, ciki mai haske. Sharks na cutar da wadanda ke fama da rauni ta gefen gefen zarto, domin cin su. Yana haifar da salon rayuwa shi kaɗai.
Gnome pilonos (pilonos na Afirka)
Akwai bayani game da kamun dwarf (tsayin jiki kasa da 60 cm) pilonos, amma babu wani bayanin kimiyya. Nau'in Shark ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ba su da yawa. Kamar dangi, suna rayuwa ta ƙasan kan ƙasa mai yashi.
Katran sharks
Wakilan ƙungiyar suna rayuwa kusan a ko'ina a cikin duk teku da ruwan teku. Tun zamanin da, ana ɓoye ƙaya a cikin firam na kama da katran. Akwai ƙaya a kan baya da fata waɗanda ke da sauƙin rauni.
Daga cikin katran babu haɗari ga mutane. Abun kebantaccen kifi shine cewa suna wadatar da mercury, sabili da haka, ba a ba da shawarar yin amfani da kifin kifin shark don abinci ba.
Shark nau'in Bahar Maliya sun hada da wakilan katranovy, 'yan asalin wannan mazauni.
Karkataccen Kudu
Tana zaune a zurfin mita 400. Jiki yana da tsayi, mai siffa-dunƙule. Ana nuna kai. Launi launin ruwan kasa ne mai haske. Kifin kunya ba shi da illa ga mutane. Kuna iya cutar da kan ƙaya da fata mai tauri.
Tafin mudglut
Jikin kifi mai girma tare da sifa iri iri. Yana zaune a cikin zurfin zurfi. Kadan aka karanta. Mutanen da ba a daɗe da kamawa ba daga ɗan gajeren ƙaya mai kaifin ƙaya suka haɗu a cikin masunta cikin zurfin teku.
Gwanin shark
Nau'in nau'in kifin da aka saba da shi a zurfin mita 200-600. Sunan ya bayyana ne saboda asalin sikeli na sikeli, kama da sandpaper. Sharks ba m. Matsakaicin matsakaici ya kai 26-27 cm Launi launin baƙar fata ne. Babu darajar kasuwanci saboda wahalar kamawa da ƙananan kifin.
Sharananan sharks (squatins, angel sharks)
Siffar mai kama da dabbar kama da stingray. Tsawon wakilan tsari na umarni yakai kimanin mita 2. Suna aiki da daddare, da rana suna shiga cikin rami da barci. Suna ciyar da kwayoyin benthic. 'Yan kifayen kifayen ba masu tayar da hankali ba ne, amma suna amsawa ga ayyukan tsokana na masu wanka da masu bambancin ra'ayi.
Ana kiran squatins aljanun yashi don hanyar farauta daga kwanton bauna tare da jifa ba zato ba tsammani. Abincin abincin ya tsotse cikin bakin haƙori.
Tsoffin halittu masu ɗabi'a, suna rayuwa a cikin teku tsawon shekaru miliyan 400, suna da yawa kuma sun bambanta. Namiji yana nazarin duniyar kifin kifin kamar wani littafi mai kayatarwa tare da halayen tarihi.
