Fasali na sikelin
Scalaria (daga lafazin Latin Pterophyllum - a zahiri gashin tsuntsu da ganye) babban nau'in jinsi ne na kifin mai farauta daga umarnin perchiformes da dangin cichlov. Na daga ajin kifin mai rai-finned. Kwanan nan, sikeli ya zama kifin akwatin kifaye.
Babban nau'in halitta guda uku sanannu ne silar kifi:
- Scalaria Leopold (daga Latin Pterophyllum leopoldi);
- Sikeli na gama gari (daga Latin Pterophyllum scalare);
- Scalaria altum (daga Latin Pterophyllum altum).
Jikin wadannan kifin yana da sifar diski dan madaidaiciya a tsaye. Tsawon kifin ya kai cm 15, tsayin shi ne 20-25 cm.
Dangane da dogayen kafafu masu tsayi (tsuliya da bayan fage), bayyanar wannan dangin ya ɗauki siffar jinjirin wata. Filayen wutsiya masu haske ne, masu fadi kuma suna da tsayi - santimita 5-7. Tsarin launi na sikelin ya banbanta sosai - a cikin jinsin halittar akwai sifa iri-iri, tabo, da kuma taguwar saman jiki.
Masu kiwo suna da nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan kifayen, suna da bambancin akasari a cikin launi na waje. Mafi shahararrun masoya kifin akwatin kifaye shine:
- Black silar karammiski;
- Sakalar silar;
- Sikarin zinariya;
- Koi scalar;
- Panda mai Scalar;
- Sikeli mayafi;
- Blue scalar, wani suna na gama gari scalar mala'ika;
- Marmara Scalaria;
- Damisar damisa.
Baya ga abin da ke sama, kifi da sauran siffofin launi tare da haɗuwa da alamu iri-iri ana kiɗa.
Hoton shine ma'aunin zinariya
Misali, lokacin ketarewa scalar koi suna da jajayen launuka tare da ma'auni na yau da kullun, sun fitar da irin wannan kifin mai ban sha'awa da launuka kamar ja silar ko kuma kamar yadda ake kiransa "jan shaidan". Halin halayen jima'i a cikin waɗannan kifin suna da wuyar rarrabewa kuma kusan ba a iya gani.
Rarrabe ma'aunin namiji daga mace yana da matukar wahala koda ga gogaggen mutum kuma galibi masu kiwo suna dogara ne da wasu ƙwarewar aiki, lura da kifi da tantance jima'i ta hanyar ɗabi'a. Sabili da haka, galibi yayin kiwo a lokacin da ake noman farko, nau'ikan kifayen da ake buƙata ba a dasa su da kyau ga juna ba, amma suna yin hakan a wasu lokuta masu zuwa, lokacin da jima'i da kowane mutum ya riga ya bayyana.
A hoto na silar scai
Wadannan kifin sun fara rabarwa ne a cikin daji daga Kudancin Amurka, inda suke rayuwa a cikin rafuka kamar Essequibo, Amazon, Rio Negro da Orinoco. A halin yanzu, ana ɗaukar sikarin ɗayan ɗayan jinsin kifi ne wanda ke zaune a cikin sifofi na wucin gadi - dabbobin zoo da na ruwa masu zaman kansu.
Abin da ke cikin ma'auni a cikin akwatin kifaye
Tsayawa a gida cikin akwatin kifaye ba ya buƙatar babban ƙimar cancantar masu shi da kayan aiki na musamman, ban da na'urorin da aka saba don rayuwar kifin akwatin kifaye. Zai yiwu a sayi sikeli da duk kayan aikin da ake buƙata don kiyaye su a kusan kowane shagon dabbobi.
A cikin hoton, ƙaramin siket na baƙi mai auduga
Akwai simplean cavean hanyoyi masu sauƙi lokacin kiyaye kifin sikeli. Da fari dai, akwatin kifaye kansa yakamata ya zama babba don kada ya takura shi don babban kifi - mafi ƙarancin tsawo ya zama aƙalla santimita 50-70, da kuma matsuguni aƙalla lita 60-80. Abu na biyu, don haɓaka, waɗannan kifin suna buƙatar ciyayi tare da manyan ganye, kamar ambulia, cryptocorynaus, ko valesneria.
Abu na uku, idan kuna son launukan kifin kada su dusashe, amma don su kasance masu haske da launuka, to lallai ne a hankali ku kusanci abincin kifin scalar - dole ne ya zama na ɗabi'a kuma koyaushe yana da inganci - mafi kyau duka daga amintattun furodusoshi.
Kulawa da sikeli shima ba wuya bane. Yana da mahimmanci sosai don kiyaye yanayin zafin da ake buƙata a cikin akwatin kifaye - ya zama ƙasa da ƙarancin digiri 25-27 kuma yana da daraja canza ruwan aƙalla sau ɗaya a mako. Kamar kowane nau'in kifin akwatin kifaye, yakamata ayi aeration aƙalla sau biyu a rana tsawon mintuna 20-30.
A cikin hoton taguwar sikila
Karfin ma'auni a cikin akwatin kifaye tare da sauran kifaye
A cikin akwatin kifaye ɗaya, talakawa scalars tare da scalars wasu nau'ikan da siffofin zabi. Mutane daban-daban na wannan jinsin kifin da kyar suke fada a tsakanin su kuma suna kiyaye daidaiton zaman tare. Kari akan haka, kifin sikeli, nutsuwa a cikin halayensu, a sauƙaƙe suna raba yankin da ruwa tare da duk kifin da ba ya fushi da danginsu na cichlid.
Hakanan, yana yiwuwa a ƙara musu jan takobi, aku ko kifin kifin. Amma a tare tare da sauran halittu akwai daya, amma babban ragi - sikeli yana da saukin kamuwa da cututtuka daban-daban wanda wasu kifaye ke dauke dashi cikin sauki da rashin fahimta.
Abu ne mai sauqi ka kamu da su ba zato ba tsammani kuma kusan ba zai yiwu a kara warkar da su ba. Amma wane ne ainihin bai kamata ya kasance a cikin akwati ɗaya ba tare da scalar akwatin kifaye, don haka waɗannan sune kifaye kamar guppies, kifin zinare da acars.
A cikin hoton akwai alamar zane mai launin shuɗi
Na farkon, ko ba dade ko ba jima, sikeli zai iya cin abinci, na biyun suna da saurin tashin hankali, wanda kuma hakan ba ya jin daɗin ma'aunin, kuma na uku, kodayake dangi ne a cikin dangin, suna iya lalata har ma su kashe sikelin kansu.
Abinci mai gina jiki da tsawon rayuwa
Abincin sikeli a muhallinsu ya ƙunshi larvae, ƙananan kifi da plankton. A cikin yanayin wucin gadi na akwatin kifaye, waɗannan kifin dole ne a ciyar da su da kowane abinci na asalin rayuwa, misali, abinci daga tubifex, bloodworm ko brine shrimp. Adadin abincin da aka bayar dole ne a tantance shi da kansa, lura da girman kifin na ɗan lokaci.
Yana da mahimmanci kada a rinjayi sikelin, suna jure wannan da mummunan rauni, kuma suna iya mutuwa a ƙarshe. Hakanan, yawan shayarwa na iya shafar zuriya ta gaba. A cikin akwatin ruwa scalar kiwo na faruwa ne ta dabi'a, amma idan kanaso ki hayayyafa, dolene kiyi aiki kadan.
A cikin hoton, panda scalar
Balagagge na jima'i yana faruwa a cikin waɗannan kifin a cikin watanni 10-12. Wadannan nau'ikan kifayen suna da wahalar gaske kuma ana amfani dasu don zabar wasu biyu da kansu, saboda haka ana rike kananan harbe-harbe kafin a fara haihuwa don su kansu su zama bibbiyu.
A cikin wannan nau'in kifin, ana lura da wasannin mating na musamman kuma a wannan lokacin sun zama masu saurin tashin hankali fiye da yadda suka saba. Bayan hadi scalar caviar suna kwance a gefen ciki na manyan filaye na shuke-shuke - a cikin ɓarna ɗaya, mace tana kawo ƙwai 300-500.
A cikin kwana uku, ƙwai suka haɓaka kuma su canza zuwa larvae, sannan kuma su soya. A wannan lokacin, sa hannun mutum abin so ne sosai. Wajibi ne a sake tsugunnar da mace kuma a soya a cikin wani akwati dabam, saboda sauran manya na iya cin duk zuriya ta gaba.
A cikin hoto, silar caviar
Mace da kanta za ta kula da soya, kuma a nan ba a bukatar taimako na musamman na mutum. Soya fararen silar launuka, kusan bayyane kuma kawai tare da lokaci da haɓaka ana fentin cikin launuka na ɗabi'a. Kifin wannan nau'in yana da dogon rai; idan an kiyaye shi da kyau a cikin akwatin ruwa, zasu rayu har zuwa shekaru 8-10.
