Kifi irin kifi - kayan marmari na sarakunan China
Carp sananne ne ga masu sha'awar kamun kifi - kyauta ce mai ban sha'awa don farauta akan ruwa. Hakanan gourmets suna jin daɗin mazaunin tafkin saboda abubuwan ƙoshin abinci da dandano. Game da shi kuma za a tattauna a gaba.
Ko shekaru 2500 da suka gabata a China, sannan a Japan, sun koyi yadda ake kiwon wannan kifin mai 'ya'ya, ba don komai ba ne fassarar sunan ke nufin "' ya'yan itace". Shekaru ɗarurruwa, mutane suna kamun kifin don su yi kamala da wannan kifin.
Fasali da mazauninsu
Kifi kifi kifi kuma, a lokaci guda, mazaunin tabkuna da tafkuna. Kakansa shi ne kifin kifi. Amma zuriyar ta zarce magabaci ta fuskoki da dama: kuzari, juriya, haihuwa. Ana iya ɗaukar kifin ruwa mai kyau kamar kifi mai kyau don babban ma'auninsu da jan wutsiya.
Launin baya na kifin kifi na yau da kullun yana da duhu mai duhu, ciki ya fi haske. Fins suna launin toka. Noman kifi na zamani yana ba ku damar fadada tsarin launi na wakilin gargajiya kuma ku sami kyakkyawan sakamako na gaske.
Tsarin jiki ya banbanta a nau'ikan halittu: siffofin humpbacked suna tattare da ɗakunan kandami, kwatankwacin crucians, mai yawa da gajere. Dogayen jikinsu suna da halayen mazaunan kogin. Dukkanin katun an rarrabe su da eriya huɗu a gefunan leɓun rawaya, gajere da kauri.
Girman duk dangi yana da ban sha'awa: yara masu shekaru kusan 20 cm tsayi, kuma manya zasu iya girma zuwa 1 m har ma da ƙari kaɗan. Matsakaicin nauyin katifan kifayen ya wuce kilogiram 37. Rikodi ne na duniya da aka saita a Romania a cikin 1997. Kwafin yau da kullun waɗanda ke zuwa sassan tallace-tallace suna da nauyin kilo 1 zuwa 8.
Sinawa na zamanin d koya koyon kiɗa irin kifi kuma sun sa shi shahara a yankin Asiya. A hankali ya cinye Turai, kuma a karni na 19 ya isa Amurka. Haihuwa da kuzarin kifi sun taimaka wajen yaduwarta.
Babban jinsin irin kifin ya banbanta da launin sikeli da kasancewar murfin sikeli sosai. Zaɓuɓɓukan zaɓi na zamani sun ba da damar ƙirƙirar fiye da ƙananan kayan ado 80. Don haka, a cikin babban iyali, mutum na iya rarrabewa:
— zinariya irin kifi, tare da sikeli masu girma da manya-manya. Jiki yana da girma, tsawaitacce, tare da babban baya, ɗauke da takaddun "fayiloli" a ƙofar fuka;
Hoton katifa ce ta zinare
— madubi kifi, ko sarauta. Ana iya sauƙaƙan saninsa ta ƙananan ma'aunansa waɗanda ke kusa da layin tsakiyar jiki kuma wani lokacin a warwatse a cikin ƙananan tsibirai akan sauran jikin. A layin gefe akwai ramuka tare da ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi, godiya ga abin da kifin ke koyo game da mazaunin. Akwai karancin haskoki a kan fika fiye da na dangi, kuma wannan nau'in na iya samun babban nauyi idan aka gwada shi da wasu;
A cikin hoton katifan madubi ne
— tsirara irin kifi (fata na fata), ana kirkirar shi ta wucin gadi. Yana da halayyar koren kore;
A hoto tsirara (leathery) irin kifi
— koi, Kalmomin ado. Anyi su tun daga karni na 14 a Japan kuma sun banbanta da farko a launuka ja, baki da rawaya, daga baya an sami nau'ikan launuka marasa ban mamaki da ban mamaki: farar katun, taguwar, tare da alamu a baya da wasu nau'ikan. Ana kimanta kiwo koi ba kawai ta wurin wuri da fasalin ɗigon haske ba, har ma da ingancin fata, tsarin jiki, kai, da yadda suke.
Hoton yana da kyan kyan ado
Kifin dangi irin kifi na cikin mazaunan da ba su da wayewa, suna iya yin ma'amala ko da a cikin gurbatattun ruwa. Yana son tsayayyen, shuru ko matsakaiciyar ruwa, don haka yana rayuwa a cikin ƙananan koguna, tabkuna da tafkuna. Mahimmanci yana bayyana kanta lokacin da yanayi ya canza.
Ya fi son dumi, amma ana girbe irin kifin kifi koda cikin ruwan sanyi na Siberia. An yi rikodin cewa an tilasta masa ya kasance cikin ruwan gishiri bayan fashewar madatsar ruwan, wanda ya toshe hanyar zuwa teku.
Asali irin kifi na zaune a tsakiyar layin kuma a kudancin Rasha, Jamus, Faransa, Czech Republic, Australia, Amurka. Wuraren kifi da aka fi so a cikin tafki tare da ƙasa mai yumbu, an rufe shi da ƙaramin laka mai laka. Karkatattun ruwan karkashin ruwa, da kauri da kuma ciyawa su ne gidajen katun da kayan abinci a lokaci guda a yankin 300 m.
Bayan sare dazuzzuka, lokacin da yankuna suka cika ambaliyar ruwa, sai duwatsu masu lalacewa da rassa da itace suke kafawa. Dole ne a bincika irin waɗannan wuraren kifi don zama. Sun kasance galibi a zurfin har zuwa mita 5. Akwai fifiko ga katifun madubi, waɗanda ba sa nitsewa zuwa zurfin, tsaya cikin ruwa mara ƙanƙanci kuma suna buƙatar raƙuman ruwa.
Hali da salon rayuwa
Kifi irin kifi Jinsi ne mai ban sha'awa. Individualsananan mutane suna tare tare cikin adadi mai yawa, kuma babba na iya rayuwa baya, cikin kaɗaici da shiru, amma kusa da danginsu. Yanayin sanyi mai zuwa ne kawai ke tunzura su don haɗuwa don nemo wurin damuna mai dacewa. Sun zauna don jiran lokacin hunturu a cikin yanayin bacci mai zurfin zuwa 10 m, a cikin ramin ƙasa.
Idan babu dacewar ɓacin rai, to sai a ɗauki kifin zuwa wuraren da suka fi matsewa. Babban lokacin laka yana kiyaye su. Farkawa tana farawa da isowar bazara da kuma ɗumi-dumi a hankali na ruwa. Lokacin farawa na yau da kullun don aiki shine ƙarshen Maris - farkon Afrilu.
Kifi masu jin yunwa sun fara neman abinci kuma sun bar sansanonin hunturu, suna hawa zuwa zurfin zurfin mita 4-6. Kifi irin kifi yana zaune, ba sa yin dogon motsi ko ƙaura. Yaran da ke kan tabkuna suna kula da garken tumaki a cikin ciyawar dawa da sauran ciyayi masu dausayi, yayin da manyan mutane suka yi nisa, suka fita daga mafaka kawai don ciyarwa.
Bude wurare masu hasken rana ba garesu bane, yanayin yankakken maraice yana da duhu. Ba sa tafiya cikin babban garken tumbi, amma a jere, suna haɗuwa da mutane na shekaru daban-daban, kamar a cikin ainihin iyali. Suna yin zaman lafiya, ba tare da zalunci ba. Bayyananniyar bayyanar irin kifin shine halayyar sa ta tsallake saman ruwa.
Masunta galibi suna lura da wannan abin da sanyin safiya ko kuma da yamma. Tsalle yana da tsayi sosai, mai kaifi, mai daɗi lokacin da yake kwance akan ruwa. Tasirin irin wannan tashiwar da kuma iskar da aka kirkira akan faduwa tana bayyane cewa tunanin abin da ya gani ya kasance na dogon lokaci.
Masana sunyi imanin cewa wannan alama ce ta garken da ke motsawa zuwa ciyarwa, kuma yin tsalle sau da yawa alama ce ta mummunan yanayi. Masunta sun lura da kasancewar ƙarfi, taka tsantsan da kuma wata hikima a cikin kifin kifi. Yin kamun kifi don irin wannan mazaunin ruwa yana da ban sha'awa da rashin kulawa, yana buƙatar juriya da dabara.
Yanayi ya baiwa ruwa mai kifi ƙwaƙwalwar kifi don ƙanshi da dandanon abinci. Idan kun kama kifi da ruwa, sannan kuma kuka sake shi, to ba zai dawo ga irin wannan cizon ba, saboda sanin haɗarin sa.
Kyakkyawan ƙamshin ƙanshi da masu karɓar rashi suna aiki don carps su ji ƙanshin ƙarancin mituna da yawa, kuma gano dandano yana ba ku damar tace abinci, tura abubuwan ƙarancin abinci mara amfani ta cikin kwazazzabon. An dauke shi mai kowa da kowa, amma ƙwarewar zaɓi a cikin zaɓi ya sa shi kusan mai ƙyalli.
Wani muhimmin fasalin kifin shine ikon ganin 360 ° da rarrabe launuka. Zai iya motsawa cikin duhu, bin diddigin haɗarin, saboda yana ganin komai zuwa wutsiyarsa. Abin da ke da hankali da ƙarfi irin kifi irin kifi, masanan sun sani sarai, tunda ba shi da sauƙi a fitar da babban samfurin.
Abinci
Don gaskiyar me kifi yake ci kowane abu da yawa, ana ɗaukarsa mai yawan son-ci da komowa. Abincin ya hada da abincin dabbobi ta hanyar kananan kifi, kwai, kwadi, tsutsotsi, katantanwa, kwari, kowane irin tsutsa, molluscs.
Cannibalism ma yana tattare da su, ba sa rena wainar su. Kyakkyawan ƙamshi yana taimaka muku samun abincinku. Don rashin ingancinsu da saurin girma, ana kiran carps aladun ruwa.
Abincin dabbobi ya fi yawa a farkon lokacin bazara da kaka, kuma a lokacin bazara, lokacin da ciyayi masu daɗi suka bayyana, abincin ganyayyaki ya fi yawa: ciyawar matasa, bishiyoyi da ganyen tsire-tsire a ƙarƙashin ruwa. A cikin daskararrun sandar kara zaka iya jin halayyar kama kifi. Harbe-harbe ana saurin cizon sa da haƙoran pharyngeal na irin kifi, yana kulawa don murƙushe ƙusoshin wuya na kifin kifi da katantanwa.
Idan lokacin kifi yayi irin kifi na cin abinci gamsai a kan tushe na shuke-shuke, a watering ramukan dabbobi da aka ciyar da taki. A cikin gonakin kifi, an shirya abinci na musamman don ƙara nauyin kifin da sauri.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai
Tare da ambaliyar bazara, kifin ya bar matsugunansu na hunturu ya koma wuraren da ruwa ya mamaye. Ayyukan mazauna suna farawa lokacin da ruwan ya ɗumi har zuwa 10° C. Bayan kamar wata ɗaya, kifayen suna taruwa a wuraren da ake ba da ruwa a tsakanin manyan bishiyoyin.
Hoton ɗan ƙaramin matashi ne
Zafin ruwan ya zama kusan 18 - 28° C, kuma zurfin bai fi mita 2. Wani lokaci kifayen suna taruwa a kusa da gabar bakin ruwa, a cikin ruwa mara zurfi. Ana kwan ƙwai a kan ganyayen tsire-tsire ko kan filamentous algae. Spawning yana faruwa da dare.
A tafkunan ne m har safe. An sake amfani da kowane filin kiwo. Bugawar Caviar tana ɗaukar kwanaki 3-4. Balaga irin ta jima'I na irin kifin yana faruwa ne daga shekaru 3-5, gwargwadon girman kifin, wanda ya kai cm 29-35. Mata sun fi maza girma. Ba duka soya ke rayuwa ba, ba duka ke isa balaga ba.
Amma irin kifin da ya shawo kan iyakokin girma yana rayuwa na dogon lokaci, idan gogaggen masunci bai fidda shi ba. Kifi kifi - tsohuwar sana'ar mutum. An yi imanin cewa matsakaicin tsaran rayuwa ya kai shekaru 30. Amma ƙattawan da aka kama sun fi shekara 100 da haihuwa. Masana kimiyya sunyi imanin cewa wannan mai yiwuwa ne kuma wannan ba iyakancewar shekaru bane.
Yadda za a dafa irin kifi
Carp shine kifi mai dadi mai wadataccen abubuwa. Masana ilimin gina jiki sun ba da shawarar cin nama a kai a kai saboda ƙarancin abubuwan kalori da wadataccen bitamin. Daga cikin sauran kifaye farashin kifi samuwa ga mabukaci.
Chewararrun masu dafa abinci sun ba da shawarar shirya jita-jita daga sayayyen kifi mai rai. Carp yana da ɗanɗano na musamman wanda zai iya ƙaruwa da rashin daɗi yayin adanawa. Mafi sau da yawa ana shirya don sarrafa irin kifi:
- gasa a cikin tanda. Don wannan, gawa ana gishiri ana shafawa da kayan ƙanshi. Sa'an nan kuma sanya shi a cikin sanyi don pickling. Bayan awa daya, sai a baza a kan fure, a yanka naman a baya sannan a sa lemon tsami. A cikin gawar, wurin yana cike da yankakken albasa. Zuba kirim mai tsami kuma sanya a kan takardar yin burodi a cikin tanda. A cikin rabin sa'a, kifi ya shirya.
- soyayyen a cikin kwanon rufi Yankakken yankakken ana saka shi a cikin madara mai gishiri na tsawan minti 10. Daga nan sai su kwashe, a shafa musu kayan kamshi a yi garin gari. An soya kifin a cikin man sunflower tare da ƙari na man shanu don samun ɓawon burodi na musamman. Duk wanda ya san yadda ake dafa kifin kifi koyaushe zai farantawa baƙi rai da lafiyayyen abinci mai gina jiki.
