Fasali da mazauninsu
Akwai kwari a cikin duniya wanda kowa ya sani. Kuma waɗannan sun haɗa da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta - sauro mai ban haushi da ke tashi ko'ina a lokacin rani: a yanayi da cikin birane, musamman haɗuwa kusa da magudanan ruwa, wanda kowa ya san shi ta hanyar haushi da haushi.
Sauro kwari na daga nau'ikan cututtukan arthropods, dangin kwari na Diptera. Tsawon siranta siriri ya fara daga 8 zuwa 130 mm. Launi na iya zama launin toka, launin ruwan kasa da rawaya. Akwai kore da baki iri. Kamar yadda aka gani sauro a hoto, ciki yana da tsayi, kirjin ya fi fadi, akwai fika biyu a karshen kafafu. Yana da nau'i biyu na sikeli, fuka-fukai masu haske.
Amma don tashi, sauro yana amfani da na gaba ne kawai, yayin da fikafikan na baya kuwa halteres ne, wanda ke taimakawa wajen daidaita daidaito a cikin iska da kuma haifar da kyakkyawan yanayin wannan kwaron. Sauro yana da dogon eriya da proboscis, gabobin bakin na musamman: lebe masu kama da harka da siraran siraran sirara, da kuma muƙamuƙai biyu, waɗanda ba su ci gaba a cikin maza ba.
Akwai sauro iri-iri. An rarraba su ko'ina cikin duniya kuma suna zaune a duk cibiyoyin duniya, suna kutsawa kuma suna da tushe har ma a yankunan da basu da amfani sosai, banda Antarctica. Sauro gama gari ya shahara musamman, wanda ake iya gani a duk wuraren da mutane suke.
Sauro na iya rayuwa koda a cikin Arctic, amma suna aiki a wurin kawai don weeksan makonni a shekara, kuma a wannan lokacin suna kiwo kuma suna ninka zuwa lambobi masu ban mamaki. A Spain da kasashe makwabta, ana kiran irin wadannan kwayoyin cutar "sauro". Fassara, wannan kalmar tana nufin: karamin tashi. A cikin waɗannan sassan, kwari suna da matukar damuwa kuma suna ɓata wa mutane rai.
Sau da yawa mutum yakan ƙi shi kwari, kamar sauro... Waɗannan halittun suna da ban tsoro da gaske wani lokacin, suna da doguwar jiki, wanda a wasu yanayi na iya kaiwa santimita shida, kirji mai ban tsoro da manyan ƙafafu.
Har ila yau, tsoron ya kara tsananta kasancewar mutane da yawa na yi musu kuskuren sauro. Amma yana iya zama kawai sauro mai doguwar kafa. Kwaron kwata-kwata bashi da wata illa, baya sha'awar jinin mutane, amma yana cin abincin nectar.
A cikin hoton, sauro mai yawan jika
Hali da salon rayuwa
Sauro ya banbanta da tsananin juriyarsa da kuma yawan motsi, kasancewar yana iya yin tafiyar kilomita daya ba tare da ya sauka ba. Amma wannan ba safai ake buƙata ba, kawai a waɗancan lokuta lokacin da kwaron ya koma wani matsuguni ko ya shawo kan tsawon tafki.
Wannan yafi mahimmanci ga sauro mata waɗanda ke neman hanyar shan jini don barin zuriya. Maza, a gefe guda, suna iya rayuwarsu gaba ɗaya a kan lawn mai cike da ciyawa da furanni, ba sa buƙatar suna don tashi zuwa wani wuri.
Mutanen da aka haifa a ƙarshen bazara, idan suka yi sa'a suka rayu, sai su shiga cikin ɓacin rai, yayin da suke cikin halin suma. Don wannan, an zaɓi wuraren da suka dace: ɗakunan ajiya, ginshiƙai, wuraren shanun dabbobi. Suna farka lokacin da suka ji dumi.
Ko da kun kawo sauro cikin dakin da dumama dumu dumu, koda a lokacin sanyi, zai iya rayuwa ya fara rayuwarsa. Amma a cikin ƙasashe masu yanayin zafi, zafi da dumi, sauro suna aiki cikin shekara.
A wasu lokuta cizon sauro na iya ma zama da barazanar rai, domin galibi suna dauke da cutuka daban-daban, kamar zazzabin cizon sauro da zazzabin shawara. Kuma idan ba a yi allurar rigakafin a kan lokaci ba, cutar na iya mutuwa.
Koyaya, a wannan zamani namu, al'amuran maleriya ba kasafai suke faruwa ba. Sauro na iya lalata kowane hutun bazara na waje. Abu ne mai wahala ka iya bayanin yadda wadannan kwari masu ban haushi suke hana ka bacci da daddare. Ana gudanar da sauro ta hanyoyi da dama.
Fesa sauro na iya taimaka maka a waje
Abun takaici, ba dukkansu bane suka cimma nasarar da ake nema. Koyaya, akwai kuma masu tasiri maganin sauro... Waɗannan na iya zama aerosols, faranti, fesawa, mayukan shafawa, karkace da mundaye. Hakanan an kera na'urori na musamman don tsoratar da masu cutar. Suna fitar da sautukan da basu da dabara wadanda suke kwaikwayon kururuwa irin ta maza a lokacin hadari, wanda yake sa mata saurin tashi. Wannan mai sauro ne mai lantarki.
Cizon sauro sau da yawa yakan haifar da fushin mara daɗi a jikin mutum, wanda, a zahiri, rashin lafiyan abu ne don gubar da ke ƙarƙashin fata. A zamanin yau, masana harhaɗa magunguna sun haɓaka ingantattun magunguna don cizon sauro da cizon kwari. Man shafawa yana taimakawa wajen yaƙar alamun bayyanar wanda galibi yakan bayyana koda a yanayin faruwar cutar, kumburi da kumburi.
Abinci
Sauro – kwari masu shan jini... Amma sauro ne kawai ke shan jinin dabbobi da na mutane. Kuma su ne ke kai hari da cusa mutane masu ɗumi-ɗumi. Maza, a gefe guda, halittu ne marasa lahani, kuma kusan mutane basa iya ganin aikin su mai mahimmanci.
Kuma suna cin abincin nectar, suna shayar dashi ta hanyar amfani dasu, wanda, sabanin yadda mata suke, ba shi da kayan aikin huda da zai huda nama. Suna nesantar mutane kuma ba sa sha'awar jikinsu kwata-kwata. Kowa ya san haka sauro – cutarwa kwari... Kuma ba wai kawai saboda yana yada kamuwa da cutar ba.
Rukunin sauro suna iya shan kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku na lita na jini kowace rana daga jikin dabbobi masu ɗumi-ɗumi. Babban wanda sauro ke fama dashi shine mutane. Amma kwari da kansu da kwayayensu abun dadi ne ga halittu da yawa. Daga cikinsu akwai mazari, kwadi da toads, wasu nau'ikan ƙwaro, gizo-gizo, hawainiya da ƙadangare, da salamanders da sababbi.
Waɗannan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin suna cin abinci a kan kifi da nau'o'in tsuntsaye masu yawa, saboda haka suna ba da gudummawa lalata kwari. Komarov, godiya ga irin waɗannan dalilai na halitta, hakika yana zama ƙarami sosai.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai
An bayyana kwadayin sauro na mata don jinin jini mai ɗumi ta hanyar ɗabi'a ta ɗabi'a, sanadiyyar buƙatar ƙwai. A wannan lokacin, lokacin da sauro ke kulawa da shan jini, sai ta aiwatar da ayyukanta ta hanyar yanayi.
Kuma yana yin shi kusa da ruwa: kusa da kududdufai, koguna marasa nutsuwa, ganga da kwantena daban-daban tare da ruwan sama da ruwa da aka shirya don bukatun gida. Don sa ƙwai, wanda yawansu ya kai 150, tana buƙatar danshi. Mahaifiyar sauro tana yin wannan aikin kusan sau ɗaya a kowane kwana 2-3, don haka ta samarwa kanta yawan zuriya.
A hoto, sauro sauro
Kwan ƙwai na nau'in sauro a ƙasashe masu yanayin sanyi sun fi jure yanayin ƙarancin yanayi fiye da jinsunan da ke cikin yanayi mai kyau. Tsuntsayen suna saurin bunkasa cikin ruwan sanyi, kuma bayan wasu kwanaki bayan barin sa, sun riga sun iya haifuwa da kansu.
An yi imani da yawa cewa sauro yana rayuwa ne kawai wata rana. Amma wannan ya yi nisa da lamarin. Tabbas, kasancewa kusa da mutum, kwari masu ban haushi ba zasu iya daɗewa ba. A matsakaici, sauro babba yana rayuwa ne kawai na kwanaki biyar kawai. Amma a karkashin kyakkyawan yanayi, sauro yakan daɗe sosai.
Rayuwansu na iya shafar ba kawai tasirin mutane ba, har ma da abubuwan yanayi, da mahimmin aikin sauran kwari da kwayoyin cuta. Maza na iya ganin wannan farin haske har zuwa makonni 3-4. Mata sun wanzu da yawa, duk da cewa a wasu lokuta, amma rayuwarsu na iya kaiwa wata biyu.
