Salmon mai launin ruwan hoda (lat. Shine mafi ƙanƙanta a cikin girma da kuma wakilin kifi na kowa wanda yake cikin jinsin kifin Salmon (Oncorhynсhus).
Bayanin ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda
Kifin kifi mai ruwan hoda ko ruwan kifi mai laushi ruwan goro kifi ne wanda yake da kamanni iri iri ga duk wakilan kifin Ray-finned da kuma tsari na Salmoniformes.
Bayyanar
Kalmomin ruwan hoda mai ruwan shuɗi an rarrabe shi ta baya mai shuɗi ko shuɗi-kore, gefen azurfa da farin ciki... Bayan komawa ga filayen da aka tsiro, launin irin wannan kifin yana canzawa. Kifin kifin mai ruwan hoda ya zama launin toka-launi mai launi a baya, kuma ciki yana samun ƙarancin launin rawaya ko koren launi. Tare da sauran kifin, kifin kifin mai ruwan hoda yana da adipose fin wanda yake a yankin daga dorsal zuwa fin caudal fin.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Matsakaicin nauyin babban kifin salmon kusan kilogram 2.2, kuma tsawon mafi girman sanannun kifin wannan nau'in ya kai mita 0.76 tare da nauyin kilogiram 7.0.
Babban halayen rariyar launin ruwan hoda shine farin baki da rashin hakora akan harshe, da kuma kasancewar manyan ɗigon baƙin baƙi a bayanta da kuma bayyanar V-fin na caudal fin. Kifin yana da ƙwanƙolin farji, wanda aka wakilta 13-17 mai laushi mai laushi. A lokacin da aka yi ƙaura zuwa filayen da aka haifa, maza na ruwan kifin mai ruwan hoda suna ɓullowa da rarrabewa sosai a yankin baya, godiya ga abin da wakilan wannan nau'in kifin kifi ya samo sunansu na ban mamaki.
Hali da salon rayuwa
Kifin kifin mai ruwan hoda ya fi son ruwan sanyi, saboda haka mafi kyawun alamomin zafin jiki don mazaunin irin wannan kifin shine + 10-140DAGA. Lokacin da zafin jiki ya tashi zuwa +260Daga sama da sama, akwai mutuwar yawan ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda... Wakilan umarnin Salmoniformes sun mamaye saman wuraren da zafin ruwan bai sauka kasa da 5 ba0C. Waɗannan sharuɗɗan sune ke nuna yanayin dumi na Kuroshio na yanzu, wanda ke gefen kudu da gabashin Japan. Hijira na ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda ba ta wuce tsawo ba, misali, a cikin kifin kifin kifi, kuma manya ba sa tashi sosai a cikin ruwan kogi.
Da yawa ruwan salmon mai rai
Tsarancin rayuwar wakilan kifin salmon, wanda bai wuce shekaru uku ba, saboda gaskiyar cewa ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda ya kai tsawon watanni ashirin bayan mirgine cikin ruwan teku, kuma bayan da kawai ya fara haihuwa a rayuwarsa, manya sun mutu.
Wurin zama, mazauni
Kifin mara kyau, wanda a halin yanzu yana ɗaya daga cikin sanannun wakilai na jinsi na Salmon na Pacific (Oncorhynсhus), ya bazu cikin ruwan tekun Pacific da Arctic.
Yana da ban sha'awa! A tsakiyar karnin da ya gabata, an yi ƙoƙari da yawa don daidaita ruwan kifin mai ruwan hoda a cikin ruwan kogin da ke gefen tekun Murmansk, amma ba a sami wata gagarumar nasara ba a wannan taron.
Daga cikin wasu abubuwa, wakilan dangin kifin salmon suna zaune ne a cikin Manyan Tabkuna a Arewacin Amurka, inda aka gabatar da adadi kaɗan na mutane ba zato ba tsammani. A cikin Asiya, ana rarraba wakilan kifin Ray-finned da kuma umarnin Salmoniformes har zuwa Honshu.
Abincin ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda
Yayinda suke girma da girma, samari na ruwan kifin mai ruwan hoda suna motsawa daga ciyarwa akan plankton da benthos zuwa manyan zooplankton da dabbobin ruwa da yawa, da kowane irin ƙananan kifi. Koyaya, an ba da fifiko ga:
- larrone na chironomid;
- larvae na kwari da mayflies;
- matsakaici;
- copearamin karamin jituwa;
- harpacticides;
- cumaceans;
- Amfani
Yawanci nau'ikan ɓawon burodi na yara da yara na wasu nau'in kifi suna zama abincin manya kifi mai ruwan hoda. A kan shiryayye, manya na iya kusan canzawa gaba ɗaya don ciyar da ƙwayoyin ɓaure da kifi.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Ya kamata a lura cewa nan da nan kafin a fara yaduwa, kifin ya daina ciyarwa, wanda hakan ya haifar da dakatar da gabobin narkewar abinci da kuma hana abubuwan ƙoshin abinci.
A saman wurare masu zurfin gaske, abincin gargajiyar galibi squid, larvae, yara da ƙananan kifi, gami da anchovies mai haske da kifin azurfa.
Sake haifuwa da zuriya
A tsakiyar bazara, wakilan ajin Ray-finned da kuma umarnin Salmoniformes sun fara shiga rafin kogin don yaduwa a watan Agusta. Duk sifofin halayyar irin wannan kifin suna da kyau ga kowane irin kifin salmonids, saboda haka, kafin jefa ƙwai, mace na gina gida a cikin yanayin ɓacin rai a ƙasan. Bayan an kwai kwai, sai su hadu da maza, kuma a binne qwai, kuma ba makawa babban kifi ya mutu.
Yana da ban sha'awa! A yayin mirginawa zuwa cikin teku, adadi mai yawa na soya sun mutu kuma kifayen da ke farautar su ko tsuntsaye suna cin su.
Mace na da lokacin share kwai kusan 800-2400... Pink kifin salmon soya ya kyankyashe a watan Nuwamba-Disamba, kuma da farko suna amfani da abubuwan da ke cikin jakar kwai don abinci mai gina jiki. A cikin shekaru goma na ƙarshe na bazara ko a farkon bazara, soyayyen da aka shuka ya bar gidansu ya zame cikin teku tare da taimakon kwararar ruwa. Tsawonsu a wannan lokacin 3 cm ne, kuma jikin yana da launin azurfa mai ƙyalƙyali ba tare da kasancewar rabe-rabe na halaye na manya ba. Yaran yara suna cin abinci iri-iri na plankton da benthos.
Makiya na halitta
Kifin da yawa na kifin salmon caviar ana cin sa da yawa a cikin kifi da yawa, gami da Dolly Varden char, char, da kuma nau'ikan dabbobi irin su lenok, furfura da kunja. A lokacin da ake zamewa cikin ruwan teku, ana farautar soya ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda da daddarewar daddawa da kifaye masu cin nama, da kuma wasu nau'ikan agwagin daji da gulbin. A lokacin zaman su a tekun, wasu manya-manyan dabbobin da ke cikin ruwa, wadanda ke wakiltar whales na beluga, hatimai da kifayen kifin kifi. A kan filayen haihuwa, beyar, otters da mikiya suna da haɗari musamman ga kifi daga dangin kifin.
Yawan jama'a da matsayin jinsin
Daga cikin dukkan wakilan salmon na Pacific, kifin kifin mai ruwan hoda ne wanda yake da mafi ƙanƙanta girma da adadi mai yawa, kuma a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, irin waɗannan kifin shine abin da ke kamun kifin kasuwanci. A karkashin yanayin yanayi, ana lura da sauyin yanayi na yau da kullun a cikin yawan ruwan kifin mai ruwan hoda, amma haɗarin halaka irin wannan nau'in kwayar halittar da ba ta da ruwa mai kyau a halin yanzu ba ya nan.
Darajar kasuwanci
Naman kifin salamon yana da kyawawan halaye masu dandano kuma ya dace da hanyoyin girke-girke iri-iri.... Kyakkyawan caviar na wannan kifin shine mafi girma a cikin kifin da yake mallakar jinsin Oncorhynсhus.
Salmon mai ruwan hoda shine mafi mahimmancin kifin kasuwanci, wanda ke kan gaba wajen kamun kifi tsakanin kifin, kuma a Kamchatka yawan kamun da yake samu shine 80%. Manyan yankuna don kama ruwan kifin ruwan hoda har yanzu suna yammacin yankin Kamchatka da ƙananan Amur. Kamawa da kifin kasuwanci mai tamani ana aiwatar dashi ta hanyar tsayayyun raƙuman ruwa da raƙuman ruwa. Manuniya masu kamawa a cikin shekaru suna da halayyar haɓaka lokaci-lokaci.
