Babu wuya mutumin da bai ga wannan ƙwarin ba. Kowa ya san cewa ya fi kyau kada a taɓa waɗannan kwari masu taguwar tashi, ko ma sun iya harbawa. Amma, watakila, a nan ne duk ilimin game da wasps ya ƙare. Kuma abin takaici ne, saboda wasps abubuwa ne masu ban sha'awa na halitta.
Fasali da mazauninsu
Ruwa - mallakar umarnin Hymenoptera ne, kuma zuwa yankin da aka yiwa bushe-bushe.
Wasps sun hada da kwari kamar:
- gaske;
- yashi;
- wasps - masha'a;
- hanya;
- scolia;
- wasps - Matan Jamusawa;
- typhia;
- na fure;
- digging;
- takarda;
- ƙaho.
Wasp kwari ne wanda aka yiwa jikinsa zane da ratsin baki da rawaya. Tsawon kwarin (ya danganta da nau'ikan halittun) ya fara daga 2 cm zuwa cm 3.5. Akwai fikafikai biyu a baya, amma tunda fikafikan baya suna manne sosai da na gaba, da alama cewa fikafikan biyu ne kawai.
Jirgin ruwa mai raɗaɗi, kumburi kuma zai iya haifar da mummunan rashin lafiyan abu. A lokaci guda, ba kamar ƙudan zuma ba, wasps ba sa barin harba.
Idanun wannan kwaron sun kunshi fuskoki da yawa wadanda zasu baka damar duba wurare daban-daban a lokaci guda, kuma suyi gaba zuwa sama sama da jirgin na abin kunya.
Baya ga hadaddun, idanun fuskoki, dutsen yana da karin idanu uku, wadanda suke a saman kai. Yana da wahala a yarda da karamin abu kwari mai girman ido, amma idan kayi la'akari wasp a cikin hoton, to wannan za'a iya tabbatar dashi cikin sauƙi.
A cikin hoton akwai ƙarin ido iri uku
Baya ga manyan idanu, akwai eriya a kan kai. Waɗannan eriyar suna aiki da yawa. Hakanan gabobi ne masu ƙamshi da taɓawa, suma suna hango girgizar iska, suma suna aiki ne a matsayin masu karɓar ɗanɗano kuma, ƙari ma, lokacin gina gida, kowane sel ana auna shi da eriya.
Abin sha'awa! Tsintsaye mata ne kawai ke da rauni. Wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa wannan kwayar itace ovipositor kuma kawai idan akwai matsala sai gubar ta sanya guba ta hanyar ta.
Wasp nau'in kwari suna da banbanci kuma akwai dayawa daga cikinsu, amma duk sun kasu kashi daya kuma sun zama marasa aure. Sunan kawai ya nuna cewa raguna guda ɗaya sun fi son zama a raba, ba tare da manyan kamfanoni ba.
Basu ma gina gurbi. Amma a daya bangaren, kowane wasp guda daya yana da damar ci gaba da dabi'arsa, ma'ana, ta hayayyafa. Amma rarar zamantakewar al'umma kadai ba za su iya rayuwa ba, suna rayuwa ne a cikin iyalai, wanda yawansu na iya zama wasps dubu da yawa.
Irin wannan wasps din suna gina wa kansu mazauni mai mahimmanci - gida mai ƙarfi amintacce. Ba kamar wasps guda ba, wasps na jama'a ba zai iya yin komai ba. Mahaifa da maza ne kawai zasu iya shiga cikin haifuwa, sauran wasps bakararre ne.
A cikin wasps na zamantakewa, ginin gida yana farawa tare da mahaifa. Tana iya gina karamin gida - wanda bai fi na goro ba. Da gaske tana buƙatar ƙaramin gida inda zata iya yin ƙwai na farko.
Da farko, mazaunin duk a cikin Layer daya yake. Amma daga baya mahaifar tana ginawa akan wasu tiers. Zata yi aiki har sai saurayi, wasps yan kyankyasar kwan daga kwan.
Kuma suna riga suna ci gaba da gini, suna 'yantar da mahaifa don abu mafi mahimmanci - ƙara adadin aspen. Ta wurin girman gida, zaka iya tantance yadda wadatar iyali take tare da mutane masu aiki.
Wasaramar wasps basu da wayo game da gina gida, kuma idan sun gina shi, to suna da hanyoyi daban-daban na gini. Wasu suna gina ƙananan ɗakuna a wuraren da aka kiyaye su daga yanayi da kuma idanuwan da ke kaɗawa, kuma, alal misali, maginin tukwane ya gina wani abu kamar tulu daga laka, wanda aka haɗa a bango ko rassan bishiyoyi.
Akwai wasps cewa kawai burrow a cikin ƙasa ko cizon ta tushe na shuke-shuke don samun mafaka a can, kuma akwai wadanda suka fi son samun kananan rami masu dacewa da su zama. Ga irin waɗannan mutane, duk abin da ya saura na mutum ya dace kuma - safofin hannu na hannu da aka yasar, ɓangaren katako mai hawa uku, abubuwan da ba dole ba, da sauransu.
Abin sha'awa! Wasps guda ɗaya suna kwan ƙwai ne kawai a cikin sel daban, sannan a rufe shi. A wannan yanayin, babu wata ma'amala tsakanin manyan mayuka da larvae.
Hakanan an lura cewa ana sanya ƙwai a cikin ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, wanda daga nan kwayayen maza suke ƙyanƙyashewa. Wannan yana nufin cewa suna da karancin maza kamar na mata.
A cikin hoto, kwanciya da tsutsa masu tsutsa
Yawancin wasps suna rayuwa duk inda ya yiwu. Koyaya, yawancinsu suna son zama kusa da mutum. Wannan abin fahimta ne, don waɗannan kwari mutum ɗakin cin abinci ne na dindindin, inda ba a buƙatar ƙoƙari na musamman don samun abinci.
Hali da salon rayuwa
Halin yan raɗaɗɗun masu cin nama ya zama abin ƙyama, ma'ana, a fili m. A wata 'yar matsala, wannan kwarin yakan fara kaiwa. Wasp ɗin ba wai kawai yana harbawa bane, har ma yana cizon abokan gaba, kodayake cizon baki ba shi da fa'ida fiye da harbawa.
Idan akwai wani gaci a kusa, ƙamshi dafin, zai yi hanzari don taimakon guguwa mai kai harin Kuma tuni wahala ta tabbata ga wanda ya dagargaza ƙaho. Sannan gabaɗaya gajimaren wasps zai tashi don kare gidansu kuma mai laifin ba zai yi sa'a ba sosai.
A lokaci guda, wasps masu kulawa ne da iyaye mata, kodayake wannan yafi damuwa ne kawai da wasps na zamantakewar, a cikin sharaɗɗun da ake kulawa da uwa ana bayyana ne kawai don samar da tsutsa tare da shanyayyen ganyayyaki - suna ba wa tsutsarsu abinci tsawon lokaci na ci gaban su. A cikin wasps na zamantakewar, kula da zuriya ya fi wahala.
Kowane yawo a cikin dangi yana cikin dukkan matakan "aiki". Idan da farko matashi na iya zama mai tsafta kawai, to tare da shekaru ana "inganta shi" zuwa rukunin mai jinya.
Wasps sami kuskure gidansu ba kuskure, koda kuwa sun tashi daga nesa na kilomita da yawa. Amma idan gida ya kaura koda da 'yan mituna ne, zai kasance mawuyacin aiki ga wannan kwari ya sami gidansa.
Abinci
Wasps ne kwari masu farauta, kodayake sanannu ne "hakori mai zaki". Bai kamata ku bar giyar tare da jam a veranda na rani bayan shan shayi ba, tabbas wasps zasu sami wannan kyautar kuma zasu tashi nan don sabon rabo. Wasps na iya lasar nectar daga furanni, ko kuma zasu iya cin ƙananan ƙwari.
Duk da haka, mutum ya tuna game da zanzaro, saboda shakku game da farauta za su shuɗe. Wannan zanzaro yana neman wata kwari mai cike da abinci, ya zauna a saman sa (kamar mahayi), ya huda fatar tare da ovipositor kuma ya sa ƙwai a jikin wanda aka azabtar.
Daga baya, za a ba wa tsutsa abinci, wato, ta wannan kwari mai yawan gaske. Wasu wasps sun zabi beetles maimakon kwari. Jirgin ruwa shine pepsis (hanyar jirgi) kuma yana farautar gizo-gizo, yana afka musu, wani lokacin ma a cikin gidan nasu, kuma yana kwan ƙwai a jikin wannan gizo-gizo.
Af, cicadas kuma suna zuwa don ciyar da tsutsa, wanda ya zarce wasps a cikin girman. Ana lulluɓe su kawai a cikin ɗaki tare da kwai, kuma idan tsutsa ta ƙyanƙyashe, ba za ta ji yunwa ba.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai
Bayan hunturu mai ɗumi (saboda wannan akwai keɓaɓɓen wuri), mahaifa ta fara gina gida da ƙwai a wurin. Mutane marasa tsabta ne kawai za su fito daga waɗannan ƙwai, wanda zai ƙara gina gida kuma ya sami abinci.
Kuma kawai a ƙarshen bazara, mahaifa ya fara yin ƙwai, daga abin da wasps zai fito wanda zai iya haifuwa. Waɗannan mutane ne ke tahowa da juna.
Bayan hadi ya faru, mata mata sukan tashi daga cikin gida kuma su nemi masauki mai dumi don hunturu don gina nasu gida a lokacin bazara. Mazaje suna mutuwa. Tare da farkon yanayin sanyi, duk dangin da aka watsar da shi, tare da tsohuwar mace, sun lalace.
Femaleaya daga cikin mata ɗaya mata daya kuma tana da ikon samarwa sama da 2000 wasps. Ga mafi yawancin, waɗannan suna aiki wasps, bakarare. An rufe ƙwai a cikin ɗaki tare da ƙananan kwari (abinci). Tsutsa, a nan gaba, za su ciyar kuma su yi kiba don juyawa zuwa jiji.
Tsutsa, daga abin da gwanayen da ke iya hayayyafa, suka fito, suna cin abinci daban. Ana ciyar dasu da abinci wanda ke inganta ƙirƙirar al'aura. Bayan an samu danshin daga tsutsa, sai ya fita daga dakin da kansa. Tsawon lokacin mahaifar ya kai watanni 10, yayin da wasps da drones na da makonni 4 kawai.
